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The world is full of different professions. Some of them are extremely popular while the others not so much. A good example of the latter are horse whisperers. Have you ever heard of this occupation? Can you tell what a horse whisperer does? The chances are that you can’t, but don’t worry! The text in this section will help you familiarise yourself with this elusive profession.

Świat jest pełen różnych zawodów. Niektóre z nich cieszą się ogromną popularnością, a inne niekoniecznie. Do tych ostatnich należy profesja zaklinacza koni. Czy słyszałeś/słyszałaś kiedyś o tym zawodzie? Potrafisz powiedzieć, co robi zaklinacz lub zaklinaczka koni? Być może nie, ale nie martw się! Tekst w tej sekcji pomoże ci zapoznać się z tym wymykającym się jednoznacznej klasyfikacji zawodem.

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What does a horse whisperer do?
Czym zajmuje się zaklinacz/zaklinaczka koni?
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.unsplash.com [dostęp 29.08.2022], domena publiczna.
Exercise 1
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Match words with their definitions. non-verbal cue Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character bond with Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character gentle Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character break the horse Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character saddle Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character body language Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated, 2. a seat fastened on the back of a horse, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear, 3. form a relationship based on love or shared beliefs and experiences, 4. a signal that people use to communicate with one another without using language, 5. train the horse to be ridden, 6. having or showing a mild, kind, or tender temperament or character
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Read the text about the profession of horse whisperer and then do the tasks.

Horse Whisperers
Zuzanna Kościuk Horse Whisperers

Horse whispering sounds like something straight out ofstraight out of (sth)straight out of a fantasy film, but it’s in fact quite mundanequite mundanequite mundane. Horse whisperershorse whisperers [horse whisperer]Horse whisperers are nothing more than horse trainers who’ve masteredmastered [master]mastered a specific type of communication with those fascinating animals. As a horse whisperer, I’m more than happy to explain my profession to you.

In the wildin the wildIn the wild, horses use body languagebody languagebody language to interact with each other. As such, very observantobservantobservant people can tell how the horses feel just by their actions. Unlike humans, they hardly ever rely on sounds and instead, use the equivalent ofequivalent ofequivalent of human gestures or posturespostures [posture]postures to show their emotions. For example, did you know that horse’s ears can tell a whole story? The way they move or the direction in which they point show a horse whisperer how the horse feels and thus, how to approach it.

When I was starting my career, I saddledsaddled [saddle] (verb)saddled a horse and saw him move his ears backward a few times. I remember thinking “he insisted he was willing to work with me!” Then, a more experienced trainer approached us, pointed at the horse, and said “He asked you to pay attention to his condition.” As it turned out, the horse was in a bit of pain and the non‑verbal cues were very subtle and similar to another emotion!

Following those signssigns [sign]signs makes training and working with horses much easier. They are intelligent animals who recognise when someone tries to communicate with them. At the same time, however, they strongly rely on their instincts, especially the herdherdherd instinct, so being aware of that helps too. Horse whisperers use their knowledge to build trust and later bond withbond with somebodybond with an animal. Their approachapproach approach is calm, gentlegentlegentle, and respectful. Instead of “breaking” the horsebreaking the horse [break a horse]breaking” the horse to make it submitmake it submit [make one submit]make it submit, they try to make it feel understood.

When are the horse whisperers the most useful? Usually in a situation where a horse has behavioural issuesbehavioural issues [behavioural issue]behavioural issues and needs specific adjustmentsspecific adjustments [specific adjustment]specific adjustments. A horse whisperer can identify the problemidentify the problemidentify the problem and fix it. Furthermore, horse whisperers are great trainers of young horses. They can teach them how to work under a saddlesaddlesaddle. Horse owners who are having issues with their mountsmounts [mount]mounts or simply want to strengthenstrengthenstrengthen the bond between themselves and their animals greatly appreciate horse whisperers. That’s because even small issues may lead to distrustdistrustdistrust and limitlimitlimit what one can do with their horse.

One time, a ranch ownerranch ownerranch owner begged me to do something about his beloved stallionstallionstallion. Apparently, he stopped listening to commandscommands [command]commands and refused to ride at all. I asked the owner to give me some time with the mount. I knew I could make him willing to work again and you know what? I did! He just needed a few whispering sessions to let go oflet go of somethinglet go of his distrust.

As you can see, horse whisperers are useful to have around!

1 Źródło: Zuzanna Kościuk, licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 2
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 3
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Read the text again and drag the words/ phrases to fill in the gaps. Note: there are two words or phrases that you do not need. 1. Horse whisperers are observant people who read horses’ 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures to establish how the animals feel.
2. Unlike people, horses rely on such non-verbal cues as 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures instead of using sounds to communicate.
3. Horse whisperers are against breaking horses because the process 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures instead of making them bond with the trainer.
4. Horses with 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures can greatly benefit from working with horse whisperers.
5. When a horse doesn’t trust you, it greatly 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures what you can do with it.
6. Horse whisperers make the horses follow 1. makes them submit, 2. specific adjustments, 3. body language, 4. signals, 5. commands, 6. limits, 7. behavioural issues, 8. postures without making them submissive.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4

Who are horse whisperers and what do they do? Share what you’ve just learnt in your own words using 4–5 sentences.

