Topicmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449000663_0Topic

Balance of forces. Resultant force

Levelmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

I. Using concepts and physical quantities to describe phenomena and to identify their examples in the surrounding world.

II. Motion and forces. The student:

10) uses the concept of force as a directed action (vector); indicates the magnitude, direction and orientation of the force vector; uses a force unit;

11) recognizes and names forces, gives examples of them in various practical situations (forces: gravity, pressure, resilience, resistance to movement);

12) determines and draws the resultant force for forces of equal directions; describes and draws forces that are balancing.

Timingmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Using the notions of the resultant force and balancing forces.

Key competencesmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Identifying of the presence of balanced forces in various practical situations.

2. Determining the value of the resultant force obtained by combining the component forces acting on the body.

Operational (detailed) goalsmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- identifying balanced forces,

- presenting the resultant forceresultant forceresultant force graphically.

Methodsmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning through observation.

Forms of workmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Work with the whole class.

Lesson stages

Introductionmb9cf319eb6acd164_1528450127855_0Introduction

Answer the introductory questions.

1. What is a force?

2. Is a force a vector? Justify your answer.

3. Name the vector properties.

4. Define the direction and orientation of the vector and indicate the differences between them.

Proceduremb9cf319eb6acd164_1528446435040_0Procedure

Let's talk about the situation of everyday life. For some reasons, the boy wants to move the wardrobe.

[Illustration 1]

The force, exerted by the men on the wardrobe while it is being moved, is attached to the wardrobe. It is green in the figure.

The situation changes when a friend comes to help us.

[Illustration 2]

When two persons are pushing the wardrobe, an additional force acts. It is applied to the same body, it is placed on the same straight line and has the same orientation as the force with which only one person works.

Let's talk about the example:

If we assume that the force exerted by the first person was 200 N, and 250 N by the other one- then the effect of their common effort would be the same as if one person pushed the wardrobe with the force of 450 N. In this case two forces can be replaced by one force, which is their sum.

[Illustration 3]

The resultant forceresultant forceresultant force has the same effect as the two component forces

The resultant force is the sum of vectors of all the forces acting on the body.

[Illustration 4]

The weight of the sportsman (blue vector) is balanced by the sum of two forces acting on his hands (green vectors) and coming from the gymnastic devicemb9cf319eb6acd164_1527752263647_0The weight of the sportsman (blue vector) is balanced by the sum of two forces acting on his hands (green vectors) and coming from the gymnastic device

Definition of resultant force:

The resultant force that replaces the action of several component forces acting on a given body and causes the same effect as they are all exerts is called the net force.
Individual forces are called component forces.
If the forces acting on the body are balanced then the resultant force, which is their sum, equals 0 N.
mb9cf319eb6acd164_1527752256679_0The resultant force that replaces the action of several component forces acting on a given body and causes the same effect as they are all exerts is called the net force.
Individual forces are called component forces.
If the forces acting on the body are balanced then the resultant force, which is their sum, equals 0 N.

Task 1

a) Watch slideshow „adding vectors”.

[Slideshow]

b) Fill the table.

[Table 1]

Task 2

Choose the correct sentence

The balance of forcesbalance of forcesbalance of forces means that:

a) Two forces are always balanced when they have the same values.

b) The resultant forceresultant forceresultant force has a value, which is different from 0 N.

c) The sum of vectors of component forces equals 0 N.

d) The sum of the forces acting on the body equals 0 N.

Answer:

a) False. b) False. c) True. d) True.

Task 3

Draw two force vectors acting on the body in the same direction which are not balancing.

a) Give four properties of these vectors

b) Calculate the value of the resultant force which is acting on the body.

Task 4

Draw three force vectors acting on the body in the same direction which are applied in the following ways:

a) the resultant forceresultant forceresultant force vector is 0 N, or

b) the resultant force is greater than 0 N.

Specify the properties of component forces that fulfil both conditions.

Task 5

Draw two vectors of forces applied to two different bodies. The vectors of these forces have the same direction but opposite orientations.

Answer the questions:

a) Does the resultant force of these two vectors have the value of 0 N?

b) Are they balancing forces?

Lesson summarymb9cf319eb6acd164_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

In the case when forces with the same directions and orientations act on a given body, then the value of the resultant force is the sum of the values of constituent forces. If the orientations of the constituent forces are opposite, the resultant force is the difference in the values of constituent forces. If the forces acting on the body are balancing himself, the resultant force which is their sum is equal to 0 N. Only the forces applied to the same body can be balanced.

If the constituent forces operate in any directions and orientations, we determine the resultant force by drawing a diagonal parallelogram, whose sides are the vectors of constituent forces. The origins of vectors should be placed in the same vertex of the parallelogram.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

balance of forcesbalance of forcesbalance of forces

net forcenet forcenet force

resultant forceresultant forceresultant force

equilibrationequilibrationequilibration

balancing forcesbalancing forcesbalancing forces

exerts onexerts onexerts on

pushpushpush

pullpullpull

interactioninteractioninteraction

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