Lesson plan (English)
Topic: The anti‑Hitler coalition
Target group
8th‑grade students of an elementary school
Core curriculum
XXXIII. World War and its stages. Pupil:
1. presents and situates in time and space groundbreaking events of World War II (political and military);
4. lists the main decisions of the big three conference (Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam);
5. presents the immediate effects of World War II, including the problem of changing borders and population displacement.
XXXVI. World after World War II. Pupil:
1. characterizes the direct effects of World War II, distinguishing political, social, economic and cultural consequences, taking into account the creation of the United Nations.
General aim of education
The student will learn about the effectiveness of cooperation of the anti‑Hitler coalition.
Key competences
communication in foreign languages;
digital competence;
learning to learn.
Criteria for success
The student will learn:
when the USA and the USSR joined the anti‑Hitler coalition;
what the Atlantic Charter and the Declaration by United Nations were and what was their significance;
where and for what purpose the major anti‑Hitler coalition conferences were held;
what the Big Three was;
about the significance of the Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam Conferences.
Methods/techniques
expository
talk.
activating
discussion.
programmed
with computer;
with e‑textbook.
practical
exercices concerned.
Forms of work
individual activity;
activity in pairs;
activity in groups;
collective activity.
Teaching aids
e‑textbook;
notebook and crayons/felt‑tip pens;
interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.
Lesson plan overview
Introduction
The teacher states the subject of the lesson, explains the aim of the lesson and together with students determines the success criteria to be achieved.
The teacher plays the recording of the abstract. Every now and then he stops it, asking the students to tell in their own words what they have just heard. This way, students practice listening comprehension.
Realization
Reading the content of the abstract. The teacher uses the text for individual work or in pairs, according to the following steps: 1) a sketchy review of the text, 2) asking questions, 3) accurate reading, 4) a summary of individual parts of the text, 5) repeating the content or reading the entire text.
On the basis of information presented on the timeline and news from available sources, students in pairs prepare a discussion on the conclusions of the investigation they carried out. They have to show causal relations among the events presented on the axis. Then the students present their discussions. Colleagues evaluate their work, taking into account the manner in which conclusions are presented and the clarity of justification.
Students get familiar with the source text and perform the task.
Students analyze the illustration and execute Task 2. To answer the question, they can use Internet sources or other publications. The teacher checks the correctness of the answer and provides feedback to the students.
Students in pairs solve the Exercise 2.
Students analyze the gallery of illustrations and execute Task 3. To answer the question, they can use Internet sources or other publications. The teacher checks the correctness of the answer and provides feedback to the students.
Summary
The teacher chooses one student by random method and asks him or her to explain in own words the meaning of a given word or concept learned during the lesson.
The teacher asks a willing student to summarize the lesson from his point of view. He asks other students if they would like to add anything to their colleague's statements.
Homework
Listen to the abstract recording at home. Pay attention to pronunciation, accent and intonation. Learn to pronounce the words learned during the lesson.
The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson
Terms
Lend‑Lease Act – dosłownie umowa pożyczki‑dzierżawy, ustawa z 1941 r. pozwalająca prezydentowi Stanów Zjednoczonych sprzedawać i udostępniać rządom innych państw broni, amunicji i innych towarów z obszaru obronności.
Państwa Osi – państwa należące do obozu sojuszu III Rzeszy, Włoch i Japonii, walczące przeciw aliantom podczas II wojny światowej.
Alianci – państwa walczące przeciwko Niemcom i ich sojusznikom podczas II wojny światowej
Karta Atlantycka – deklaracja z 14 sierpnia 1941 r. podpisana przez premiera Wielkiej Brytanii Winstona Churchilla i prezydenta Stanów Zjednoczonych Franklina D. Roosevelta określająca cele polityki brytyjsko‑amerykańskiej w czasie II wojny światowej i po jej zakończeniu. Zakładała m.in. prawo narodów do samostanowienia się i pokojowe rozstrzyganie sporów międzynarodowych. Poprzedzała utworzenie ONZ.
Deklaracja Narodów Zjednoczonych – deklaracja z 1 stycznia 1942 r. podpisana przez przedstawicieli 26 państw (w tym Polskę), w której zobowiązały się one do walki z państwami faszystowskimi i niezawierania z nimi porozumień ani pokoju. Była jednym z dokumentów poprzedzających utworzenie ONZ.
Izolacjonizm – strategia polityczna polegająca na nieangażowaniu się w sprawy innych państw i skupieniu się na obronie własnych interesów. Był jednym z fundamentów polityki Stanów Zjednoczonych na przełomie XIX i XX wieku.
Sojusz – układ dwóch lub więcej państw lub organizacji, który ma doprowadzić do wspólnego zamierzonego celu.
Wielka Trójka – określenie przywódców mocarstw alianckich podczas II wojny światowej (Stanów Zjednoczonych – Roosevelt; Wielkiej Brytanii – Churchill; ZSRS - Stalin), którzy omawiali sprawy wojenne i kształt przyszłego świata na konferencjach międzynarodowych w Teheranie (1943), Jałcie i Poczdamie (obie 1945).
Sojusznicza Rada Kontroli – urząd powołany do życia po kapitulacji Niemiec w maju 1945 r., w skład którego wchodzili przedstawiciele zwycięskich mocarstw – Wielkiej Brytanii, USA, ZSRS oraz Francji. Był najwyższym organem prawodawczym i administracyjnym działającym na terenie okupowanych Niemiec. Jego powołanie przewidziano na konferencji w Jałcie w lutym 1945 r.
Texts and recordings
The anti‑Hitler coalition
The first stage of the formation of the anti‑Nazi coalition can be considered to be the declaration of war on Germany by Great Britain and France on 3 September 1939. However, after the defeat of European states in 1940, the burden of the fight rested mostly on Great Britain. This fight was supported by the American Lend‑Lease Act, but it was mainly dealing with economic and moral matters. The United States and Great Britain tightened their cooperation in the summer of 1941 with the signing of the Atlantic Charter, which defined the goals of the British–American politics during World War II.
However, the two major pushes towards establishing the anti‑Nazi coalition were the outbreak of the German–Soviet war on 22 June 1941 and the renunciation of the isolationism policy by the United States, which joined the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. The large anti‑Hitler coalition that was created then played a decisive role in further armed operations. The leaders of the great powers—Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union, called the Big Three—held regular international conferences between themselves and representatives of the other Allies, where they made decisions regarding the current armed operations and political affairs.
Especially important were the major conferences in Tehran in 1943 and in Yalta in 1945, during which Josef Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill discussed the most important military actions (e.g. the opening of the second front or the USSR joining the war against Japan) and the shape of the post‑war world (such as the division of Germany or the zones of influence). The last major conference took place after the surrender of the Third Reich. In the summer of 1945 in Potsdam, the representatives of the Big Three met again, but in a slightly different composition (Franklin Roosevelt was replaced by Harry Truman, and Winston Churchill, when it was already being held, by Clement Atlee). The conference confirmed and determined in detail the shape of the post‑war world and the fate of the occupied Germany, which was to be decided by the international Allied Control Council.