Zaawansowane metody wyszukiwania informacji

Discuss with your classmates or ask at home how they use popular browsers to search for information. Consider together whether you can use the potential of search engines to find answers to your questions.

The simplest solution to find the information you need on the Internet is to enter a phrasephrasephrase consisting of one or several words in the search box of the selected browser. The result of this search is a few or a few dozen pages that we laboriously look through to find the best answer to our question.

In order to get the right answer, the question should be properly formulated. Search engines provide their users with options for a more advanced search than just typing keywords. We will focus on the Google search enginesearch enginesearch engine, which among the Internet users is the most popular. Most of the search options discussed is also used in other browsers.

For this purpose, you can use the graphical interface of the search enginesearch enginesearch engine. It offers a variety of options that allow us to narrow down the search, for example, by selecting only graphics or movies. We often look for graphic files that are based on free licenses - that is, those that we can freely use or modify (we always have to make sure that their creator did not limit these rights in any way). We may need the latest news published in the last 24 h, and not from years ago - then we narrow down our search accordingly. There are many possibilities.

Watch the slideshow and familiarise yourself with the selected options.

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Pokaz przedstawia interfejs użytkownika wyszukiwarki Google. Instrukcja obsługi z poziomu klawiatury: 1. Uruchomienie aplikacji - ENTER, 2. Na każdym ze slajdów czytany jest automatycznie tekst alternatywny po polsku, 3. Przy pierwszym uruchomieniu na pierwszym slajdzie, czytanie tekstu po angielsku - TAB, 4. Przejście między slajdami: do następnego slajdu - TAB, do poprzedniego slajdu - TAB + SHIFT, 5. Przejście do czytania napisu po angielsku - strzałka w górę + strzałka w dół (czyta tekst po angielsku widoczny na slajdzie).

Pokaz przedstawia interfejs użytkownika wyszukiwarki Google. Instrukcja obsługi z poziomu klawiatury: 1. Uruchomienie aplikacji - ENTER, 2. Na każdym ze slajdów czytany jest automatycznie tekst alternatywny po polsku, 3. Przy pierwszym uruchomieniu na pierwszym slajdzie, czytanie tekstu po angielsku - TAB, 4. Przejście między slajdami: do następnego slajdu - TAB, do poprzedniego slajdu - TAB + SHIFT, 5. Przejście do czytania napisu po angielsku - strzałka w górę + strzałka w dół (czyta tekst po angielsku widoczny na slajdzie).

Zasób interaktywny dostępny pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/DqvCEevlo

The process of searching for information can be improved by using numerous search operatorssearch operatorssearch operators and searching in specific places (website, thematic forum, website description, etc.)

The set of words we use when searching is called a phrasephrasephrase.

Google search does not take into account the case of the phrase you type.

However, it recognizes some punctuation markspunctuation markspunctuation marks and symbols, e.g.

• „” (quotation marks) - if we want to get in the search results only those pages that contain exactly entered phrasephrasephrase (in the same order of characters) e.g. „wild cats”.

• - (minus) - has two functions:

  • to remove expressions from the search, e.g. race car -Ferrari,

  • to look for words that are strongly related to each other, e.g. white‑red flag.

• . (dot) - replaces any character, e.g. dark night. - will mean a search for the expression dark night or dark nights for the search
  engine.

• * (asterix) - replaces any or unknown fragment of the query, e.g. a fragment of the poem: stands * locomotive.

• | (vertical line) - gives a choice between two expressions, e.g. coffee|tea.

• & (ampersand) - means words strongly related to each other, for example beauty & the beast.

• $\#$ (hash) - searches for popular hashtags.

• .. (double dot) - allows you to place a range of values, e.g. 10..20m tree.

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Na ilustracji umieszczone są znaki interpunkcyjne używane w zaawansowanym wyszukiwaniu w wyszukiwarce Google: Some symbols and punctuation used in Google search. Każdy ze znaków umieszczony jest w środku koła, pod którym znajduje się opis w języku angielskim. $ when searching for a price; @ when searching for social tags; & when searching for strongly connected ideas and phrases; * when searching for unknown part of phrase; | when searching for one of the words ("OR"); .. when searching for range of values; # when searching for trending topics that use hashtags; - in front of a word you want to leave out.

Search operatorssearch operatorsSearch operators

Searches can also be made using the so‑called operators. This function can be combined with the possibilities discussed earlier. Below is a list of several selected operators (operators end with a colon):

• site: narrows the search results to a specific page, for example cat site: animalplanet.com.

• related: shows pages related to the given address, e.g. related: google.com.

• link: shows pages containing a link to the given address, e.g. link: animalplanet.com.

• define: shows the definition of a word, e.g. define:planet.

The search enginesearch enginesearch engine facilitates the conversionconversionconversion of units, currencies, performs simple mathematical operations, draws functions.

In the browser window, enter the following and then press the Enter key:

• Currency conversionconversionconversion: <value currency> to <currency> e.g. 1 euro to zloty.

• Unit conversion: 36 m to 3600 cm.

• Mathematical operations: we want calculate the product of 2001 and 24 is. Enter 2001 * 24 in the search window.

• Mathematical functions: we want to see the graph of the parabola given by the equation y = 2 x 2. Enter 2 * x^2 and you will get the graph.

Internet search engines provide many tools to precisely specify what we are looking for.

Exercises

Glossary

Keywords

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