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Calculating the length of line segments in a scale

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Obliczanie długości odcinków w skali

Learning objectives

  • You will learn to calculate the lengths of line segments and draw line segments in a given scale.

Learning effect

  • You determine the scale in which an object has been drawn; you give the real dimensions of an object drawn in a scale.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Prepare the magnifying glass and 2‑3 plans of cities of your choice.

Using the magnifying glass observe how the size of the imageimageimage changes depending on the distance between the magnifying glass and the object.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

Think about what kind of mathematic device we can use to write down that the actual dimensions of an object were enlarged or reduced? How to write down that while observing the object through the magnifying glass it seems 3 times smaller? Or 3 times bigger?

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nagranie abstraktu

It turns out that in order to describe how many times the object has been enlarged or reduced, we can use the scale. For example, the phrase: scalescalescale 1:2 means that the line segment in the drawing the length is two times shorter than in reality. The phrase 2:1 means that the line segment in the drawing has the length which is two times longer than in reality. The line segment presented in the scale 1:1 has the actual length.

Look at the city plans prepared for the class. What do you think is the meaning of the phrases with the word ‘scale’scalescale’, e.g. ‘scale 1:1000’?

Check your assumptions by using the computer. Draw the conclusions and compare them with the following conclusions.

Conclusions:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • the scalescalescale describes how many times the actual dimensions of the object were enlarged or reduced,

  • a figure in its actual dimensions is presented in the scale 1:1 (read: one to one),

  • if all dimensions of the figure were enlarged 2 times, then we say that the figure is presented in the scale 2:1 (read: two to one),

  • if all dimensions of the figure were reduced 2 times, then we say that the figure is presented in the scale 1:2 (read: one to two).

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw the rectangle whose dimensions are 3 cm x 6 cm. Give the lengths of the sides and draw this rectangle in the following scales:

a) 1:1
b) 3:1
c) 1:3

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet. Present triangles in a given scale.

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Aplet geogebry: Trójkąt w skali. Poniżej znajduje się galeria ilustracji stanowiących alternatywę dla apletu.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet. Give the scalescalescale in which each figure has been drawn.

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Aplet geogebry: Figury w skali. Poniżej znajduje się galeria ilustracji stanowiących alternatywę dla apletu.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 5
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nagranie abstraktu

Fill in the graphs by giving appropriate scales.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 6
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the actual height of the tree which has the height of 6 cm in the picture made in the scalescalescale 1:100. The result should be expressed in metres.

Task 7

An extra task:

Calculate how many metres of fence is necessary to enclose a rectangular building plot which has the dimensions
8 cm x 7 cm 5 mm on a planplanplan in the scale 1:2000. Allow for the fact that the entrance gate has the actual width of 2 m 30 cm.

Exercises

Exercise 1
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. The paper clip which in reality has the length of 3 cm and in the picture has the length of 6 cm, was drawn in the scale: 2:1., 2. The perimeter of a rectangle drawn in the scale 5:1 is 5 times greater than the actual perimeter of this rectangle., 3. If the diameter of a ball is four times smaller in the one shown in the picture, then the picture was made in the scale: 4:1.
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 2

Draw the ABCD square whose side is 6 cm. What is the length of the side of this square drawn in the scalescalescale 1:2? Make an appropriate drawing.

Exercise 3

In an album with photographs of animals there are photos presenting:

a) a snail in the scale 1:1,
b) a horse in the scale 1:30,
c) a tick in the scale 20:1.

Decide if the picture is reduced, enlarged or the same. Write down your answer in English.

Exercise 4
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. skala - scale, 2. powiększenie - enlargement, 3. zmniejszenie - reduction, 4. plan - plan, 5. mapa - mage, 6. obraz - map
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

scale
scale

skala

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wymowa w języku angielskim: scale
enlargement
enlargement

powiększenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: enlargement
reduction
reduction

pomniejszenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: reduction
plan
plan

plan

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wymowa w języku angielskim: plan
map
map

mapa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: map
actual size
actual size

rozmiar rzeczywisty

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wymowa w języku angielskim: actual size
image
image

obraz

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wymowa w języku angielskim: image
transformation
transformation

przekształcenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: transformation

Keywords

scalescalescale

imageimageimage

transformationtransformation transformation

reductionreductionreduction

enlargementenlargementenlargement