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The picture below shows a drone spraying fertiliser over the field. How can drones be useful in different areas of life? Read the text below to find out.

Na poniższym zdjęciu widać drona rozpylającego nawóz nad polem. W jaki sposób drony mogą się przydać w różnych dziedzinach życia? Przeczytaj tekst, aby się tego dowiedzieć.

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Drones can look after crops
Drony mogą dbać o uprawy
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 10.08.2022], domena publiczna.
Exercise 1
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Complete the crossword with the names of different areas in which drones are used. Find a hidden word.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Drones At Your Service!
Dorota Giżyńska Drones At Your Service!

There are several sectors that can benefit frombenefit frombenefit from drones. They are giving people access to locations that are hazardoushazardoushazardous and occasionally beyond human reach. Drone use will become more widespreadwidespreadwidespread as regulatory restrictions start to loosen. As drone technology advances and develops, drones will also become safer and more dependable. How are drones being used in different areas of our lives?

A.

Drones provide a revolutionary bird's‑eyebird’s eyebird's‑eye view, flying closer to the ground than a helicopter ever could. The spectacular images and movies that drones can create are what initially drew the attention of the majority of people. However, drones are now being used for aerialaerialaerial filming in the media, journalism, and film industries. Compared to hiring a helicopter, which requires a pilot and a film crew, drones are a considerably more affordable choice.

B.

Drones can detectdetectdetect continuing hazardshazards [hazard]hazards, find victims who are trapped and injured, and examine the damage during natural, or man‑made catastrophes without endangering the safety of the rescue team and involving extra costs. Drones have gained significant attention for their assistance in the recoveryrecoveryrecovery operations following Hurricane Harvey and in assessingassessing [assess]assessing the scopescopescope of the California wildfires.

C.

Precise field monitoring is possible thanks to drones. Farmers may focus on the regions that need care by using a crop management system to detect, evaluateevaluateevaluate, and take action when it comes to individual plants. As a result, land management is easier and better and farmers may enjoy higher total yieldsyields [yield] (noun)yields. Pesticidespesticides [pesticide]Pesticides and herbicidesherbicides [herbicide]herbicides may also be applied to plants using drones. They may also be used to examine the health of plants and look for early disease symptoms.

D.

The large and intricateintricateintricate infrastructure needed by the unrefined petroleum and natural gas sectors may be very challenging to overseeoverseeoversee. With the use of drones, engineers on land may scan the area for safety issues, spot spillsspills [spill] (noun)spills, and patrol their rigsrigs [rig]rigs for signs of intrusionintrusionintrusion. Drones are useful for pipeline route design because they can provide accurate topographical and landscape maps of the area. Infrared sensorsinfrared sensors [infrared sensor]Infrared sensors on drones may also detect increased temperature along the pipeline, indicating a possible leakleakleak. Additionally, drones can be equipped with sensors which can detect different malfunctionsmalfunctions [malfunction]malfunctions.

E.

Drones are capable of looking for any indications of risks to animal species, including deforestation, hunters, criminal organisations, and poachers. They can also identify endangered animals and monitor their migration. Additionally, drones are utilisedutilised [utilise]utilised to monitor shorelines and marine life. In order to protect surfers and swimmers from attacks, they are employedemployed [employ]employed to identify sharks. They also enable researchers to learn more about our seas and marine flora and fauna by monitoring whales and gathering DNA samples.

1 Źródło: Dorota Giżyńska, dostępny w internecie: https://www.911security.com/blog/drones-can-be-used-for-good [dostęp 13.07.2022], https://www.ctia.org/news/up-up-and-away-how-do-drones-work [dostęp 13.07.2022], licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 2
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Study the text and match the headlines with the correct paragraphs. A Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Photography, 2. Wildlife, 3. Disaster relief, 4. Oil industry, 5. Agriculture B  Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Photography, 2. Wildlife, 3. Disaster relief, 4. Oil industry, 5. Agriculture C  Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Photography, 2. Wildlife, 3. Disaster relief, 4. Oil industry, 5. Agriculture D  Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Photography, 2. Wildlife, 3. Disaster relief, 4. Oil industry, 5. Agriculture E  Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Photography, 2. Wildlife, 3. Disaster relief, 4. Oil industry, 5. Agriculture
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 3
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Based on the information from the text, decide which sentences refer to which paragraphs (A–E). There is usually more than one correct answer in each sentence.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4
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Read the texts again and choose the word which is similar in meaning to the word/phrase in bold. 1. If something is hazardous, it is
a) dangerous
b) safe
c) distant.

2. When you describe something as intricate, it is
a) obvious
b) basic
c) sophisticated.

3. When there is a malfunction in a machine, it means that
a) the machine works with high accuracy.
b) the machine is not working properly
c) the machine has a lot of extra functions.

