what are structures and properties of selected groups of organic compounds, such as alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters.
what are amines and amino acids;
describe the structure and properties of compounds containing nitrogen – on the example of methylamine (amine) and glycine (amino acid);
write down the methylamine and glycine formulas;
indicate a peptide bond in the formulas of organic compounds.
Amino acids
One of the protein breakdown products is ammonia. It means that proteins also contain nitrogen atoms. The basic compounds that build proteins are amino acidsamino acids – organic compounds containing amine group and a group characteristic for carboxylic acids .
The amino acid with the simplest structure is glycineglycine.
Another name of glycine is amino‑acetic acid.
Due to the presence of two functional groups: alkaline amine and acidic carboxyl , molecules of amino acids can be attached via a peptide bond.
The dipeptide may attach another amino acid molecule; the tripeptide will be obtained. The tripeptide may attach further amino acid molecules. In this way, polypeptides are formed, i.e. compounds formed as a result of joining of many amino acid molecules.
Watch the presentation „The formation of a dipeptide in the reaction of glycine with alanine”
Before you watch the movie „Testing the amphoteric nature of glycine”, formulate a research question and hypothesis. Write down the observations and conclusions.
Summary
Amines and amino acids are organic compounds containing nitrogen atoms in their molecules.
The properties of amines change with increasing number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Amino acids are organic compounds containing two functional groups: alkaline amino and acidic carboxyl group.
Amino acids have the ability to bind using peptide bonds; in this way they form polypeptides.
Using the periodic table of elements, determine the properties of the atoms of elements constituting amines - give the numbers:
protons, neutrons, electrons,
valence electrons,
electron shells.
Keywords
Amino acids, glycine
Glossary
aminokwasy – związki organiczne, których cząsteczki zawierają grupę aminową i grupę karboksylową
aminy – do amin zaliczamy związki będące pochodnymi amoniaku, w których cząsteczkach co najmniej jeden atom wodoru zastąpiono grupą węglowodorową; wzór ogólny amin to , gdzie to grupa węglowodorowa, a to grupa aminowa
glicyna – aminokwas o wzorze ; jest krystaliczną, stałą substancją; dobrze rozpuszcza się w wodzie
metyloamina – amina o wzorze ; jest gazem o charakterystycznym, nieprzyjemnym zapachu