Topicmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449000663_0Topic

Influence of resistance to motionresistance to motionresistance to motion on moving bodies

Levelmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

I. The use of physical concepts and quantities to describe phenomena and to indicate their examples in the surrounding reality. The student:

2) extracts the phenomenon from the context, names it and indicates factors that are important and irrelevant to its occurrence.

II. Motion and forces. The student:

11) recognizes and names forces, gives examples of them in various practical situations (forces: gravitational, normal, elastic, frictionfrictionfriction).

Timingmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Presenting forces related to the movement of bodies.

Key competencesmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Recognition of the causes of resistance to motion.

2. Determining what resistance to motion depends on.

3. Determining the positive and negative effects of resistance to motion.

Operational (detailed) goalsmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- recognizes the causes and effects of resistance to motionresistance to motionresistance to motion,

- determines how to change the resistance to motion.

Methodsmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion.

2. Solving problems.

Forms of workmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Work with the whole class.

Lesson stages

Introductionmac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450127855_0Introduction

Task 1

Answer the questions:

a) Give a definition of motion.
b) Give quantities describing motion of the body.
c) List factors hindering motion of the body.

Answer:

a) Motion consists in changing the position of the body relative to the selected object. This change takes place in time.

b) The basic physical quantities describing the body in motion are: trajectory, displacement, distance, velocity and acceleration of the body.

c) The motion of the body is hindered by air resistance, friction, and other friction forces.

Proceduremac30f2d15c2b3488_1528446435040_0Procedure

[Slideshow]

The following conclusions can be drawn from the presented slides:

1. The ball at the initial moment had the maximum speed.
2. The speed of the ball decreased because at regular intervals the distance travelled by the ball was smaller and smaller.
3. The motion of the ball was a decelerated motion.
4. The ball stopped after four seconds of motion.
5. The reason for stopping were contact interactions which counteracted the motion of the ball.
6. The forces of contact interactions which counteracted the motion of the ball are called the forces of resistance to motion (frictionfrictionfriction forces).

Definition:

All moving bodies in our environment encounter forces that counteract their motion. They may, for example, be the result of resistance of a medium in which the body is moving, or friction between the surface and the moving body. We define them with one common name - resistance to motion.

Experiment 1

Study what factors the forces of resistance to motion depends on.

Requisites:
- bread cutting board,
- deep bowl with water.

Instruction:
Pour water into the bowl.
1. Place the board perpendicular to the surface of the water and then immerse it in water.
2. Start slowly moving it in direction perpendicular to its surface.
3. Move the board faster and faster.
4. Set the board parallel to the water surface, then immerse it.
5. Start moving the board parallel to the water surface.
6. Perform similar experiment in the air.

Observations:
When you move the immersed board faster and faster, the resistance of the water becomes larger and larger. When you move the board perpendicular to the water surface, you feel greater resistance to motionresistance to motionresistance to motion than if you placed the board parallel. In the air, the experiment has similar result - only the resistance of the air is smaller.

Conclusion:

Resistance to motion:
- increases as the speed of the body increases relative to the medium,
- depends on the shape of the body,
- are larger in liquids than in gases,
- depends on the density of the medium in which the body moves.

Task 2

Which answer is true?

The plane flies without changing speed or height. The engines push it forward with a force of 150 kN. What is the magnitude of the force of resistance to motion F caused by the air resistance?

a) F > 150 kN.
b) F < 150 kN.
c) F = 150 kN.

Answer:

a) False.
b) False.
c) True.

Task 3

The parachute jumper falls in uniform motion. The weight of the parachute jumper together with the parachute is 800 N. What is the magnitude of the force of air resistance?

Draw the forces acting on the jumper.

Answer:

[Illustration 1]

The cause of the jumper movement towards the Earth is the gravitational interaction, which manifests itself as the jumper's weight. At the beginning, the movement is uniformly accelerated, and then uniform. In order for the jumper to move in a uniform motion, the force of air resistance F should be equal to the weight of the jumper Q. The direction of the resistance force should be opposite to the weight of the jumper, the magnitude of both forces should be the same.mac30f2d15c2b3488_1527752263647_0The cause of the jumper movement towards the Earth is the gravitational interaction, which manifests itself as the jumper's weight. At the beginning, the movement is uniformly accelerated, and then uniform. In order for the jumper to move in a uniform motion, the force of air resistance F should be equal to the weight of the jumper Q. The direction of the resistance force should be opposite to the weight of the jumper, the magnitude of both forces should be the same.
Q = F = 800 N.

Task 4

Give an example of a mechanical device in which you can change the resistance to motion by changing its shape.

Answer:

The jet aircraft during landing opens the brakingbrakingbraking flaps and opens the braking parachute, which increases its resistance to motion relative to the air.

Lesson summarymac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Resistance to motionresistance to motionResistance to motion:

- increases as the speed of the body increases relative to the medium,
- depends on the shape of the body,
- are larger in liquids than in gases,
- depends on the density of the medium in which the body moves.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

accelerationaccelerationacceleration

brakingbrakingbraking

decelerationdecelerationdeceleration

displacementdisplacementdisplacement

frictionfrictionfriction

interactioninteractioninteraction

resistance to motionresistance to motionresistance to motion

stopstopstop

trajectorytrajectorytrajectory

velocityvelocityvelocity

mac30f2d15c2b3488_1527752263647_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1527752256679_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449000663_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449084556_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449076687_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449068082_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449523725_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449552113_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450430307_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449534267_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528449514617_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450127855_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528446435040_0
mac30f2d15c2b3488_1528450119332_0
resistance to motion1
resistance to motion

opory ruchu

R1VQfc8v0wup01
wymowa w języku angielskim: resistance to motion
friction1
friction

tarcie

R171ayTlnqvbL1
wymowa w języku angielskim: friction
braking1
braking

hamowanie

R1BnHQsu20O901
wymowa w języku angielskim: braking
acceleration1
acceleration

przyspieszenie

RhatKrDhrVEo11
wymowa w języku angielskim: acceleration
deceleration1
deceleration

opóźnienie

R2XG6pbNwbYmu1
wymowa w języku angielskim: deceleration
displacement1
displacement

przemieszczenie

R1R8ir2puD4ab1
wymowa w języku angielskim: displacement
interaction1
interaction

oddziaływanie

R1pBOxyn2rQ251
wymowa w języku angielskim: interaction
stop1
stop

zatrzymanie się

RID67B9Ld6x3C1
wymowa w języku angielskim: stop
trajectory1
trajectory

tor ruchu

R1NHy5wiuRuYA1
wymowa w języku angielskim: trajectory
velocity1
velocity

prędkość

RV1yJ9J3lPFMz1
wymowa w języku angielskim: velocity