Lesson plan (English)
Topic: Work instead of fight? Main political movements during the Partitions
Author: Monika Piotrowska‑Marchewa
Target group
7th‑grade students of elementary school
Core curriculum
XXIV. Polish lands under the partitions in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Pupil:
describes the attitudes of Polish society in relation to the invaders - trilality, organic work, cooperative movement;
describes the formation of the modern national consciousness of Poles;
discusses the birth and first years of the existence of modern political movements (socialism, people's movement, national movement).
General aim of education
The student will learn about and be able to describe the main political movements during the Partitions at the end of the 19th century.
Key competences
communication in foreign languages;
digital competence;
learning to learn.
Criteria for success
The student will learn:
to name the main political movements during the Partitions (socialist, national and people’s movements);
to get to know the representatives of the main political movements;
to indicate differences in beliefs and programs of the main political movements.
Methods/techniques
expository
talk.
activating
discussion.
programmed
with computer;
with e‑textbook.
practical
exercices concerned.
Forms of work
individual activity;
activity in pairs;
activity in groups;
collective activity.
Teaching aids
e‑textbook;
notebook and crayons/felt‑tip pens;
interactive whiteboard, tablets/computers.
Before the lesson
The teacher asks students to prepare answers to the following question: How did Józef Piłsudski explain his juvenile fascination with socialism? The students revise their knowledge gained from the lesson in the e‑coursebook: “New ideologies: socialism” and “From national to nationalist ideology”.
Course of the lesson
Introductory phase
The teacher explains the aim and planned course of the lesson. He/she presents the criteria for success to be achieved by the students and the topic of the lesson.
The teacher talks to the students about how the generation overwhelmed by repressions after the January Uprising looked for new ways to act, as well as about the role of positivism (modernisation tendencies) and conservatism (consiliatory and loyalist attitudes) in the political life of Poles. Students do Task 1. The teacher makes sure that the task has been correctly completed and gives feedback.
Implementation phase
The teacher explains to the students that subsequent generations of Poles, who entered their adult lives in the 80s and 90s of the 19th century, refused to give up, like their parents, on the fight for independence and political rights. They rejected the concept of organic work instead of fight.
The students do Instruction 1 in pairs. They get to know the key facts about the political life of Poles in the second half of the 19th century while paying attention to differences in beliefs. They agree on conclusions. The teacher asks the students to name the political slogans put forward by the activists at the end of the 19th century. The students name the key slogans, which are written down on the board.
The teacher asks them to draw up a list of activists representing the socialist, internationalist, people’s and nationalist movements. He/she helps the students choose the four major political movements from the end of the 19th century.
The teacher selects four groups which will prepare short oral presentations concerning the beliefs and achievements of the following historical figures: Józef Piłsudski, Rosa Luxemburg, Wincenty Witos, Roman Dmowski.
Summary phase
The students do Instruction 2 and Task 2. The teacher checks if the tasks were done correctly and gives feedback.
Homework for interested students
The students prepare a presentation on the political press at the end of the 19th century.
The following terms and recordings will be used during this lesson
Terms
trójlojalizm - postawa części społeczeństwa po upadku powstania 1863 r., polegająca na wyrzeczeniu się dążeń niepodległościowych za cenę ekonomicznych i kulturalnych ustępstw ze strony zaborców
praca organiczna - hasło pozytywistów polskich, wykreowane po powstaniu styczniowym, wzywające do obrony bytu narodowego nie przez walkę zbrojną, lecz przez modrenizację społeczeństwa, rozwój gospodarki i oświaty
spółdzielczość - ruch społeczno‑gospodarczy, który narodził się w połowie XIX w., organizujący stowarzyszenia prowadzące własne przedsiębiorstwa
Międzynarodówka - organizacja międzynarodowa skupiająca partie polityczne o podobnej orientacji ideologicznej; pierwsze z nich były tworzone w XIX wieku przez organizacje socjalistyczne o zabarwieniu internacjonalistycznym
socjalizm – zbiorcze określenie ideologii i ruchów społecznych powstałych w XIX w., które chciały oprzeć ład społeczny na zasadach wspólnoty, równości i racjonalnego zarządzania gospodarką
ruch narodowy – ruch polityczny powstały pod koniec XIX w. o charakterze nacjonalistycznym. Za pierwszych jego założycieli uważa się Zygmunta Miłkowskiego i Zygmunta Balickiego, a za najważniejszego ideologa Romana Dmowskiego, twórcę Narodowej Demokracji.
nacjonalizm – pogląd głoszący wyższość danego narodu nad innymi
ruch ludowy – ruch społeczny odwołujący się do spraw chłopskich. Na ziemiach polskich zaczął kształtować się pod koniec XIX w. i dążył do zapewnienia chłopom współuczestnictwa w sprawowaniu władzy, emancypacji politycznej oraz ich udziału w życiu politycznym i społecznym.
Texts and recordings
Work instead of fight? Main political movements during the Partitions
Prior to the outbreak of World War I, many political movements had emerged on Polish lands. The first one, i.e. the socialist political party “Great Proletariat” (Polish: Wielki Proletariat), was established in 1882. In the early 90s of the 19th century, Polish socialists split into two movements – independence (PPS with Józef Piłsudski) and revolutionary (SDKPiL). The Polish national movement was represented by National Democracy (Polish: Narodowa Demokracja), led by Roman Dmowski. It advocated national solidarity. Rural communities were represented by People’s Party (Polish: Stronnictwo Ludowe), established in 1895 in Rzeszów. The party’s members, especially Wincenty Witos, played a prominent role in independent Poland.