Carbon and its compounds with hydrogen – pt 2
which areas of interest are in organic chemistry, and which in the inorganic;
what hydrocarbons are;
how hydrocarbons are divided;
what are alkanes, alkenes and alkynes;
what chemical properties do hydrocarbons have;
what is the difference between alkanes, alkenes and alkynes;
what factor determines the combustion of hydrocarbon products.
recall information about alkanes, alkenes and alkynes;
You explain what a addition reaction is;
you will explain the polymerization reaction.
Connection reactions
Alkenes and alkynes are chemically active hydrocarbons. They are very easily subjected, for example, to the addition reaction. The addition reaction is the reaction of attaching the atoms of other elements, e.g. halogen (chlorine, bromine, iodine), to the molecule with multiple binding, without the separation of by‑products.
Polymerization reaction
Unsaturated compounds under appropriate conditions can combine with each other to form long chains. Polymerisation involves combining many molecules (monomers) into one molecule with a very long chain (polymer). As a result of the ethylene polymerization reaction, double chemical bonds break. A molecule composed of many so‑called mers. The reaction product is polyethylene.
Polymerization of styrene.
Answer the questions, then reverse the tab by clicking on it and check the correctness of the answer.
| The reaction of combining many molecules into one molecule with a very long chain is ... | polymerization |
| Which compounds are unsaturated hydrocarbons? | alkenes and alkynes |
| The field of interest of inorganic chemistry includes acids, oxides, hydroxides and… | salts |
| Which hydrocarbons cause discoloration of the bromine solution? | unsaturated hydrocarbons |
| Chemically active hydrocarbons are ... | alkenes and alkynes |
Complete the definition.
Chemical compounds with structure ............, whose molecules consist of a very large number of repeated units, they are called ................. The process of their formation, consisting of the combination of molecules, which is not accompanied by the formation of any by-products, is called ............................. The smallest repeating element of this molecule's chain is .............
Select the illustrations showing the polyethylene products.
- foil beams
- water canisters
- plastic bag
- hydraulic hose
- glass bottles
- wool skins
Match the pairs: English words with Polish definition.
węglowodory nasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla wyłącznie wiązania pojedyncze, związki chemiczne, których cząsteczki są zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, węglowodory nienasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla poza wiązaniami pojedynczymi jedno wiązanie potrójne, związki chemiczne węgla z innymi pierwiastkami, z wyjątkiem związków zaliczanych do nieorganicznych (m.in. tlenki węgla, kwas węglowy i jego sole), węglowodory nienasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla poza wiązaniami pojedynczymi jedno wiązanie podwójne
| hydrocarbons | |
| organic compounds | |
| alkanes | |
| alkenes | |
| alkyne |
Complete the addition reaction equation and sign the substrates and products
Complete the addition reaction equation and sign the substrates and products
Complete the addition reaction equation and sign the substrates and products
Complete the addition reaction equation and sign the substrates and products
Complete the addition reaction equation
Complete the addition reaction equation and sign the substrates and products
Complete the addition reaction equation
Create a multiple-choice test based on today's lesson. Then exchange your questions with a friend or classmate.
Question: ...
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- ...
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Summary
In unsaturated hydrocarbons we include hydrocarbons, in which molecules between carbon atoms in addition to single bonds there is one double bond (alkenes), and hydrocarbons, in which molecules between carbon atoms there is one triple bond (alkynes).
The alkenes form a homologous series with the general formula CIndeks dolny nnHIndeks dolny 2n2n.
Alkynes form a homologous series with the general formula CIndeks dolny nnHIndeks dolny 2n‑22n‑2
Keywords
carbon, hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, polymerization, coupling reaction
Glossary
węglowodory – związki chemiczne, których cząsteczki są zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru
związki organiczne – związki chemiczne węgla z innymi pierwiastkami, z wyjątkiem związków zaliczanych do nieorganicznych (m.in. tlenki węgla, kwas węglowy i jego sole)
alkany – węglowodory nasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla wyłącznie wiązania pojedyncze
alkeny – węglowodory nienasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla poza wiązaniami pojedynczymi jedno wiązanie podwójne
alkiny – węglowodory nienasycone, związki organiczne zbudowane z atomów węgla i wodoru, zawierające między atomami węgla poza wiązaniami pojedynczymi jedno wiązanie potrójne