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In the cabinet of noun peculiarities

Source: domena publiczna.

Link to the lesson

You will learn
  • you will tell what the peculiaritypeculiaritypeculiarity in the nounsnounnouns declinationnoun declinationdeclination is

  • you will get to know which nouns can be declined and which not

  • you will explain how the nouns ending with –um are declined

  • you will tell which nouns have only singular formsingular formsingular form or only plural formplural formplural form

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Nagranie abstraktu
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Exercise 1
Compare the features of the nouns in Polish and English. Match the elements. Nouns in Polish Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. they can have irregular plural form, 2. regular plural is created by adding the suffix -s, 3. they decline according to the number, 4. do not have the grammatical gender, 5. they can be a subject in a sentence, 6. decline Nouns in English Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. they can have irregular plural form, 2. regular plural is created by adding the suffix -s, 3. they decline according to the number, 4. do not have the grammatical gender, 5. they can be a subject in a sentence, 6. decline Common features of Polish and English nouns Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. they can have irregular plural form, 2. regular plural is created by adding the suffix -s, 3. they decline according to the number, 4. do not have the grammatical gender, 5. they can be a subject in a sentence, 6. decline
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Exercise 2
Identify declinable and indeclinable Polish nouns. Indeclinable nouns Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. yeti, 2. kakadu, 3. mango, 4. pomidor, 5. biodro, 6. gil, 7. lew, 8. dno, 9. safari, 10. bikini, 11. lód, 12. toffi, 13. taxi, 14. igloo, 15. fiat, 16. boa, 17. menu, 18. dar, 19. kakao, 20. osioł, 21. krowa, 22. staw, 23. kiwi, 24. słowo Declinable nouns Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. yeti, 2. kakadu, 3. mango, 4. pomidor, 5. biodro, 6. gil, 7. lew, 8. dno, 9. safari, 10. bikini, 11. lód, 12. toffi, 13. taxi, 14. igloo, 15. fiat, 16. boa, 17. menu, 18. dar, 19. kakao, 20. osioł, 21. krowa, 22. staw, 23. kiwi, 24. słowo
Interesting

The name of an animal – okapi is indeclinableindeclinableindeclinable. It comes from the language of the African tribetribetribe Mbuba. Okapi is a mammalmammalmammal and despite of having stripes that remind zebra’s fur, it is more related to the giraffes. For centuries (up to 1901, when it was discovered by Europeans) okapi was known only to the local people living in the jungle in the Kongo River basin. Other indeclinable names of exotic animals include:

Exercise 3

Which names of animals listed in the gallery are the same in Polish and English language? Look at the list of Polish nouns. Find their translation in the Polish‑English dictionary and write it in your notebook.

  • kakadu

  • gnu

  • emu

  • boa

  • okapi

  • kiwi

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Wykonaj ćwiczenie zgodnie z poleceniem.
Exercise 4

Create the plural form of the given nouns. Which of the following nouns have unusual plural form?

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Wykonaj ćwiczenie zgodnie z poleceniem Polish nouns: człowiek, rok, przyjaciel, oko, pies (Uzupełnij). English nouns: mouse, sheep, tooth, daughter, child (Uzupełnij).
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Exercise 5
Check in the Polish-English Dictionary and find the English equivalents of Polish nouns ending with -um. Words that have the same ending in English: akwarium - Tu uzupełnij atrium - Tu uzupełnij Bizancjum - Tu uzupełnij aluminium - Tu uzupełnij muzeum - Tu uzupełnij Words that have different ending in English: centrum - Tu uzupełnij imperium - Tu uzupełnij epicentrum - Tu uzupełnij

Latin

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Tombstone with Latin inscription
Source: domena publiczna.

LatinLatinLatin is the native language of Romans. It had a great influence on all the European languages including Polish and English. Up to the 18th century Latin was commonly used in Europe for international communication, and also in science, culture and art. Nowadays Latin is still used, however in a limited version, in many fields of science. Scientific and technical terminology is usually based on Latin. Latin is also used in media and mass culture. Nouns that end with –um originate from Latin.

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Exercise 6
Decline the word: “liceum” in the singular and plural. If you are not sure, check in the comprehensive Polish language dictionary. (uzupełnij)
Exercise 7

Give three other nouns that end with –um. What can you say about the declination of such nouns? Write the rule in your notebook.

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Exercise 8
Some Polish nouns do not decline according to the number - they have just only singular or only plural form. Look at the nouns and divide them into groups. Nouns that have only singular form Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. trojaczki, 2. sanki, 3. pokora, 4. młodzież, 5. szacunek, 6. listowie, 7. perfumy, 8. młodość, 9. imieniny, 10. prasa, 11. oświadczyny, 12. zawiść, 13. skrzypce, 14. drzwi Nouns that have only plural form Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. trojaczki, 2. sanki, 3. pokora, 4. młodzież, 5. szacunek, 6. listowie, 7. perfumy, 8. młodość, 9. imieniny, 10. prasa, 11. oświadczyny, 12. zawiść, 13. skrzypce, 14. drzwi
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Exercise 9
Some English nouns have only the plural form. Find them. Nouns that have only plural form Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. people, 2. trousers, 3. shorts, 4. balls, 5. apples, 6. arms, 7. thanks, 8. glasses, 9. books, 10. scissors, 11. cats, 12. schools, 13. jars Nouns that have singular and plural form Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. people, 2. trousers, 3. shorts, 4. balls, 5. apples, 6. arms, 7. thanks, 8. glasses, 9. books, 10. scissors, 11. cats, 12. schools, 13. jars
Exercise 10
Summarise the peculiarities in nouns declination. 
Summarise the peculiarities in nouns declination. 
Exercise 11

Think about today’s lesson. Did you like it? Finish sentences.

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Wykonaj ćwiczenie zgodnie z poleceniem. Think about today’s lesson. Did you like it? Finish sentences. Today I have learnt... Things that interested me... I would like to know more about... I need to repeat...

Keywords

parts of speech, noun, grammatical gendergrammatical gendergrammatical gender, grammatical number, singular, plural, countable nouns, uncountable nouns, declination

Glossary

noun
noun
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Nagranie słówka: noun

rzeczownik

noun declination
noun declination
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Nagranie słówka: noun declination

odmiana rzeczownika

grammatical gender
grammatical gender
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Nagranie słówka: grammatical gender

rodzaj gramatyczny

singular form
singular form
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Nagranie słówka: singular form

liczba pojedyncza

plural form
plural form
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Nagranie słówka: plural form

liczba mnoga

borrowings
borrowings
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Nagranie słówka: borrowings

zapożyczenia

peculiarity
peculiarity
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Nagranie słówka: peculiarity

osobliwość

indeclinable
indeclinable
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Nagranie słówka: indeclinable

nieodmienny

tribe
tribe
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Nagranie słówka: tribe

plemię

mammal
mammal
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Nagranie słówka: mammal

ssak

Latin
Latin
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Nagranie słówka: Latin

łacina