Basic geometric figures
Podstawowe figury geometryczne
Learning objectives
Developing the ability toYou will learn to identify, draw and name basic geometric figures, i.e. the point, the line, the ray and the line segment.
Learning effect
You identify, draw and name basic geometric figures, i.e. the point, the line, the ray and the line segment.
What geometric figuresgeometric figures do you know? Think about which figurefigure is the simplest.
Look at the pictures which illustrate the application of points in marking objects on maps and plans.


Describe the figures below:

The pointpoint in geometry is a primitive notionprimitive notion, which means it cannot be defined. We mark it with capital letters, for example A.
The lineline is also a basic concept in geometry.
The line does not have a beginning nor an end. It is marked with a small letter, for example f. We can also use the names of the points is passes through, for example lineline BC.
The point marked on a line divides it into two parts. Each one of the parts, together with this pointpoint, is called a rayray. The marked point is the beginning of the rayray. The ray does not have an end. The ray is marked using two capital letters, one of them being the beginning of the ray, for example ray DE. The rayray can also be marked using a small letter, for example b.
The line segmentline segment is a part of the lineline determined by two points. These points are called the endings of the line segmentendings of the line segment. We mark the line segment with two capital letters which correspond to its ends, for example FG. The line segment can be also marked with one small letter, for example h.
Open the applet. Match the name of the figurefigure with the appropriate drawing.

Zasób interaktywny dostępny pod adresem https://zpe.gov.pl/a/D2eNAAolp
Draw a lineline and mark three points on it: K, L and M. Write down all the line segments you identify in the drawing.
Draw lines m and n and mark one pointpoint on each of them. Write down all lines and rays you identify in the drawing.
An extra task:
Draw the line segmentline segment AB. Mark point C in such a way that pointpoint B is located on the lineline segment AC.
Exercises
Decide which sentences are true.
- The line ends with a point on one side.
- Points P and Q located on the line mark the line segment PQ.
- The ray has no beginning and no ending.
- The point is a primitive notion.
Mark the points A, B and C on a plane. Then draw: the line segment AB, the ray AC and the line BC.
Draw 3 lines in such a way that they intersect in three points: K, L and M.
Write down three of the following: line segments, rays and lines created in the drawing.
Give the names of the figures in English.
Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly.
- punkt - point
- odcinek - line segment
- półprosta - ray
- prosta - line
- punkt leżący na prostej - endings of the line segment
- płaszczyzna - primitive notion
- line segment
- ray
- primitive notion
- punkt
- point
- pojęcie pierwotne
- odcinek
- półprosta
Glossary
końce odcinka
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: endings of the line segment
figura
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: figure
figury geometryczne
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: geometric figures
prosta
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: line
odcinek – część prostej wyznaczona przez zaznaczone na niej dwa punkty wraz z tymi punktami
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: line segment
obiekt, przedmiot
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: object
płaszczyzna
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: plane
punkt
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: point
pojęcie pierwotne
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: primitive notion
półprosta - część prostej wyznaczona przez zaznaczony na niej punkt, wraz z tym punktem
Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl
wymowa w języku angielskim: ray
Keywords
lineline
line segmentline segment
objectobject
pointpoint
primitive notionprimitive notion