Link to the lesson

Oxide reduction reaction as an example of the exchange reaction

Task 1

„Reaction of copper(II) oxide with carbon”
In the test, copper(II) oxide in solid form was mixed together with a charcoal in powder form in a test tube. The tube was heated in the flame of the burner, resulting in a rusty (red‑orange) coating on the surface of the mixture. Formulate a research question and hypothesis. Write down your observations and conclusions. Complete the reaction equation.

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Ilustracja przedstawiająca probówkę, w której zawarta jest sproszkowana mieszanina o barwie czarnej. Mieszanina tlenku miedzi dwa i węgla mixture of copper two oxide and carbon.

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Ilustracja przedstawia czarno-czerwoną substancję sproszkowaną na szklanym spodku. Za spodkiem stoją dwa szklane słoiczki zawierające etykiety z anglojęzycznymi napisami: copper 2 oxide i charcoal powder.

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Fill in the reaction equation. Dostępne opcje do wyboru: cztery, ce o, ce o dwa, ce u, ce u ce o trzy, trzy, dwa. Reakcja: dwa ce u o dodać ce strzałka w prawo uzupełnij uzupełnij dodać uzupełnij

Fill in the reaction equation. Dostępne opcje do wyboru: cztery, ce o, ce o dwa, ce u, ce u ce o trzy, trzy, dwa. Reakcja: dwa ce u o dodać ce strzałka w prawo uzupełnij uzupełnij dodać uzupełnij

Fill in the reaction equation

CuCO₃, 2, CO₂, 4, CO, 3, Cu

2 CuO + C → +

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Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of copper(II) oxide with carbon”. Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).

Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of copper(II) oxide with carbon”. Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).

Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of copper(II) oxide with carbon”

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Research question

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Hypothesis

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Observations

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Conclusions

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The reaction of combining the substance with oxygen as well as the transformation in which the oxide undergoes „deoxidation” are examples of as an example of reduction‑oxidation (redox) reaction. All the reactions learned in this module, as a result of which metal was formed from the metal oxide, are examples of redox reactions. The metal oxide is reduced to the metal and substance that receives oxygen from a metal oxide becomes oxidised. That substance is called reducing agent or reductant.

In metallurgy, coal is often used to reduce metal oxides. Its sources are relatively cheap and easily accessible. However, it can only reduce some metal oxides. These include, for example, oxides of: zinc, iron, lead, copper. These oxides, heated with carbon, are reduced to free elements, while the carbon is oxidized. However, many metal oxides can not be reduced with carbon. Other methods are used to obtain pure elements.

Single and double exchange reactions

It stands out among the exchange reactions single exchange reactionssingle exchange reactionsingle exchange reactions and double‑exchange reactionsdouble‑exchange reactiondouble‑exchange reactions. The first type, a single exchange reaction, is a transformation in which two substrates (element and chemical compound) are transformed into two products (new simple and complex substance). Its course can be described by the following scheme:

${{\text{compound}}_{\text{1}}\text{+ element}}_{\text{1}}\text{→}{\text{element}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+ compound}}_{\text{2}}$

The second group are the double exchange reactions. They occur when two complex substances are transformed into two new chemical compounds. The diagram below illustrates the course of a double exchange reaction:${\text{compound}}_{\text{1}}\text{+}{\text{compound}}_{\text{2}}\text{→}{\text{compound}}_{\text{3}}\text{+}{\text{compound}}_{\text{4}}$

Task 2

Before looking at the „Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride”, formulate a research question and hypothesis. Write down your observations and conclusions.

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Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride". Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).

Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride". Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).

Analysis of the experiment: "Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride"

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Research question

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Hypothesis

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Observations

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Conclusions

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Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride. Nagranie video przedstawia połączenie w probówce substancji ka ce el z a gie en o trzy, w czasie którego tworzy się jednolita mlecznobiała substancja.

Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride. Nagranie video przedstawia połączenie w probówce substancji ka ce el z a gie en o trzy, w czasie którego tworzy się jednolita mlecznobiała substancja.

Film dostępny na portalu epodreczniki.pl

Reaction of silver nitrate with potassium chloride. Nagranie video przedstawia połączenie w probówce substancji ka ce el z a gie en o trzy, w czasie którego tworzy się jednolita mlecznobiała substancja.

Summary

• In addition to the analysis and synthesis reaction, there is a third type of reaction – exchange reaction.

• The exchange reaction is a transformation during which the components exchange between the reacting substances takes place. It runs according to the scheme:
  ${\text{substance}}_{\text{1}}\text{+}{\text{substance}}_{\text{2}}\text{→}{\text{product}}_{\text{1}}\text{+}{\text{product}}_{\text{2}}$.

• The exchange reactions can be divided into two groups: single exchange reactions and double exchange reactions.

• The single exchange reaction is a transformation, during which two substrates (element and chemical compound) are transformed into two products (new simple and complex substance).

• The double exchange reaction is a transformation, during which two compound substances are transformed into two chemical compounds.

• The reduction‑oxidation (redox) reaction is an example of an exchange reaction.

Keywords

reduction, exchange reaction, double exchange reaction

Glossary