View the photo gallery and think about the consequences of acid rain. List other consequences.
RkxQek7JhX6m8
Las zniszczony kwaśnymi opadami. Suche, szare pnie drzew, pozbawione liści stoją otoczone gdzieniegdzie zielonymi jeszcze drzewami.
Forrest destoyed by acid rain
Source: ArtMechanic, [online], dostępny w internecie: Wikipedia.
R88zbZzxQfOg1
Las zniszczony kwaśnymi opadami. Widoczne jest pole suchych pni pozbawionych zielonych liści czy gałęzi
Forrest destoyed by acid rain
Source: domena publiczna.
RZD8C3EoFL6aK
Las w pobliżu Wielkiej Sowy, Góry Sowie. Zniszczone drzewa mają suche pnie bez gałęzi i liści.
Forrest next to the Wielka Sowa Mountain, Sowie Mountains
Source: Przykuta, [online], dostępny w internecie: Wikipedia.
RcSJFhdaAva2m
Kamienny pomnik zniszczony przez kwaśne opady. Widać część kamienia, która odpadła z pomnika
Stone monument destroyed by acid rain
Source: Nino Barbieri, [online], dostępny w internecie: Wikipedia.
Ro9wM2WGMLgQC
Kwaśne opady przyczyniają sie do niszczenia zabytków Akropolu w Atenach
Acid rain contributes to the destruction of the monuments of the Acropolis in Athens
Source: domena publiczna.
RIDZLdBSsZQ9j
Na kwaśne opady i niszczenie wyjątkowo narażona jest także katedra w Lincoln w Wielkiej Brytanii
The Lincoln Cathedral, Great Britain is also extremely exposed to acid rain and destruction
Source: domena publiczna.
R5vWuisMGsS3B
W narażeniu na kwaśne opady pozostają także średniowieczne zabytki Krakowa
The medieval monuments of Kraków remain in the exposure to acid deposition
Source: domena publiczna.
Task 2
Before you perform the experiment „Effect of acid on plant germination”, write down the research question and hypotheses. Take notes of your observations and draw conclusions and note them down. Compare the effects with the results of the experiment presented in the summary.
RqMKpCY0vu0gY
Wymyśl pytanie na kartkówkę związane z tematem abstraktu.
Wymyśl pytanie na kartkówkę związane z tematem abstraktu.
Effect of acid on plant germination
Experiment 1
You will need
2 Petri dishes,
cotton wool,
cress,
diluted acid, e.g. sulphurous acid,
pipette.
Instruction
Place a small amount of cotton wool on Petri dishes and a small amount of cress seed on each of them.
Add diluted acid to the first dish and water to the second one using pipette.
Water both samples daily.
After 5 days, note the changes observed.
R1KaSGkpTjTV4
Wysłuchaj nagrań słówek w słowniczku i naucz się ich prawidłowej wymowy.
Wysłuchaj nagrań słówek w słowniczku i naucz się ich prawidłowej wymowy.
Summary
Acid precipitation (smog) threaten the health and life of people and animals, reduce the pH of soils and water reservoirs, destroy building materials, plastics, stained glass and metals. Sandstone and limestone buildings, such as the medieval monuments of Cracow, Lincoln Cathedral in England, temples at the Acropolis of Athens are particularly exposed to its unfavourable impact.
Even toughened materials are not resistant to acid rain effects. Their good condition preservation requires frequent painting, especially because acidic pollutions have a negative effect on pigments contained in paints. In industrialized areas, steel is faster to corrode, which is why the equipment made of it requires frequent repairs.
RJ0PTf2UM69Oe
Skutki upływu czasu oraz czynników środowiska na budowle i elementy wykonane ze stali. Kamienie miejscami się kruszą. Mury budynków mają ubytki. Stal wygląda jakby była nadgryziona, ma poszarpaną powierzchnię zamiast gładkiej.
The effects of the passage of time and environmental factors on buildings and elements made of steel
Source: domena publiczna.
Task 3
Consider why acid rain has particularly strong impact on buildings made of limestone and sandstone. Set up a hypothesis and plan your experiment.
R14SuPlTCDaC6
Analysis of the experiment: "Effect of acids on limestone and shells". Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).
Analysis of the experiment: "Effect of acids on limestone and shells". Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).
The impact of acids on limestone and shells
Experiment 2
Research problem
What is the impact of acid rain on limestones and shells?
Hypothesis
Acid deposition causes the destruction of limestone and shells.
You will need
2 Petri dishes,
a piece of limestone,
a shell,
diluted hydrochloric acid,
pipette.
Instruction
Place a piece of limestone on one Petri dish, and the shell on another.
Add diluted hydrochloric acid to both dishes.
