Proteins - occurrence and role in the body
how amino acids are built;
that amino acids can bind together to form peptides.
to identify food products that are the source of protein;
to discuss the role of proteins in the body.
Occurrence of proteins and their role in the body
Proteins are the basic element building all organisms. A man has to provide the protein in his diet. These proteins in the digestion process are divided into smaller fragments, which produce new proteins necessary for the body.
Where proteins are found?
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The protein content in food products is different, which should be taken into consideration when selecting products consumed during the day. The daily requirement for protein is an individual feature of the body – depends on age and gender.
person | Daily protein requirement [g] |
girls | 85 |
boys | 95 |
women | 70 |
men | 95 |
products | Protein content |
milk | 3 |
eggs | 13 |
cheese | 26 |
fromage frais | 13 |
blue cheese | 20‑21 |
kabanos | 27 |
fish | 19–21 |
bean | 21 |
lentil | 25 |
soy | 24 |
Proteins act as building blocks (build muscle, nails, hair and tissues). Their digestion takes place with the participation of protein enzymes. Protein is the main component of hemoglobin in the blood. Hemoglobin is responsible for supplying oxygen to cells.
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2. Hemoglobin carries oxygen
3. Insulin a pancreatic hormone that regulates blood glucose
4. Fibrinogen causes blood clotting
5. Myosin builds muscle
6. Pepsin an enzyme that digest proteins
7. Collagen builds tendons
8. Creatine builds hair and nails
Answer, working in pairs, the following questions.
Select the statements that are true.
- Humans can only consume animal protein
- The most well-known symptoms of protein deficiency in the body include: brittle, falling out hair, longitudinal lines on the nails, edema, skin changes, apathy, defatting the liver, drop in immunity, decubitus ulcers, weak muscles
- Protein from food in the human body is hydrolysed to amino acids
- Part of the amino acids as a result of changes in the body is modified, and then serves to build a protein proper to the human body
- Seeds of beans, soya and lentils and cheese contain less than 20% protein
Summary
The molecules of all proteins are mainly composed of atoms of four elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Some of the proteins may include sulfur atoms, phosphorus and other elements.
The basic elements building proteins are amino acids.
Proteins are macromolecular chemical compounds, made up of amino acid residues joined by peptide bonds.
Proteins are the main building blocks of organisms. They perform functions: building, transport, regulating and others.
The source of animal protein include eggs, dairy, meat, fish, and vegetable – cereals and legumes, such as beans, soy and lentils.
Keywords
Proteins, occurrence of proteins, role of proteins
Glossary
białka – wielkocząsteczkowe związki zbudowane z reszt aminokwasowych połączonych wiązaniami peptydowymi; w skład cząsteczek białek wchodzą głównie atomy takich pierwiastków, jak: węgiel, wodór, tlen i azot
wiązanie peptydowe – powstaje w wyniku połączenia się (kondensacji) aminokwasów; tworzą je grupy karboksylowa i aminowa łączących się cząsteczek aminokwasów. W wyniku łączenia się aminokwasów powstaje też woda