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
GRAMATYKA

Reported Ordersprzytaczanie rozkazów i zakazów

Mowy zależnej możemy użyć, aby przytoczyć rozkaz. Używamy wtedy następującego schematu:

czasownik wprowadzający* + osoba, do której mówiono + bezokolicznik (z to) lub gerund (czasownik z końcówką -ing) + reszta zdania

Przykłady:

He told me to leave the room immediately.

She asked me to wake her up at 5 a.m. sharp.

W przypadku zdań przeczących/ zakazów używamy kolejno takich elementów:

czasownik wprowadzający* + osoba, do której mówiono + not/never + bezokolicznik (z to) lub gerund (czasownik z końcówką -ing) + reszta zdania

He told me not to leave the room without his permission.

She asked me not to wake her up before noon.

Tych samych struktur w mowie zależnej użyjemy do przytaczania instrukcji, sugestii, propozycji lub ostrzeżeń.

Czasowniki wprowadzające to najczęściej ask sb to do sth lub tell sb to do sth, ale możemy też użyć czasowników takich jak:

command (sb to do sth)rozkazać (komuś coś zrobić)

order (sb to do sth)nakazać (komuś coś zrobić)

forbid (sb to do sth)zakazać (komuś coś zrobić)

warn (sb to do sth)ostrzec (kogoś przed zrobieniem czegoś)

advise (sb against doing sth, sb against sth, sb that, sb + not to -inf)doradzić (komuś, żeby czegoś nie robił)

beg (sb to do sth)błagać (kogoś o zrobienie czegoś)

demand (sb to do sth)żądać (aby ktoś coś zrobił)

instruct (sb to do sth)zalecać (komuś zrobienie czegoś)

insist (on sb doing sth, that sb do sth)nalegać (aby ktoś coś zrobił)

teach (sb to do sth)uczyć (kogoś robienia czegoś)

Przykłady:

“Get out the car!” my mother said to me. – My mother told me to get out of the car.

“Visit your grandma tomorrow,” my dad said to me. – My dad asked me to visit my grandma the next day/the following day.

The doctor said to me, “Stop smoking!” – The doctor commanded me to stop smoking.

“Drop the gun!” he said to the robber. – He ordered the robber to drop the gun.

“You can’t see your friends,” her mother told her. – Her mother forbade her to see her friends.

“Don’t go near the sea,” she told her children. – She warned her children not to go near the sea.

He said to me, “Talk to Jane about this issue.” – He advised me to talk to Jane about that issue.

“Don’t do this,” she said to him. – She begged him not to do that.

The client said, “Give me a refund.” – The client demanded to be given a refund.

“Don’t go near wild animals,” the guide said to them. – The guide instructed them not to go near the wild animals.

“Come to my birthday party,” she said to me. – She insisted on my coming to her birthday party./She insisted on me coming to her birthday party./She insisted (that) I come to her birthday party. (formal)

“Never mix these two chemicals,” our teacher told us. – Our teacher taught us to never mix those two chemicals.

Jak zapewne zauważyłeś/zauważyłaś, w przypadku przytaczania rozkazów nie dochodzi do następstwa czasów. Należy jednak pamiętać o dostosowaniu zaimków i określników miejsca oraz czasu.

Zaimki

Przykłady:

Theresa said to me “Join my team.” – Theresa asked me to join her team.

The parents said to us, “Watch our dogs.” – The parents told us to watch their dogs.

Zaimki wskazujące

Przykłady:

“Don’t do this,” he said to her. – He begged her not to do that.

Mr. Smith said, “Don’t touch these maps.” – Mr. Smith said to not touch those maps.

Określenia czasu

My father said to me, “Stay at home tomorrow.” – My father ordered me to stay at home the next day/the following day.

“Start doing the task right now,” our teacher told us. – Our teacher asked us to start doing the task right then.

Wszystkie określenia czasu:

now → then, at that time/at once/immediately

today → that day

yesterday → the day before/the previous day

tomorrow → the next day/the following day

at the moment → at that moment

this month → that month

next month → the next month/the following month

last week → the week before

ago → before

Exercise 5
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In each sentence, choose the correct word. 1. “Don’t open my door,” he said to me.
He asked me not to open hismy door.
2. “At the moment, stay here,” she said to us.
He told us to stay herethere at that moment.
3. “Don’t try this at home,” he told the group.
He told the group not to try thisthat at home.
4. “Come to my movie night,” she said to me.
She insisted on me coming to hermy movie night.
5 “Come to the training next week,” my coach told me.
My coach instructed me to come to the training the following weeknext week.
6. “Open the door right now,” she told him.
She ordered him to open the door right nowimmediately.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 6
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Finish the sentences with the correct forms of the reported orders. 1. “Don’t touch the switch,” he told his partner. He ordered his partner Tu uzupełnij. 2. “Stop eating sweets,” my mother told me. My mother asked me Tu uzupełnij. 3. He said to me, “Join us for the match tomorrow.” He insisted that Tu uzupełnij. 4. “Give my book back,” he told my sister. He ordered my sister Tu uzupełnij. 5. “Don’t go near the animals’ cages,” the zookeeper told us. The zookeeper advised Tu uzupełnij. 6. “Quit procrastinating so much,” my father told my brother. My father told my brother Tu uzupełnij.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Słownik

approach
approach

/ əˈprəʊtʃ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

podejście do czegoś

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
behavioural issues [behavioural issue]
behavioural issues [behavioural issue]

/ bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˈɪʃuːz / / bɪˈheɪvjərəl ˈɪʃuː /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

problemy behawioralne [problem behawioralny] (an issue with one’s behaviour)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
body language
body language

/ ˈbɒdi ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

język ciała (the conscious and unconscious movements and postures by which attitudes and feelings are communicated)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
bond with somebody
bond with somebody

/ ˈbɒnd wɪð ˈsʌmbədi /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

nawiązać z kimś więź, stworzyć z kimś silną więź

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
breaking the horse [break a horse]
breaking the horse [break a horse]

/ ˈbreɪkɪŋ ðə hɔːs / / ˈbreɪk ə hɔːs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ujeździć (make the horse let itself be ridden)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
commands [command]
commands [command]

/ kəˈmɑːndz / / kəˈmɑːnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

polecenia [polecenie]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
distrust
distrust

/ dɪsˈtrʌst /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

brak zaufania

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
equivalent of
equivalent of

/ ɪˈkwɪvələnt ɒv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

odpowiednik (czegoś)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
gentle
gentle

/ ˈdʒentl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

delikatny/delikatna

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
herd
herd

/ hɜːd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

stado (a large group of animals, especially hoofed mammals, that live together or are kept together as livestock)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
horse whisperers [horse whisperer]
horse whisperers [horse whisperer]

/ hɔ:s ˈwɪspərəz / / hɔ:s ˈwɪspərə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zaklinacze koni [zaklinacz/zaklinaczka koni]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
horse whispering
horse whispering

/ hɔ:s ˈwɪspərɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zaklinanie koni

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
identify the problem
identify the problem

/ aɪˈdentɪfaɪ ðə ˈprɒbləm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

rozpoznać problem

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
in the wild
in the wild

/ ɪn ðə waɪld /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

na wolności, w naturalnym środowisku

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
let go of something
let go of something

/ ˈlet ˈɡəʊ əv ˈsʌmthetaɪŋ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pozbyć się czegoś, odpuścić

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
limit
limit

/ ˈlɪmɪt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ograniczyć

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
make it submit [make one submit]
make it submit [make one submit]

/ ˈmeɪk ˈɪt səbˈmɪt / / ˈmeɪk wʌn səbˈmɪt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

sprawić, że się podporządkuje [sprawić, że ktoś się podporządkuje]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
mastered [master]
mastered [master]

/ ˈmɑːstəd / / ˈmɑːstə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

opanował/opanowała [opanować] (wiedzę)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
mounts [mount]
mounts [mount]

/ maʊnts / / maʊnt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wierzchowce, konie [wierzchowiec, koń]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
non‑verbal cues [non‑verbal cue]
non‑verbal cues [non‑verbal cue]

/ ˌnɒn ˈvɜːbl̩ kjuːz / / ˌnɒn ˈvɜːbl̩ kjuː /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wskazówki niewerbalne [wskazówka niewerbalna] (bez użycia słów)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
observant
observant

/ əbˈzɜːvənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: spostrzegawczy/spostrzegawcza

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
postures [posture]
postures [posture]

/ ˈpɒstʃəz / / ˈpɒstʃə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

postawy [postawa]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
ranch owner
ranch owner

/ rɑːntʃ ˈəʊnə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

właściciel/właścicielka rancza

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
quite mundane
quite mundane

/ kwaɪt mʌnˈdeɪn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

całkiem przyziemne

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
saddle
saddle

/ ˈsædl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

siodło (a seat fastened on the back of a horse or other animal for riding, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
saddled [saddle] (verb)
saddled [saddle] (verb)

/ ˈsædl̩d / / ˈsædl̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dosiadłem/dosiadłam konia [dosiąść konia]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
signs [sign]
signs [sign]

/ saɪnz / / saɪn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

sygnały [sygnał]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
specific adjustments [specific adjustment]
specific adjustments [specific adjustment]

/ spəˈsɪfɪk əˈdʒʌstmənts / / spəˈsɪfɪk əˈdʒʌstmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

określone drobne zmiany [określona drobna zmiana]

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
stallion
stallion

/ ˈstælɪən /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

ogier (an uncastrated adult male horse)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
straight out of (sth)
straight out of (sth)

/ streɪt aʊt ɒv /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

prosto z (czegoś)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
strengthen
strengthen

/ ˈstreŋthetan̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

umacniać

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY‑SA 3.0

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.