Topicme8b38f86ca725584_1528449000663_0Topic

WorkworkWork as a physical quantityphysical quantityphysical quantity

Levelme8b38f86ca725584_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumme8b38f86ca725584_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

I. Use of physical concepts and quantities to describe phenomena and to indicate examples in the surrounding reality. The student:

III. 1) uses the definition of workworkwork and its unit; applies the relationship between work, force and the displacement of the body, on which the workworkwork was done.

Timingme8b38f86ca725584_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesme8b38f86ca725584_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Developing analytical thinking.

Key competencesme8b38f86ca725584_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Developing the ability to define physical quantityphysical quantityphysical quantity.

2. Introducing the definition of work.

3. Using the definition of workworkwork in typical situations.

Operational (detailed) goalsme8b38f86ca725584_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- defining the notion of workworkwork,

- calculating work in simple situations.

Methodsme8b38f86ca725584_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning through observation.

2. Learning through the application the acquired formulas.

Forms of workme8b38f86ca725584_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual workworkwork.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionme8b38f86ca725584_1528450127855_0Introduction

Task

1. List the features of the vector quantity.
2. What physical quantity is responsible for changing the motion of bodies?
3. What is the force unit?

Answer:

1. A physical quantity having characteristics: direction, numerical value and initial point, is a vector. Force, speed, acceleration are vector quantities.
2. According to the first law of Newton's dynamics, only an unbalanced force can change the body's motion.
3. The force unit in the SI system is newton [N].

[N]=[kg·ms2]

Procedureme8b38f86ca725584_1528446435040_0Procedure

Task

Watch the slideshow „Is it the work in the sense of physics?” and answer the question.
- Does the concept of work in the common sense and in the sense of mechanics coincide?

[Slideshow]

Conclusions:

- In the common sense, the concept of work is usually defined as the effort made by man to achieve some intended effect.
- In the physical concept of work, we say when a force is applied to the body system that causes a shift.

The definition of workworkwork

Work is a physical quantity which is the product of force and the displacement of the body in a direction parallel to the direction of the force:me8b38f86ca725584_1527752263647_0Work is a physical quantity which is the product of force and the displacement of the body in a direction parallel to the direction of the force:

W=Fs

where:
F - the value of the force along the direction of the movement,
s – the displacement of the body.

The unit of workworkwork is joule, [J].

[J]=[Nm=kgms2m=kgm2s2]

Task
Open and check what workworkwork is being done while moving the weight.

1) Move the weight of the same mass over different distances.
2) Move the weights of different masses over the same distance.
3) Add force at different angles and check what workworkwork has been done.

[Geogebra applet]

[Gallery]

Task

Task

View the illustrations below and answer the questions.

[Illustration 1]

1. Which person did a greater work?
2. What determines the value of the work performed by the persons presented in the individual illustrations?

Answer:

1. In illustration 1a, the higher person made a greater work because he lifted the ball higher.
In illustration 1b, a greater work was made by a person whose ball had more mass

2. The value of the work depends on the height which the ball was lifted (road) and the mass of the ball (weight). The longer the way, the greater the work and the greater the force, the greater the work.

Task

View the illustrations below and answer the questions.

1. Present the forces acting on the barbell and the tourist.
2. Does the weightlifter do the work while holding the barbell up?
3. Does the boy do the work while holding a balloon?
4. Does the tourist do the work while going on a flat terrain with a backpack?
5. Do you do the work while carrying shopping?

[Illustration 2]

Answer:

1. Forces acting on a raised barbell.

[Illustration 3]

Forces acting on a tourist.

[Illustration 4]

2. In this case, there is no displacement here. The physical work is zero. The weightlifter does not do physical work.

3. The balloon falls down freely. The force with which the boy affects the balloon is 0. The work was not done by the boy.

4. The force of gravity is directed vertically downwards, the reaction force of the ground against the pressure does not allow the tourist to move in the vertical direction. The tourist does not move vertically, so he does not perform work related to vertical displacement. The tourist overcomes the distance in a horizontal direction, so his displacement is in a horizontal direction. However, the resultant of forces acting on it in the horizontal direction is equal to zero (friction forces are directed in opposite directions due to the movement of feet when walking). Since the resultant force is equal to zero, the work done by the tourist in the horizontal direction is also equal to zero.

5. When carrying shopping, you move in a horizontal direction, and the weight of shopping is directed vertically down. Due to the fact that the displacement and the weight are directed to each other perpendicularly and not in parallel, in the physical sense the work done is zero.

Task

Which of the following situations are related to the performance of work? Determine which sentences are true and which are false.

a) Mom is ironing a shirt.

b) Janek is reading a book.

c) Marysia is listening to music.

d) Karol is pulling a sledge.

e) Marek is pulling a bow.

f) Grandma is shifting a vase from the upper shelf to the lower one.

g) Wojtek is holding a 2 kg ball above his head.

Answer:

a) True. b) False. c) False. d) True. e) True. f) True. g) False.

Task

Calculate the work that a person will do by pushing a trolley with a force of 300 N on the road of 10 m. Assume that force and displacement have the same direction.

Answer:

Analysis:

Given:

F=300N

s=10m

Unknown:

W=?

Solution:

W=Fs

W=300N10m

W=3000J

Answer:

Work human is 3000 J.

Task
Describe the situation when the same workworkwork was done while moving the same wardrobe over the same distance but acting with different forces.

Lesson summaryme8b38f86ca725584_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

In the language of physics, work W is a strictly defined physical quantity, which is the product of force F and the displacement s, if the displacement of the body is consistent with the direction and return of the acting force:

W=Fs

The unit of workworkwork is joule, [J].

1dżul=1niuton·1metr
1J=1N·1m

The work is worth 1 joule if a force of 1 newton directed parallel to the trajectory moves the body to a distance of 1 meter.

Work is not performed when:

- there is no displacement,

- force is zero,

- the force is perpendicular to the displacement.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

angleangleangle

direction of the forcedirection of the forcedirection of the force

horizontalhorizontalhorizontal

displacementdisplacementdisplacement

physical quantityphysical quantityphysical quantity

verticalverticalvertical

workworkwork

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work

praca

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wielkość fizyczna

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poziomy

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kąt

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kierunek siły

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przesunięcie

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pionowy

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