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Exercise 1

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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 2

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Group the elements according to whether they refer to weather modification or natural weather phenomena. 1. Weather modification Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. suppress, 2. ward off, 3. electrical charge, 4. precipitation, 5. droplet, 6. condensation, 7. seed, 8. disperse, 9. induce, 10. particle 2. Natural weather phenomena Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. suppress, 2. ward off, 3. electrical charge, 4. precipitation, 5. droplet, 6. condensation, 7. seed, 8. disperse, 9. induce, 10. particle

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 3

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Pick the right synonym to each expression related to weather and climate. 1. Droughts have become one of the most serious problems in developing countries.
a) rainfall
b) dehydration
c) thunderstorm
2. In order to induce rain, some methods involve dropping dry ice from aeroplanes.
a) breeze
b) precipitation
c) blow
3. The melting of the glaciers in the Arctic is one of the effects of global warming.
a) ice
b) hail
c) blast
4. Some storms present a hazard to human settlements, as lightning can damage electrical appliances.
a) rain
b) thunder
c) bolt
5. No attempt to stop a tornado has been made to date, but science tries to predict them.
a) twister
b) hurricane
c) cyclone

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 4

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Study the sentences and complete the gaps by translating the words connected with weather modification. Over the years, there have been numerous human attempts to influence the weather. For example, Tu uzupełnij (suchy lód) would be dropped from aeroplanes to induce the creation of Tu uzupełnij (kropelek) of water and start a rainfall. Some scientists tried experimental methods to ward off Tu uzupełnij (pioruny) to prevent forest fires. Some also tried to reduce the strength of Tu uzupełnij (huraganów), but all these methods of weather modification remain the subject of a scientific Tu uzupełnij (sporu) and no-one has shown that they are effective.

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 5

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Decide which sentence related to weather and climate does not match the rest in each group. 1. Precipitation
a) Meteorologists predict particularly heavy snowfalls this winter.
b) If no rain comes by next month, we risk losing half our crops.
c) Severe floods resulting from melting snow damaged a few mountain towns.
2. Unintentional weather modification
a) Cloud seeding remains one of the most commonly used ways to induce rain.
b) Fortunately, the emission of greenhouse gases has fallen in recent years.
c) We should gradually stop burning fossil fuels and turn to green energy.
3. Storm
a) I managed to take some photos of the enormous bolts last night.
b) After a very loud thunder, the rain started to fall.
c) The change of weather removed the risk of drought.
4. Tornado
a) Twisters are one of the major problems in the Southern U.S.A.
b) Tiny droplets of water forming in clouds cause rainfalls.
c) You can now predict the occurrence of thunderstorm cells with the use of radar.

5. Clouds
a) The experiment involved spraying condensation particles at high altitude.
b) The formation of ice crystals can be made faster by certain methods.
c) This summer, forecasts warn against extreme heat waves in some countries.

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 6

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Study the definitions below and choose the correct words or phrases that they define. the process of spraying chemicals onto clouds Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. dissipation, 2. seeding, 3. weather hazards, 4. conclusive evidence, 5. global warming facts that prove a theory Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. dissipation, 2. seeding, 3. weather hazards, 4. conclusive evidence, 5. global warming rising of the temperature that can damage the environment Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. dissipation, 2. seeding, 3. weather hazards, 4. conclusive evidence, 5. global warming extreme weather that can be dangerous to humans Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. dissipation, 2. seeding, 3. weather hazards, 4. conclusive evidence, 5. global warming the process of reducing something Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. dissipation, 2. seeding, 3. weather hazards, 4. conclusive evidence, 5. global warming

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 7

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Type in the missing words connected with how humans have made attempts to affect weather. The first letter of each expression is provided. Many scientists have been wondering how to remove some of the hTu uzupełnij of dangerous phenomena by developing weather modification. Although there is no cTu uzupełnij evidence of any of them being successful, some have been studied in numerous experiments. One of these risks is fog gathering over areas like airports and military bases. Some of the methods of fog dTu uzupełnij involved spraying chemicals over these areas, or using sound waves. Also, in order to provide enough rainfall for farmers to grow their crops, some tests involved cloud sTu uzupełnij by spraying dry ice over the clouds to induce precipitation. None of these attempts have proven successful. Unfortunately, some weather modification is caused by humans unintentionally. For example, global wTu uzupełnij, the effect of the irresponsible use of certain gases, may soon lead to huge ecological disasters affecting the Earth.

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Exercise 8

Write your answer to the question in 3‑4 sentences.

How would you like the weather in your region to be modified?

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(Uzupełnij).

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

I would like summers ... It would be great if ...

I would like summers in my regions to be warmer and drier. It would be great if there was a method to dissipate rainclouds on the days when we have football matches planned outside. It often rains and we have to cancel them or play inside, which is less fun.

Exercise 9

Weather modification is a controversial topic and there are many opposing opinions on it. Write an article in which you present your view on weather modification. Refer to positive and negative aspects of the weather modification.

Your answer should be 200‑250 words long.

Exam tipazurewhite

Modyfikacje pogody są kontrowersyjnym tematem i istnieje wiele przeciwstawnych opinii na ich temat. Napisz artykuł, w którym przedstawisz swój pogląd na modyfikacje pogody. Odwołaj się do pozytywnych i negatywnych aspektów modyfikacji pogody.

Twoja odpowiedź powinna liczyć 200–250 wyrazów.

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(Uzupełnij).

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Weather modification - yes or no?

Humans have been making great progress in… For example, some scientists have tried to… The issue is… and there are many people who think weather modification is… However, I believe that weather modification...

Adverse weather conditions can be... Severe… can cause... This is why I believe that scientists should seek new ways of… One of them could be... Hail can reach… and damage… The current attempts focus on…

Severe weather can also have... This is because… can... I think that scientists should... For example, there are some…

To sum up, many types of weather modification attempts should be... Unfortunately, science has not…

Weather modification - yes or no?

Humans have been making great progress in science. For example, some scientists have tried to modify the weather. The issue is controversial and there are many people who think weather modification is wrong. However, I believe that weather modifications can be used in some situations.

Adverse weather conditions can be extremely dangerous to humans. Severe storms, tornadoes and hailstone falls can cause damage and suffering. This is why scientists seek new ways of making our lives safer. One of them is protecting us from hailstones. Hail can reach huge sizes and damage crops or vehicles and even hurt people. The current attempts focus on reducing its size. If we are successful, it will definitely benefit us.

Severe weather can also have negative effects on the economy. Floods can destroy farms, kill farm animals, and affect crops. I think that scientists should continue trials to reduce such hazard to farmers. For example, there are cloud seeding methods already in use in Indonesia, which can save humans from floods.

To sum up, many types of weather modification attempts should be continued to protect humans from harm or poverty. Unfortunately, science has not proven these methods to be effective and they must be developed further.

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