Topic: Hydrocarbons – a repetition lesson

Target group

Elementary school student (grades 7. and 8.)

Core curriculum:

Elementary school. Chemistry.

VIII. Compounds of carbon with hydrogen – hydrocarbons. The student:

1) defines the terms: saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) and unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes, alkynes);

9) lists natural sources of hydrocarbons;

10) lists the names of petroleum distillation products, indicates their uses.

General aim of education

The student repeats knowledge and vocabulary in the field of: Hydrocarbons

Key competences

• communication in foreign languages;

• digital competence;

• learning to learn.

Criteria for success
The student will learn:

• to ask questions and answer your friends' questions about hydrocarbons;

• to consolidate the material from the lessons: „Natural sources of hydrocarbons”, „Saturated hydrocarbons – alkanes”, „Alkanes – physical properties”, „Alkanes – chemical properties”, „Eten and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms”, „Alkynes – properties of unsaturated hydrocarbons”, „Ethylene and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms”;

• to consolidate the vocabulary related to the theme of hydrocarbons.

Methods/techniques

• expository

  • talk.

• activating

  • discussion.

• programmed

  • with computer;

  • with e‑textbook.

• practical

  • exercices concerned.

Forms of work

• individual activity;

• activity in pairs;

• activity in groups;

• collective activity.

Teaching aids

• e‑textbook;

• notebook and crayons/felt‑tip pens;

• interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.

Before classes

1. Before the planned repetitive lesson, the teacher asks all students to recall the material of the e‑textbook from the „Natural sources of hydrocarbons”, „Saturated hydrocarbons – alkanes”, „Alkanes – physical properties”, „Alkanes – chemical properties”, „Eten and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms”, „Alkynes – properties of unsaturated hydrocarbons”, „Ethylene and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms” that they can be summarized in their own words, solve tasks and take part in the discussion.

Lesson plan overview

Introduction

1. The teacher defines the goal of the lesson and sets the criteria for success together with the students.

2. The teacher reminds the participants of the classes what subject area the lesson will concern.

Realization

1. Students develop a crossword based on the abstract „Natural sources of hydrocarbons”. The task of the others is to guess individual passwords. After each crossword, using the technique of lights, the students evaluate the questions (whether they are unambiguous, logically formulated). The teacher assesses questions in terms of language and provides feedback.

2. The teacher plays the recording from the lesson „Alkanes – physical properties” (task 1). Students prepare up to three questions related to the content of the text they heard so that they can check if their colleagues understand him well. Their task will also be to prepare predicted answers to your questions.

3. Then the teacher asks students to count up to five and join the groups by numbers. Students ask themselves prepared questions, and then assess which of them has prepared the most interesting or the most difficult questions. The winners are awarded by the teacher with marks for activity.

4. Students, using the mechanism included in the abstract, prepare a test question for a friend.

5. Interactive exercise. Students in pairs perform an exercise included in the abstract on alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.

6. Expanding and enriching English vocabulary in the issues covered in the lesson - students perform language exercises included in the abstract. The teacher makes sure that the tasks have been correctly completed and gives feedback.

Summary

1. Teacher asks: If there was going to be a test on the material we have covered today, what questions do you think would you have to answer? If the students do not manage to name all the most important questions, the teacher may complement their suggestions.

Homework

1. Listen to the abstract recording at home. Pay attention to pronunciation, accent and intonation. Learn to pronounce the words learned during the lesson.

2. Imagine that you have the opportunity to interview an academic - a specialist in the field of today's lesson. What questions would you like to ask him? Write them down.

The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson

Terms

Texts and recordings

Hydrocarbons – a repetition lesson

Links to the lessons: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Links to the abstracts: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Before you begin solving the exercises, review abstracts „Natural sources of hydrocarbons”, „Saturated hydrocarbons – alkanes”, „Alkanes – physical properties”, „Alkanes – chemical properties”, „Eten and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms”, „Alkynes – properties of unsaturated hydrocarbons”, „Ethylene and alkenes – hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between carbon atoms” to recall the most important information and vocabulary. Then you will be able to check your knowledge. Good luck!

• Organic compounds are charring at elevated temperatures.

• Natural sources of hydrocarbons are natural gas, crude oil and coal.

• The petroleum components, e.g. gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oil, are isolated using a distillation process.

• In organic compounds carbon is always of four‑valent.

• Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) are saturated hydrocarbons whose molecules have only single bonds between carbon atoms.

• Saturated hydrocarbons form the homologous series with the following generalized formula $C_n{H}_{2n+2}$.

• Physical properties of alkanes change as the length of carbon chain is increasing.

• Alkanes are colorless substances of low density, they are not soluble in water.

• Alkanes are compounds that are slightly reactive; they undergo combustion reactions at room temperature.

• Propane and butane do not react with potassium permanganate.

• Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which molecules between carbon atoms in addition to single bonds there is one double bond (alkenes), and hydrocarbons in which molecules between carbon atoms have one triple bond (alkynes).

• Alkenes form a homologous series with the general formula of $C_n{H}_{2n\mathrm{}}$.

• Alkynes form a homologous series with the general formula of $C_n{H}_{2n-2.}$.

• In the ethene molecule, the carbon atoms are connected to each other by a double bond (multiple). Each of the carbon atoms is linked to two hydrogen atoms.

• In unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules, multiple bonds can be located between different carbon atoms. This phenomenon is called position isomerism.