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Home garden

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Link to the lesson

Before you start you should know
  • what domestication is;

  • that agriculture is the most developed in Middle Poland Lowlands;

  • that certain plants are poisonous;

  • how plants grow.

You will learn
  • to recognise and name popular arable crops;

  • to point out the positive impact of home and plot gardens on the environment;

  • to point out the benefits of cultivating plants on one’s own;

  • how to properly transplant plants.

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Nagranie dźwiękowe dotyczące roślin, które uprawiamy

People not only breed animals, but also cultivate plants. Some can be cultivated for pleasure, others for their beautiful flowers of leaves. However, the most important are plants that provide sustinence (e.g. cereals, fruit shrubs and trees), oil (e.g. sunflower) and fibres used in the production of fabrics (linen, cotton).

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Wheat. Wheat is one of the most important cereals grown in the world. Her kernels are made, among others wheat flour, which we use to produce bread, cakes and pasta
Source: Böhringer Friedrich, http://commons.wikimedia.org, licencja: CC BY-SA 2.5.

An important group of plants cultivated on fields are root cropsroot cropsroot crops. They are challenging to cultivate and need a large amount of water, but in exchange provide many nutrients. They include, among others, potatoes, beets, carrots, parsley and chicory.

As regards the human economy, oilseeds also play an important role. Their seeds contain large amounts of fats used in the production of cooking oil – a healthier alternative to animal fats. For several years now, it’s also been used in the production for biofuels.

Garden plants

Many of those who live outside rural areas cultivate plants, for example in allotments. Their owners have their own vegetables and fruit – they don’t have to buy them at the store for at least part of the year. Such gardes are also an additional and essential source of clean air in cities. The provide shelter to many animals, including birds. They are a place where people can rest, whereas the work they put in to cultivate plants gives them pleasure and keeps the in good health.

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Allotments or home gardens are a very healthy way to spend free time
Source: Srl, http://commons.wikimedia.org, licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

An allotment must be maintained in a way that will be beneficial for the environment. Lets check what mistakes to avoid when maintaining one’s own garden.

House plants

Those who live in the city and don’t have their own home garden or allotment can try their hand at cultivating plants as well. All they need is a flowerpot, appropriate garden soil and seeds or seedlings of plants they have chosen. All that’s needed to know are the requirements of the chosen plant: in what type of soil it thrives, whether it likes places with a lot of sunlight or shade, and how often it needs to be watered. All this information can be found, for instance, on the seed package, online or in guidebooks on how to cultivate plants. If you take good care of your plants, they will repay you with a healthy appearance and beautiful flowers. They will also purify the air in your home.

Potted plants
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Fotografia przedstawia pelargonię o różowych kwiatkach i zielonych liściach. Pelargonia rośnie w niebieskiej kamiennej doniczce. Po lewej stronie doniczki wysypane drobne kamienie, po prawej metalowa kratka. Na fotografii są opisy: 1- najlepiej rośnie w pełnym słońcu lub w lekkim półcieniu 2- w doniczkach muszą mieć dużo miejsca do wzrostu 3- na dnie pojemników musi być warstwa żwiru 4- należy obficie podlewać 5- wymagają regularnego nawożenia 6- przed nastaniem przymrozków przenosimy je do jasnego pomieszczenia o temperaturze nie wyższej niż 14°C
Geraniums – conditions for cultivation
Source: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Transplanting plants

Plants cultivated in flowerpots use mineral soils absorbed from the soil. That’s why they need to be transplanted into larger pots each year. In addition, by transplanting a plant to a larger pot you’re giving it more space to develop roots. It’s quite easy to transplant plants.

Transplanting a potted plants
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Exercise 1
Ćwiczenie oceń, czy zdanie jest prawdziwe czy fałszywe. Specify whether the statement is true or false. All pot plants must be positioned in a place with access to sunlight. Możliwe odpowiedzi: True, False. Pot plants must be watered depending on their requirements and weather conditions. Możliwe odpowiedzi: True, False. Gravel at the bottom of the pot ensures that roots will not rot. Możliwe odpowiedzi: True, False
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Exercise 2
Ćwiczenie podaj, jak nazywają się rośliny, które wymagają okopywania w okresie wegetacji. Plants that should be regularly digged during cultivation, i.e. cover the root parts of the soil with the soil to grow more, are called... Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. root crops, 2. cereals, 3. vegetables, 4. pot plants

Summary

  • Plants are cultivated for pleasure and for business purposes.

  • Gardens are an important part of the environment.

  • Potted plants must be transplanted regularly.

Keywords

Potted plant, cultivation, transplantation

Glossary

root crops
root crops
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Nagranie dźwiękowe dotyczące słówka root crops

rośliny okopowe – rośliny, które podczas hodowli należy regularnie okopywać, tzn. zasypywać ziemią wystające części korzeni, by bardziej urosły