Infrasound
define infrasound, present the properties and parameters of infrasound,
indicate natural and artificial sources of infrasound in English.
Prepare answers to the following questions.
What is a sound wave?
List the features of the sound.
What is the range of audible frequencies?
InfrasoundInfrasound is the vibrations of the medium in which they diverge at frequencies below the audible frequencyfrequency.
The infrasonic range is taken as a band with frequencies between 0,1 and 20 Hz. Infrasound wave length is above 17 m, therefore weakly attenuated waves can propagate over long distances.
Can you hear infrasoundinfrasound?
Infrasound that is part of the noise is not audible. But it is picked up by the body, in a specific way, through the auditory path (mainly through hearing organs). The audibility of these infrasound is dependent on the sound pressure level.
Some animals, such as elephants and whales, can communicate with each other using infrasound.
Indicate the natural sources of infrasound.
The natural sources of infrasound are:
earthquake,
eruption of volcanoes,
auroras,
ocean waves,
hurricane wind,
sinking of masses of water from large waterfalls.
Indicate the artificial sources of infrasound.
Artificial sources of infrasound generated by man.
Infrasound can be encountered in large office buildings, industrial buildings.
The source of this infrasound are machines and devices. Ventilation and air conditioning ducts strengthen these soundssounds.
Infrasound is generated by:
vibrationsvibrations of bridges,
operation of wind farms,
work of jet engines,
explosions.
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Introduce the properties of infrasound.
Properties of infrasound:
They spread very well in the air and over long distances. There is practically no change in the intensity of infrasound.
Infrasound disperses at the speed of sound waves.
Infrasound is not suppressed by acoustic screensacoustic screens or their attenuation is very small.
People cannot hear infrasound, but they can feel it. Infrasound effects on the human body are very unpleasant, infrasound is dangerous at high volumes.
InfrasoundInfrasound can cause feelings of anxiety and fear. The effect of infrasound is nausea and headaches. They disrupt the sense of balance. Due to the lack of advisability to build shields to protect against infrasound, they arouse interest in military use. Of course, these tests are classified.
Some animals can hear infrasound and they use it to communicate at very long distances. Among them there are giraffes, elephants and whales.
Summary
InfrasoundInfrasound - these are acoustic waves (soundssounds) with frequencies between 0,1 and 20 Hz. They are inaudible to human beings. In natural conditions they arise, during explosions, lightning, earthquakes and, for example, waves of water. At an appropriate high sound pressurepressure level, they have a negative effect on humans. They cause concern and nausea, and even states of depression, etc. Infrasound is picked up not only by the ears but also by vibration receptors, for example on the skin or in tendons, muscles and joints. These sounds at such a low frequency may cause resonanceresonance vibrations, in particular, in the chest, throat or abdominal cavity.
Exercises
Determine which sentences are true.
- Infrasound, like vibrations, can cause internal organ resonance. They cause headaches, nausea, insomnia, mood depression, anxiety and neurosis. At high intensities they can cause fainting, haemorrhage and even heart attack.
- Vibrations at certain frequencies can cause organ resonance. Vibrations with the frequencies between 4 - 18 kHz are particularly dangerous. They can cause chest pain, respiratory problems, changes in blood pressure.
- Human beings and animals cannot tolerate vibrations of the Earth. During an earthquake, people panic and animals show excessive nervousness.
- Vibrations with the frequency of 5 Hz reduce the visual acuity through resonance and problems with coordination of the anterior segment of the eye, making accommodation difficult.
Elephants can make soundssounds with a frequencyfrequency of 10 Hz. Assuming that the propagation speed of infrasound in the air is 340 , calculate the wavelengthwavelength for this infrasounds.
Using the literature available, write in English how infrasounds can be used for military puposes.
Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly.
- dźwięki - sounds
- infradźwięki - infrasound
- częstotliwość - frequency
- propagacja dźwięku - sound propagation
- rezonans - pressure
- słyszalny - resonance
- dźwięki
- sounds
- sound propagation
- propagacja dźwięku
- wavelength
- częstotliwość
- infrasound
- długość fali
- infradźwięki
- frequency
Glossary
ekrany akustyczne
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wymowa w języku angielskim: acoustic screens
słyszalny
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wymowa w języku angielskim: audible
częstotliwość
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wymowa w języku angielskim: frequency
infradźwięki
ciśnienie
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wymowa w języku angielskim: pressure
rezonans
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wymowa w języku angielskim: resonance
propagacja dźwięków
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wymowa w języku angielskim: sound propagation
dźwięki
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wymowa w języku angielskim: sounds
wibracje
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wymowa w języku angielskim: vibrations
długość fali
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wymowa w języku angielskim: wavelength
Keywords
frequencyfrequency
infrasoundinfrasound
sound propagationsound propagation
soundssounds
wavelengthwavelength