Topicm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449000663_0Topic

The phenomenonphenomenonphenomenon of the light dispersion. White light as the mixture of colours. DispersiondispersionDispersion of white lightwhite lightwhite light

Levelm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

IX. Optics. The student:

10) describes white lightwhite lightwhite light as a mixture of colours and illustrates this by splitting the light in a prismprismprism; lists other examples of light splitting.

Timingm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Recognise the phenomenonphenomenonphenomenon of the light dispersiondispersiondispersion.

Key competencesm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Describe the process of the light splitting in a prismprismprism.

2. Determine the spectrumspectrumspectrum of white lightwhite lightwhite light.

Operational (detailed) goalsm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- describe how the light rays pass through a prismprismprism,

- recognise the basic colours and the cause of their formation.

Methodsm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion.

2. Experiment.

Forms of workm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm90b1a2387461f9b3_1528450127855_0Introduction

Revision:

- Formulate the laws of the light reflectionreflectionreflection and refractionrefractionrefraction.

Procedurem90b1a2387461f9b3_1528446435040_0Procedure

Experiment

Title: 
Colours in CDs

Research problem:
What do the CD with white lightwhite lightwhite light?

Hypothesis: 
The CD split white light into a bunch of colours.

Materials: 
- CD or DVD plate, 
- different sources of light (sunlight, street lights, bike light, bulb), 
- a bright wall or a piece of white paper.

Instructions:
1. (If the day is very cloudy and dark, skip this point). Place the CD in the sunlight and observe how the reflections of white lightwhite lightwhite light look like. Redirect the reflected light at a wall or a piece of paper. Write down your observation to the notebook.
2. Place the CD under an artificial source of light, change the angle of its inclination a bit and get an idea of what it looks like. Do the same thing with each of your light sources and compare the results.

Observation:
A CD shines with all rainbow colours.

Dispersion of light:
White light is made up of a mixture of the colours of the rainbow. You can split these colours using a CD which will reflect different colours of light in different directions. If you look at different parts of the CD the light is reflected at different angles so you see different colours.
A CD (or DVD) has a mirrored surface called the lands. On the land are many pits formed into a spiral‑shaped track. These pits are so small that are for our bare eyes invisible. The pits are a bit deeper as the land and they are responsible for the formation of the rainbow observed in the experiment you made
m90b1a2387461f9b3_1527752263647_0Dispersion of light:
White light is made up of a mixture of the colours of the rainbow. You can split these colours using a CD which will reflect different colours of light in different directions. If you look at different parts of the CD the light is reflected at different angles so you see different colours.
A CD (or DVD) has a mirrored surface called the lands. On the land are many pits formed into a spiral‑shaped track. These pits are so small that are for our bare eyes invisible. The pits are a bit deeper as the land and they are responsible for the formation of the rainbow observed in the experiment you made
.

[Illustration 1]

[Illustration 2]

The same phenomenonphenomenonphenomenon is observed as light passes through a triangulartriangulartriangular prism. Upon passage through the prismprismprism, white light is separated into several components – known as primary colours: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. The separation of the white lightwhite lightwhite light into its different colours is known as dispersiondispersiondispersion. Each part of the light spectrumspectrumspectrum travels with a different speed in the medium and therefore has a different deflectiondeflectiondeflection angle.

Definition
Deviation angle - a ray of light is refracted twice in a prism. The sum of the deflections from the primary direction is known as the deviation angle.m90b1a2387461f9b3_1527752256679_0Deviation angle - a ray of light is refracted twice in a prism. The sum of the deflections from the primary direction is known as the deviation angle.

Definition
PrismprismPrism – a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light. Usually has a form of a triangulartriangulartriangular prism.

Definition
Primary colours - the primary colours are red, green and blue, symbolically labelled as RGB.

Definition
Rainbow colours – the rainbow colours are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.

[Illustration interactive]

Task
Draw a picture shown below into your notebook. Order the colours on the screen starting from the least refracted one. Check your results with the solution.

[Illustration 3]

Solution:

[Illustration 4]

Lesson summarym90b1a2387461f9b3_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The separation of white light in a prism into several components is called dispersion.
The largest angle of deviation has the violet colour, the smallest the red colour. The dispersion takes place twice: once when the white light enters the prism and again when it lefts the prism. The dispersion of light explains many natural phenomena i.e. the formation of a rainbow.
m90b1a2387461f9b3_1527712094602_0The separation of white light in a prism into several components is called dispersion.
The largest angle of deviation has the violet colour, the smallest the red colour. The dispersion takes place twice: once when the white light enters the prism and again when it lefts the prism. The dispersion of light explains many natural phenomena i.e. the formation of a rainbow.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

deflectiondeflectiondeflection

deviation angledeviation angledeviation angle

dispersiondispersiondispersion

phenomenonphenomenonphenomenon

prismprismprism

reflectionreflectionreflection

refractionrefractionrefraction

spectrumspectrumspectrum

triangulartriangulartriangular

white lightwhite lightwhite light

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rozszczepienie

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światło białe

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pryzmat

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widmo

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odbicie

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załamanie

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trójkątny

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odchylenie

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kąt odchylenia

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