Topicmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449000663_0Topic

Parameters of the lenslenslens

Levelmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

IX. Optics. The student:

7) describes the path of rays parallel to the optical axisoptical axisoptical axis passing through the converging and diverging lensdiverging lensdiverging lens, using the concepts of focus and focal lengthfocal lengthfocal length.

Timingmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Recognize parameters of the lenslenslens.

Key competencesmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Explain the meaning of individual parameters of the lenslenslens.

2. Describe the path of the rays parallel to the optical axisoptical axisoptical axis passing through the lens according the law of refraction.

3. Distinguish different types of lenses.

Operational (detailed) goalsmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- specifies the parameters of the lens and their meaning,

- describes the path of parallel rays passing through the lenslenslens.

Methodsmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion.

2. Experiment.

Forms of workmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528450127855_0Introduction

Revision:

- What is the phenomenon of refraction of light?

Proceduremcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528446435040_0Procedure

Lenses:

The phenomenon of refraction of light is used in simple optical elements, such as lenses. Lenses are usually made of glass, plastics, some natural minerals (quartz, sapphire), as well as paraffin. A lenslenslens is a specially polished solid of transparent material that has been limited by spherical, parabolic, flat or cylindrical surfaces.

[Illustration 1]

Task
Redraw the sketch below to the notebook and do the following:
1. Draw a further path of the light ray 5.
2. The light rays 3 and 4 after refraction should also converge in the point F:
a) consider what shape the figures should have on the path of the light rays 3 and 4 and fill in the sketch accordingly,
b) then, draw the path of the rays 3 and 4.

[Illustration 2]

Solution:
[Illustration 3]

Task
What shape should optical elements have in order to diverge the light rays, as shown in the figure below? Make an appropriate sketch in the notebook. Extend the rays so that they cross at one point.

[Illustration 4]

Solution:
[Illustration 5]

If we combine the outer edges of solids in task 1, we get a symmetrical converging lensconverging lensconverging lens, whereas in the second task we get a diverging lensdiverging lensdiverging lens.

Convex lenses are converging lenses. Concave lenses are diverging lenses. This is true only if the lens is located in a less optically dense medium.

lenslenslens has characteristic parameters:

Definition
Optical axis - the line passing through the centres of curvature of the lens.mcffe34a3edd2b42d_1527752263647_0Optical axis - the line passing through the centres of curvature of the lens.

Definition
Focal point - a point on the optical axis where rays of light parallel to the optical axis after passing a lens converge.
This point is known as the real focal point. If the parallel rays passing the lens are diverged, then the extension of the refracted rays behind the lens will intersect at a point. This point is known as the virtual focal point. The focal point of the lens is often simply called the focus. Every lens has two focal points at the optical axis with the same distance from the optical centre.
mcffe34a3edd2b42d_1527752256679_0Focal point - a point on the optical axis where rays of light parallel to the optical axis after passing a lens converge.
This point is known as the real focal point. If the parallel rays passing the lens are diverged, then the extension of the refracted rays behind the lens will intersect at a point. This point is known as the virtual focal point. The focal point of the lens is often simply called the focus. Every lens has two focal points at the optical axis with the same distance from the optical centre.

Definition
Focal lengthfocal lengthFocal length - the distance between the focal pointfocal pointfocal point and the optical centreoptical centreoptical centre of a thin lenslenslens.

Definition
Optical centreoptical centreOptical centre - a point inside a lenslenslens through which a light ray is able to travel without being deviated.

[Illustration interactive 1]

[Illustration interactive 2]

Lesson summarymcffe34a3edd2b42d_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The lens is described by the following parameters: optical axis, real or virtual focal point, optical centre, focal length.mcffe34a3edd2b42d_1527712094602_0The lens is described by the following parameters: optical axis, real or virtual focal point, optical centre, focal length.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

concave lensconcave lensconcave lens

converging lensconverging lensconverging lens

convex lensconvex lensconvex lens

diverging lensdiverging lensdiverging lens

focal lengthfocal lengthfocal length

focal pointfocal pointfocal point

lenslenslens

optical axisoptical axisoptical axis

optical centreoptical centreoptical centre

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lens1
lens

soczewka

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wymowa w języku angielskim: lens
optical axis 1
optical axis

oś optyczna

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diverging lens1
diverging lens

soczewka rozpraszająca

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focal length1
focal length

ogniskowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: focal length
converging lens1
converging lens

soczewka skupiająca

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wymowa w języku angielskim: converging lens
focal point1
focal point

ognisko

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optical centre1
optical centre

środek optyczny

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concave lens1
concave lens

soczewka wklęsła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: concave lens
convex lens1
convex lens

soczewka wypukła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: convex lens