Topicm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449000663_0Topic

Construction and operation of the calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter

Levelm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

IV. Thermal phenomena. The student:

9) The student distinguishes and defines changes in states of matter; analyzes the phenomena of melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation and resublimation as processes in which supplying the energy in the form of heat does not cause the change in temperature.

Timingm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

The construction and operation of the calorimeter.

Key competencesm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Presenting the calorimeter.

2. Presenting the construction of the calorimeter.

3. Learning the principle of operating of a calorimeter.

Operational (detailed) goalsm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- learns the construction of a calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter,

- learns the principle of operating of a calorimeter.

Methodsm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion, lecture.

2. Flipped classroom.

Forms of workm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Working with a teacher on solving problem tasks.

Lesson stages

Introductionm8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528450127855_0Introduction

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the calorimeter and what is it used for?
2. Present the construction of the calorimeter.
3. Present the principle of operation of the calorimeter.
4. Give examples of the application of the calorimeter.

Procedurem8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528446435040_0Procedure

1. What is the calorimeter and what is it used for?

The calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter is a device used to analyse the heat flow between the bodies in conditions which prevent heat exchange with the environment.

2. Present the construction of the calorimeter.

[Illustration interactive]

Description of the construction of the calorimeter.

- In the outer cup there is a coaster which thermally isolates the inner cup from the environment.
- The inner cup is placed on the insulating coaster.
- Immobile air surrounds the inner cup which functions as a perfect insulator.
- In order to increase the insulation of the substance which is in the inner cup, it is covered on top with a thermally insulating lid.
- The thermometer and the stirrer pass through the lid to equalise the temperatures inside the entire internal cup.
m8e1fc1b598ddad28_1527752256679_0- In the outer cup there is a coaster which thermally isolates the inner cup from the environment.
- The inner cup is placed on the insulating coaster.
- Immobile air surrounds the inner cup which functions as a perfect insulator.
- In order to increase the insulation of the substance which is in the inner cup, it is covered on top with a thermally insulating lid.
- The thermometer and the stirrer pass through the lid to equalise the temperatures inside the entire internal cup.

3. Present the principle of operation of the calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter.

We usually pour a certain amount of liquid into the inner cupinner cupinner cup. We measure its initial temperature. Then we put a specific body into the inner cup. We close the calorimeter tightly and use the stirrerstirrerstirrer. We note the highest temperature indicated by the thermometerthermometerthermometer. Using the heat balanceheat balanceheat balance, we determine the unknown value.

4. Provide examples of the application of the calorimeter.

The calorimeters - practical applications.

It is generally accepted that calorimeters are laboratory devices designed mainly to determine the heat of combustion and to calculate the calorific value of different solid, liquid and mixed substances. This is a myth, because these are much more universal laboratory devices which allow not only to obtain information about the physicochemical properties of the tested substances, but also to creatively use this knowledge in industrial applications. The possibility of conducting various innovative research at universities and research institutes should be also mentioned. The calorimetric bomb used in the calorimeter allows to conduct different tests in conditions of higher pressure and in the atmosphere of various gases such as: oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. or in the air. Due to temperature analysis, it is also possible to determine the change in the properties of the tested substances not only as a result of combustion, but also physicochemical phenomena of various origin, including biological ones.m8e1fc1b598ddad28_1527752263647_0It is generally accepted that calorimeters are laboratory devices designed mainly to determine the heat of combustion and to calculate the calorific value of different solid, liquid and mixed substances. This is a myth, because these are much more universal laboratory devices which allow not only to obtain information about the physicochemical properties of the tested substances, but also to creatively use this knowledge in industrial applications. The possibility of conducting various innovative research at universities and research institutes should be also mentioned. The calorimetric bomb used in the calorimeter allows to conduct different tests in conditions of higher pressure and in the atmosphere of various gases such as: oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. or in the air. Due to temperature analysis, it is also possible to determine the change in the properties of the tested substances not only as a result of combustion, but also physicochemical phenomena of various origin, including biological ones.

Lesson summarym8e1fc1b598ddad28_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter - a laboratory device for measuring the heat emitted or consumed during chemical and physical processes.

The simplest calorimeter, the so‑called „school calorimeter”, is a device which measures changes in temperature during the process in which the sample mass of the body is precisely defined. To eliminate accidental heat exchange with the environment, the system must be well insulated. This kind of calorimeter is effective when the temperature changes of system are large and it can only be used for liquid systems.

At schools, calorimeters, which are made of aluminum, are most often used. In contrast, laboratories use well insulated calorimeters of very high accuracy which often connected to the computer.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

calorimetercalorimetercalorimeter

heat balanceheat balanceheat balance

inner cupinner cupinner cup

outer cupouter cupouter cup

stirrerstirrerstirrer

thermal isolationthermal isolationthermal isolation

thermometerthermometerthermometer

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calorimeter1
calorimeter

kalorymetr

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inner cup1
inner cup

naczynie wewnętrzne

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wymowa w języku angielskim: inner cup
stirrer1
stirrer

mieszadło

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wymowa w języku angielskim: stirrer
thermometer1
thermometer

termometr

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bilans cieplny

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naczynie zewnętrzne

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thermal isolation1
thermal isolation

izolacja termiczna

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wymowa w języku angielskim: thermal isolation