On the Internet find the information about the types of malwaremalwaremalware. Compare the effect of your work with the information presented in the interactive illustration.
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Ilustracja interaktywna przedstawia w sposób symboliczny ochronę antywirusową. Na tle mapy świata, na samym środku znajduje się okrąg, a w nim kłódka, która ma za zadanie chronić dostęp. Do okręgu dochodzą linie łamane, podobne do tych na układach scalonych. Na ilustracji widoczne są numery, a na nich podpisy. 1. Malware – generally all malicious software, causing damage to the computer. {audio}, 2. Computer viruses – a software intentionally designed to replicate itself without the consent of the user and to destroy the data on the computer. {audio}, 3. Worms – they can replicate themselves rapidly in the computer system, slow it down and spread themselves through a computer network. {audio}, 4. Trojan horses – the viruses are hidden in seamingly useful software and take complete control over the affected computer. {audio}, 5. Spyware – a software included along with other applications which tracks internet users' movements on the Web, it can also install its software without the user’s consent (web browsers, advertisements, fake system tools). {audio}, 6. Exploits – they take advantage of security defects in operating systems or in programmes and help a hacker take control over the computer. {audio}, 7. Rootkits – a software designed to enable hackers access to the targeted computer. {audio}, 8. Keyloggers – a software that enables capturing the keys struck on a keyboard (e.g. logins and passwords). {audio}
Ilustracja interaktywna przedstawia w sposób symboliczny ochronę antywirusową. Na tle mapy świata, na samym środku znajduje się okrąg, a w nim kłódka, która ma za zadanie chronić dostęp. Do okręgu dochodzą linie łamane, podobne do tych na układach scalonych. Na ilustracji widoczne są numery, a na nich podpisy. 1. Malware – generally all malicious software, causing damage to the computer. {audio}, 2. Computer viruses – a software intentionally designed to replicate itself without the consent of the user and to destroy the data on the computer. {audio}, 3. Worms – they can replicate themselves rapidly in the computer system, slow it down and spread themselves through a computer network. {audio}, 4. Trojan horses – the viruses are hidden in seamingly useful software and take complete control over the affected computer. {audio}, 5. Spyware – a software included along with other applications which tracks internet users' movements on the Web, it can also install its software without the user’s consent (web browsers, advertisements, fake system tools). {audio}, 6. Exploits – they take advantage of security defects in operating systems or in programmes and help a hacker take control over the computer. {audio}, 7. Rootkits – a software designed to enable hackers access to the targeted computer. {audio}, 8. Keyloggers – a software that enables capturing the keys struck on a keyboard (e.g. logins and passwords). {audio}
Antivirus softwareantivirus softwareAntivirus software is a computer programme used to detect and remove malwaremalwaremalware. It should comprise at leat two basic modules:
a scannerscannerscanner – which examines the content of discs,
a monitormonitormonitor – which constantly monitors the operation of the computer.
Antivirus software can also provide firewall, protect mail as well as detect and prevent break‑ins.
The identification of computer viruses by antivirus software is performed by using one of the following methods:
searching for particular code sequences in a file,
checking the signatures of files,
applying heuristics – i.e. trackng the behaviour of a file which is atypical for the operating system.
In order to detect a computer viruscomputer viruscomputer virus by using the first two methods, every antivirus software must have its own virus databasevirus databasevirus database. Antivirus softwareantivirus softwareAntivirus software updates its virus databases constantly by downloading them from the Internet.
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Ilustracja przedstawia w sposób symboliczny program antywirusowy. Ekran laptopa, którego prawie całą przestrzeń zajmuje tarcza.
Run the antivirus programme installed on your computer. Check if the virus databasevirus databasevirus database is up to dateup to dateup to date. If not, update it. Scan the resource on the disc specified by the teacher. Read the report after scanning.
We use the computer both at home and at work. We store on it data which are important for us. They are often very valuable. We should protect them, as we protect all goods that are valuable for us. Remember that there is a group of people in the world for whom your data may also be valuable. They are hackers and your computer connected to the Internet may be the target of their attack. In order to protect your computer, use updated antivirus softwareantivirus softwareantivirus software and follow the principles of antivirus prevention.
Exercises
Exercise 1
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Identify the appropriate elements of antivirus prevention: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. update software regularly, 2. install antivirus software, 3. use original software, 4. deactivate a firewall, 5. you can open files and email attachments from unknown senders, 6. you can use the administrator account in your everyday work
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Identify the appropriate elements of antivirus prevention: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. update software regularly, 2. install antivirus software, 3. use original software, 4. deactivate a firewall, 5. you can open files and email attachments from unknown senders, 6. you can use the administrator account in your everyday work
Identify the appropriate elements of antivirus prevention:
update software regularly
install antivirus software
use original software
deactivate a firewall
you can open files and email attachments from unknown senders
you can use the administrator account in your everyday work
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 2
On the Internet find the names of five commercial and five free antivirus programmes. Choose the one which is the best in your opinion.
Exercise 3
Explain in English why antivirus software should be installed.
Exercise 4
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. program antywirusowy - antivirus software, 2. wirus komputerowy - computer virus, 3. baza wirusów - virus database, 4. skaner - scanner, 5. monitor - malware, 6. aktualny - scanner
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. program antywirusowy - antivirus software, 2. wirus komputerowy - computer virus, 3. baza wirusów - virus database, 4. skaner - scanner, 5. monitor - malware, 6. aktualny - scanner
Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly.
program antywirusowy - antivirus software
wirus komputerowy - computer virus
baza wirusów - virus database
skaner - scanner
monitor - malware
aktualny - scanner
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Match Polish terms with their English equivalents.
antivirus software
program antywirusowy
computer virus
wirus komputerowy
baza wirusów
virus database
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