Observe the changes.
Summary
Both limestone and shell, which contains calcium carbonate, react rapidly with hydrochloric acid, resulting in the foaming of the contents of the dishes. Colourless gas – carbon dioxide, is emitted in this reaction as illustrated by the equation:
The reaction of calcium carbonate with acids is the cause of the destruction of limestone facades of buildings and marble sculptures as a result of acid rain.
Acid deposition prevention
Acid rain is a global problem. According to the international arrangements, actions are taken to protect the environment. Limits of air pollution, including nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide, are set in legal regulations and their level is constantly monitored. From the 80s of the 20th century until now, the level of pollution in the European Union has significantly decreased.
Acid depositions can be prevented by the reduction of pollution emissions created by:
mining, metallurgy and power plants – all of us can reduce electricity consumption by switching off lights when they are unnecessary, using energy‑saving light bulbs, turning on the washing machine or dishwasher only when it is full, leaving devices in standby mode,
transport – many people can use public transport (bus, tram) or other means of transport (bicycle).
R5aTebIVMh2GX
Ułóż trzy pytania quizowe odnoszące się do abstraktu i daj je do rozwiązania swoim kolegom i koleżankom.
Ułóż trzy pytania quizowe odnoszące się do abstraktu i daj je do rozwiązania swoim kolegom i koleżankom.
RILCN01UpTi1A
Exercise 1
Acid deposition arises due to the action of: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. sulphur dioxide, 2. ozone, 3. calcium oxide, 4. nitric oxide
Acid deposition arises due to the action of: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. sulphur dioxide, 2. ozone, 3. calcium oxide, 4. nitric oxide
R1PmcEeujZoxZ
Exercise 2
The source of acid deposition is: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. factory, 2. refrigeration equipment, 3. home furnace, 4. smelter
The source of acid deposition is: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. factory, 2. refrigeration equipment, 3. home furnace, 4. smelter
RQLlSMT6CT7Fx
Exercise 3
Complete the text using the following words: gases, corrosion, germinate, reduction, deposition, acidification. The activity of smelters, mines, power plants and other industrial plants contributes to the emission of Tu uzupełnij - sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides. These oxides react with water to form acid Tu uzupełnij. These sink into the soil and cause its Tu uzupełnij. The seeds planted on such soil Tu uzupełnij poorly. Growing plants exposed to acid deposition die back. Too acidified soils and acid deposition effect on crop plants result in Tu uzupełnij of harvests. Acid deposition also causes metal structures Tu uzupełnij and destruction of buildings
Complete the text using the following words: gases, corrosion, germinate, reduction, deposition, acidification. The activity of smelters, mines, power plants and other industrial plants contributes to the emission of Tu uzupełnij - sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides. These oxides react with water to form acid Tu uzupełnij. These sink into the soil and cause its Tu uzupełnij. The seeds planted on such soil Tu uzupełnij poorly. Growing plants exposed to acid deposition die back. Too acidified soils and acid deposition effect on crop plants result in Tu uzupełnij of harvests. Acid deposition also causes metal structures Tu uzupełnij and destruction of buildings
Summary
Sulphur and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere as a result of human activities (combustion of fuels, industry) and from natural sources (volcanic eruptions, forest fires).
Acid rains arises as a result of the reaction of some oxides () with water.
Acid deposition causes acidification of waters, soils, destroys buildings and accelerates the process of corrosion, being a threat to health and life of people and animals.
R18Tcfx8PL0qw1
Grafika przedstawiająca tablicę szkolną, na której znajdują się zdania do dokończenia. Finish selected sentences. 1 It was easy for me (uzupełnij). 2 It was difficult for me (uzupełnij). 3 Today I learned (uzupełnij). 4 I understood that (uzupełnij). 5 It surprised me (uzupełnij). 6. Today I found out (uzupełnij). 7. I was interested in (uzupełnij). 8. I still have to repeat (uzupełnij).
Grafika przedstawiająca tablicę szkolną, na której znajdują się zdania do dokończenia. Finish selected sentences. 1 It was easy for me (uzupełnij). 2 It was difficult for me (uzupełnij). 3 Today I learned (uzupełnij). 4 I understood that (uzupełnij). 5 It surprised me (uzupełnij). 6. Today I found out (uzupełnij). 7. I was interested in (uzupełnij). 8. I still have to repeat (uzupełnij).
Source: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Homework
Task 4.1
Describe the methods to reduce the formation of acid rain.
Describe the methods to reduce the formation of acid rain.
Make an infographic showing the methods to reduce the formation of acid rain.
Key words
Acid deposition, acid rains, destruction of monuments, destruction of forests