4. When you evaluate something, you
a) remove it
b) control it
c) judge it.

5. An example of intrusion may be
a) evacuation
b) assistance
c) trespassing.

6. If you utilise something, you
a) disconnect it
b) use it
c) allow it.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 5
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Read the sentences and choose the correct answer. 1. Some people say that the use of drones can be widespread hazardous when used inappropriately.

2. The aerial infrared picture taken with the use of a drone won an international award.

3. Drones can be utilised to spray pesticides herbicides to kill weed.

4. Oil companies find drones very useful on their oil rigs spills to scan the area for safety issues.

5. The police use drones to oversee detect the crowd during outdoor events to make sure the participants are safe.

6. Rescue teams can use drones to monitor the leak scope of damage caused by a natural disaster.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 6

Answer the questions. Write 2–3 sentences.

  1. Which area mentioned in the text will, in your opinion, drones be mostly used for in the future? Why?

  2. In what way could other industries such as firefighting and law enforcement benefit from using drones?

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Słownik

aerial
aerial

/ ˈeəriəl /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

powietrzny/powietrzna (operated in the air)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
assessing [assess]
assessing [assess]

/ əˈsesɪŋ / / əˈses /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

oszacowując [oszacowywać] (evaluate)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
benefit from
benefit from

/ ˈbenɪfɪt frɒm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

czerpać korzyść z czegoś (take advantage of)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
bird’s eye
bird’s eye

/ ˈbɜ:dz eɪ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

z lotu ptaka (from a great height)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
detect
detect

/ dɪˈtekt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wykrywać (discover)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
disaster relief
disaster relief

/ dɪˈzɑːstə rɪˈliːf /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pomoc w przypadku klęsk żywiołowych (instant help in case of natural disasters)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
employed [employ]
employed [employ]

/ ɪmˈplɔɪd / / ɪmˈploɪ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: wykorzystywany/wykorzystywana [wykorzystywać] (used)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
evaluate
evaluate

/ ɪˈvæljʊeɪt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

oceniać (determine the value of sth)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
hazardous
hazardous

/ ˈhæzədəs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

niebezpieczny/niebezpieczna (dangerous)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
hazards [hazard]
hazards [hazard]

/ ˈhæzədz / / ˈhæzəd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

niebezpieczeństwa [niebezpieczeństwo] (danger)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
herbicides [herbicide]
herbicides [herbicide]

/ ˈhɜːbɪsaɪdz / / ˈhɜːbɪsaɪd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

środki chwastobójcze [środek chwastobójczy] (chemicals that are used to destroy unwanted plants)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
infrared sensors [infrared sensor]
infrared sensors [infrared sensor]

/ ˌɪnfrəˈred ˈsensəz / / ˌɪnfrəˈred ˈsensə /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

czujniki podczerwieni [czujnik podczerwieni] (electronic device used to measure and detect infrared radiation)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
intricate
intricate

/ ˈɪntrɪkət /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

skomplikowany/skomplikowana, zawiły/zawiła (complicated)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
intrusion
intrusion

/ ɪnˈtruːʒn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wtargnięcie (the act of going somewhere where you’re unwanted)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
law enforcement
law enforcement

/ ˌlɔ: ɪnˈfɔːsmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

służby ochrony porządku publicznego (authorities that make sure that people obey the law)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
leak
leak

/ liːk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyciek (loss of oil or gas through the hole)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
malfunctions [malfunction]
malfunctions [malfunction]

/ ˌmælˈfʌŋkʃn̩z / / ˌmælˈfʌŋkʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

awarie [awaria] (failure)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
oversee
oversee

/ ˌəʊvəˈsiː /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

nadzorować (supervise)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
pesticides [pesticide]
pesticides [pesticide]

/ ˈpestɪsaɪdz / / ˈpestɪsaɪd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

środki owadobójcze [środek owadobójczy] (chemicals that are used to destroy unwanted insects)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
recovery
recovery

/ rɪˈkʌvəri /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: ratunek (rescue)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
rigs [rig]
rigs [rig]

/ rɪɡz / / rɪɡ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: platformy wiertnicze [platforma wiertnicza] (a structure with equipment for drilling e.g. an oil well)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
scope 
scope 

/ skəʊp /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zakres (extend of an subject or area)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
spills [spill] (noun)
spills [spill] (noun)

/ spɪlz / / spɪl /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wycieki [wyciek] (leak)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
utilised [utilise]
utilised [utilise]

/ ˈjuːtɪlaɪzd / / ˈjuːtɪlaɪz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wykorzystywany/wykorzystywana [wykorzystywać] (used)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
widespread
widespread

/ ˈwaɪdspred /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

rozpowszechniony/rozpowszechniona (widely used)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
yields [yield] (noun)
yields [yield] (noun)

/ jiːldz / / jiːld /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

tu: zyski [zysk] (benefits)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY‑SA 3.0

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
scope
scope

/ skəʊp /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zakres (extend of an subject or area)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe