Topic: Chemical properties of the substance

Target group

Elementary school student (grades 7. and 8.)

Core curriculum:

Elementary school. Chemistry.

I. Substances and their properties. Pupil:

1) describes the properties of substances that are the main ingredients of everyday products, e.g. table salt, sugar, flour, water, coal, aluminum, copper, zinc, iron; designs and conducts experiments in which it examines selected properties of the substance;

2) recognizes warning signs (pictograms) used for the labeling of dangerous substances; lists the basic principles of safe work with chemical reagents.

General aim of education

The student lists and determines the chemical properties of the substances tested.

Key competences

• communication in foreign languages;

• digital competence;

• learning to learn.

Criteria for success
The student will learn:

• exchange the chemical properties of the substance;

• determine which properties of the substance are included in physical properties and which are chemical properties;

• plan methods for testing the physical and chemical properties of substances;

• investigate and describe the properties of selected substances.

Methods/techniques

• expository

  • talk.

• exposing

  • film.

• programmed

  • with computer;

  • with e‑textbook.

• practical

  • exercices concerned.

Forms of work

• individual activity;

• activity in pairs;

• activity in groups;

• collective activity.

Teaching aids

• e‑textbook;

• notebook and crayons/felt‑tip pens;

• interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.

Lesson plan overview

Introduction

1. The teacher hands out Methodology Guide or green, yellow and red sheets of paper to the students to be used during the work based on a traffic light technique. He presents the aims of the lesson in the student's language on a multimedia presentation and discusses the criteria of success (aims of the lesson and success criteria can be send to students via e‑mail or posted on Facebook, so that students will be able to manage their portfolio).

2. The teacher together with the students determines the topic – based on the previously presented lesson aims – and then writes it on the interactive whiteboard/blackboard. Students write the topic in the notebook.

Realization

1. The teacher asks the pupils a few checking questions, eg what is the substance, what are the physical properties of chemical substances, what properties are included in the physical properties.

2. The teacher asks students to follow the task 1, analyze them and answer them. He also instructs them to define and calculate chemical properties.

3. Then the teacher displays the interactive board (task 2). Students complement fields and assign properties to a physical or chemical group.

4. The teacher instructs the participants to prepare an observation journal in the abstract, and then displays the film „Flammability test” on the multimedia board. Before this happens, students formulate a research question and hypotheses, write them down, just like observations and conclusions after watching the footage.

5. The teacher plays the film „Study of chemical properties of selected chemical substances”. Similarly to the previous projection, students write research question, hypotheses, observations and conclusions in the observation diaries. The teacher then asks the students to find similarities and differences in the chemical properties of the three substances and record them in the observation diary - work in pairs. After completing the task, the volunteers present their ideas.

6. The teacher asks the students whether the chemical properties of the substance can be studied with the help of the senses. He recommends them (they can work in groups) to plan and possibly carry out the experience of testing the taste and smell of selected chemical substances. Observations and conclusions are written in notebooks.

7. The teacher asks the students the question „How to recognize substances with dangerous properties?” - a talk. Then he explains the concept of pictograms; displays their examples on a multimedia board and discusses.

8. Students, working individually or in pairs, carry out interactive exercises to check and consolidate knowledge learned during the lesson. Selected people discuss the correct solutions for interactive exercises. The teacher completes or straightens the statements of the proteges.

Summary

1. The teacher asks a willing student to summarize the lesson from his point of view. He asks other students if they would like to add anything to their colleague's statements.

Homework

1. Listen to the abstract recording at home. Pay attention to pronunciation, accent and intonation. Learn to pronounce the words learned during the lesson.

The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson

Terms

Texts and recordings

Chemical properties of the substance

Chemical properties are those characteristics of substances that can be determined based on their behaviour towards other substances. These are, for example:

• smell,

• taste,

• combustibility,

• toxicity,

• reactivity (ability to react with specific substances or lack thereof, chemical degradation to simpler substances under the influence of specific factors) – reactions with acids and bases, reducing or oxidizing effect, chemical degradation into simpler substances, corrosion.

By conducting experiments in a chemical laboratory, we engage our senses, receiving specific stimuli that provide us with information about the tested phenomena. We must take special care to ensure proper protection of the sensory organs. Always remember about risk of the absorption of dangerous substances into the body through the skin, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. Warning pictograms are used to identify potentially hazardous substances. Perform task and recall the most important of them.

• The world consists of various substances that have a permanent composition and specific properties.

• Each substance has its own physical properties, e.g. state of matter, colour, water solubility, and chemical properties, e.g. taste, odour, combustibility.

• Chemical properties are those characteristics of substances that can be determined based on their behaviour towards other substances. These are, for example: smell, taste, combustibility, toxicity, reactivity.

• Substances can be identified based on their properties.

• The application of substances result from their characteristic properties, both physical and chemical (e.g. sugar is sweet, therefore we use it for sweetening, carbon dioxide does not support combustion, so it is used as a fire extinguisher in some types of fire extinguishers).

Properties of the substances, chemical properties, combustibility