Topicm0194a21973bb5749_1528449000663_0Topic

Electrical power

Levelm0194a21973bb5749_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm0194a21973bb5749_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

VI. Electricity. The student:

10) uses the concept of work and power of electric currentpower of electric currentpower of electric current and their units; applies the relationship between these quantities to the calculations; converts electric energy expressed in kilowatt‑hours into joules and conversely.

Timingm0194a21973bb5749_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesm0194a21973bb5749_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Derivation of the formula for the electrical power (DC power).

Key competencesm0194a21973bb5749_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Reminding the formula for the work of an electric current.

2. Deriving the formula for electrical power in three forms.

3. Applying the formula for electrical power in typical and new situations.

Operational (detailed) goalsm0194a21973bb5749_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- can derive the formula for the power of an electric current,

- applies different formulas for the power of electric currentpower of electric currentpower of electric current depending on his needs.

Methodsm0194a21973bb5749_1528449534267_0Methods

1. A talk presenting new information.

2. Discussion developing in the course of common problem solving by a class or group.

Forms of workm0194a21973bb5749_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual or group work.

2. Cooperation between students and the teacher during the developing discussion.

Lesson stages

Introductionm0194a21973bb5749_1528450127855_0Introduction

Answer the introductory questions for the lesson.

1. Introduce Ohm's law.

2. What is the resistance of a conductor?

3. Describe the three basic formulas with which you can determine the work of electric current.

Procedurem0194a21973bb5749_1528446435040_0Procedure

From the previous lesson you know that the work of an electric current is expressed by the following formulas:

W=U·I·t
W=I2·R·t
W=U2R·t

In order to determine the formula for the power of the electric current P, it is enough to divide the work done by the electric current by the time in which the work was done.

Using the definition of power P=Wt and substituting formulas for the work of electric current, we get:

P=U·I·tt
P=I2·R·tt
P=U2R·tt

After mathematical simplifications, we finally obtain the desired formulas:

P=U·I
P=I2·R
P=U2R

When to use the above formulas? We will explain it by examples.

Task 1

An electric heater connected to a 230 V home installation is supplied with a current of 5 A. What is the power of the electric heater?m0194a21973bb5749_1527752263647_0An electric heater connected to a 230 V home installation is supplied with a current of 5 A. What is the power of the electric heater?

Solution:

In this example, we have both the voltagevoltagevoltage applied to the heater and the current flowing through this heater. In this case, we use the formula:

P=U·I=230V5A=1150W

Task 2

In the circuit of the Christmas tree lighting, a 0,5 A current is flowing through the bulb with resistance 2 Ω. What is the power of the bulb?

Solution:

At first glance, we can see that we have both resistance of the bulb and also the current intensity. We definitely choose the formula:m0194a21973bb5749_1527752256679_0At first glance, we can see that we have both resistance of the bulb and also the current intensity. We definitely choose the formula:

P=I2R=(0,5A)22Ω=0,25A22Ω=0,5W

Task 3

A light bulb with resistance 1 Ω is connected to a flat battery with a voltagevoltagevoltage of 5 V. What power has the bulb?

Solution:

We have a voltagevoltagevoltage to which a bulb with known resistance has been connected. So we use the formula:

P=U2R=25V21Ω=25W

The above examples show that the use of formulas for power is primarily due to the data we have.

[Illustration 1]

[Slideshow]

Lesson summarym0194a21973bb5749_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Power can be defined as the ability of the system to perform a given work within a given time. The faster the work is done, the higher the power and conversely:

P=Wt

Substituting in the last equation the formula for the work of electric current we get:

P=q·Ut

Since the ratio of charge q to the time t is the intensity of the electric current, its power is equal to:

P=IU

By combining the last equation with Ohm's law (U=I·R), two other formulas for the power of electric currentpower of electric currentpower of electric current can be given, i.e.:

P=I2·R
P=U2R

where: 
R - electrical resistance.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

electrical receiverelectrical receiverelectrical receiver

power dissipated bypower dissipated bypower dissipated by

power dissipationpower dissipationpower dissipation

power of electric currentpower of electric currentpower of electric current

voltagevoltagevoltage

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power of electric current1
power of electric current

moc prądu

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voltage1
voltage

napięcie

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electrical receiver1
electrical receiver

odbiornik energii

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power dissipated by1
power dissipated by

moc wydzielona na

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power dissipation1
power dissipation

wydzielanie mocy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: power dissipation