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Work as a physical quantity

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Praca jako wielkość fizyczna

You will learn
  • how to develop your language skills to talk about mechanics in English,

  • the English vocabulary related to the definition of work in physics.

Task 1

Watch the slideshow „Is it the work in the sense of physics?” and answer the question.

  • Does the concept of work in the common sense and in the sense of mechanics coincide?

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Pokaz slajdów pokazuje sytuacje z życia wzięte, na podstawie których można przeanalizować pojecie pracy w sensie fizycznym. Instrukcja obsługi z poziomu klawiatury: 1. Uruchomienie aplikacji - ENTER, 2. Na każdym ze slajdów czytany jest automatycznie tekst alternatywny po polsku, 3. Przy pierwszym uruchomieniu na pierwszym slajdzie, czytanie tekstu po angielsku - TAB, 4. Przejście między slajdami: do następnego slajdu - TAB, do poprzedniego slajdu - TAB + SHIFT, 5. Przejście do czytania napisu po angielsku - strzałka w górę + strzałka w dół (czyta tekst po angielsku widoczny na slajdzie).
Is it the work in the sense of physics?
Conclusion
  • In the common sense, the concept of work is usually defined as the effort made by man to achieve some intended effect.

  • In the physical concept of work, we say when a force is applied to the body system that causes a shift.

Work
Definition: Work
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nagranie abstraktu

WorkworkWork is a physical quantityphysical quantityphysical quantity quantity which is the product of force and the displacement of the body in a direction parallel to the direction of the forcedirection of the forcedirection of the force.

W=Fs

where:
F - the value of the force along the direction of the motion,
s - the displacement of the body.

The unit of workworkwork is joule [J].

[J]=[Nm=kgms2m=kgm2s2]
Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Open applet and check what workworkwork is being done while moving the weight.

  1. Move the weight of the same mass over different distances.

  2. Move the weights of different masses on the same distance.

  3. Add force at different angles and check what workworkwork has been done.

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Geogebra aplet - praca. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Work
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Present 3 cases when workworkwork is not done.

Exercise 1

View the illustrations below and answer the questions.

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1a - Raising the ball with the same weight from the floor. 1b - Raising the ball of different mass from the floor
  1. Which person did a greater work?

  2. What determines the value of the work performed by the persons presented in the individual illustrations?

Exercise 2

View the illustrations below and answer the questions.

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Weightlifter, balloon, tourist
  1. Present the forces acting on the barbell and the tourist.

  2. Does the weightlifter do the work while holding the barbell up?

  3. Does the boy do the work while holding a balloon?

  4. Does the tourist do the work while going on a flat terrain with a backpack?

  5. Do you do the work while carrying shopping?

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Exercise 3
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Which of the following situations are related to the performance of work?
Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Mom is ironing a shirt., 2. Janek is reading a book., 3. Marysia is listening to music., 4. Karol is pulling a sledge., 5. Marek is pulling a bow., 6. Grandma is shifting a vase from the upper shelf to the lower one., 7. Wojtek is holding a 2 kg ball above his head.
Exercise 4

Calculate the work that a person will do by pushing a trolley with a force of 300 N on the road of 10 m. Assume that force and displacement have the same direction.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

Peter wants to move a wardrobe and is working with the horizontalhorizontal horizontal force of 100 N, while John is pushing another wardrobe with the force of 250 N.

  1. Is it possible that the workworkwork done by the boys is the same? Justify.

  2. Peter has done workworkwork 4 times lesser than Jack. Which of the boys has moved a wardrobe over a larger distance? How many times greater was the distance?

Task 5
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nagranie abstraktu

Describe the situation when the same workworkwork was done while moving the same wardrobe over the same distance but acting with different forces.

Summary

To do work in a physical sense you should:

  • apply force which is not equal to zero to the body,

  • the displacement of the body must be different from zero,

  • the direction of the force cannot be perpendicular to the direction of the displacement of the body.

Exercises

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Exercise 5
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Peter has done the work 150 N to lift uniformly the suitcase weighing 100 N. What height Piotr lifted the suitcase to? [tu uzupełnij] Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 1 m, 2. less than 100, 3. 1,5 m, 4. 100 J, 5. greater than 100, 6. 2 m. Did he lift the work equal to [tu uzupełnij] by lifting it uniformly at a height of 1 m? Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 1 m, 2. less than 100, 3. 1,5 m, 4. 100 J, 5. greater than 100, 6. 2 m.
Exercise 6

You are pulling a trolley applying a horizontal force of 200 N. You moved it over the distance of 100 m.

  1. What work did you do?

  2. If you pulled this trolley with the force of 200 N, which formed a horizontal angle of 60 degrees, would you do more work?

Exercise 7

Create a task related to the notion of work in English.

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Exercise 8
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. kąt - angle, 2. kierunek siły - direction of the force, 3. wielkość fizyczna - physical quantity, 4. praca - work, 5. pionowy - displacement, 6. poziomy - vertical
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

angle
angle

kąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: angle
direction of the force
direction of the force

kierunek siły

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wymowa w języku angielskim: direction of the force
horizontal
horizontal

poziomy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: horizontal
displacement
displacement

przesunięcie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: displacement
physical quantity
physical quantity

wielkość fizyczna

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wymowa w języku angielskim: physical quantity
vertical
vertical

pionowy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: vertical
work
work

praca

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wymowa w języku angielskim: work

Keywords

direction of the forcedirection of the forcedirection of the force

displacementdisplacementdisplacement

physical quantityphysical quantityphysical quantity

workworkwork