Topic: Mixtures vs elements and chemical compounds

Target group

Elementary school student (grades 7. and 8.)

Core curriculum

Elementary school. Chemistry.

I. Substances and their properties. Pupil:

6) mixes and selects the method of separating the mixture components (eg, filtration, distillation, separation of liquid in the separator); indicates these differences between the physical properties of the mixture components that enable it to be separated.

General aim of education

The student explains the concept of the mixture and divides the mixtures.

Key competences

• communication in foreign languages;

• digital competence;

• learning to learn.

Criteria for success
The student will learn:

• how to explain the difference between an element and a chemical compound;

• distinguish the mixture from a chemical compound;

• plan and carry out the experiment in accordance with the instructions.

Methods/techniques

• activating

  • discussion.

• expository

  • talk.

• exposing

  • film.

• programmed

  • with computer;

  • with e‑textbook.

• practical

  • exercices concerned.

Forms of work

• individual activity;

• activity in pairs;

• activity in groups;

• collective activity.

Teaching aids

• e‑textbook;

• notebook and crayons/felt‑tip pens;

• interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.

Lesson plan overview

Introduction

1. The teacher hands out Methodology Guide or green, yellow and red sheets of paper to the students to be used during the work based on a traffic light technique. He presents the aims of the lesson in the student's language on a multimedia presentation and discusses the criteria of success (aims of the lesson and success criteria can be send to students via e‑mail or posted on Facebook, so that students will be able to manage their portfolio).

2. The teacher together with the students determines the topic- based on the previously presented lesson aims – and then writes it on the interactive whiteboard/blackboard.

Realization

1. Students read the fragment titled „Mixtures, elements and chemical compounds - differences”. Selected persons define the meaning of the following terms: element, chemical compound, substance, mixture. The teacher complements or straightens the statements of the proteges.

2. Participants, working in pairs, analyze the diagram presenting the division of matter and give examples of the type of matter. Then they complete the form in the abstract.

3. The teacher presents and discusses the table in the abstract. Volunteers explain what features of elements can be referred to the properties of mixtures and chemical compounds included in the table..

4. Students will get acquainted with the content presented in the diagram explaining how to distinguish types of matter. Indicated persons explain how to distinguish a mixture from a chemical compound and what is the difference between a chemical compound and an element.

5. Students carry out the interactive exercises checking the level of knowledge learned during the lesson. The teacher initiates a discussion during which the correct solutions for all the exercises performed by the students are discussed.

Summary

1. Students, working in small groups, create an infographic showing the issues learned during the lesson.

2. The student indicated by the teacher sums up the lesson, telling what he has learned and what skills he/she has been practicing.

Homework

1. Listen to the abstract recording at home. Pay attention to pronunciation, accent and intonation. Learn to pronounce the words learned during the lesson.

The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson

Terms

Texts and recordings

Mixtures vs elements and chemical compounds

The matter that surrounds us is made of substances or mixtures of substances. Conversion of substances into mixtures or vice versa takes place as a result of physical processes: mixing and separation. Substances are chemical elements and chemical compounds.

There are various substances in our environment. Among them are those that cannot be broken down to the simpler ones. These are chemical elements. Of the currently known 118 chemical elements, 90 occur in nature, but only a few are found in the free (native) state.

Mutual transformation of elements and chemical compounds takes place by way of chemical reactions.

• We encounter different types of mixtures in our surroundings.

• All mixtures consist of at least two components mixed with each other in any proportions.

• Mixtures, such as water and chalk or smoke, the components of which are visible to the naked eye are called heterogeneous mixtures.

• Mixtures, such as sea water, air or metal alloys, the components of which are not visible to the naked eye are called homogeneous mixtures.