Topicmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449000663_0Topic

Measurement of selected physical quantities

Levelmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

I. Using physical concepts and quantities to describe phenomena and to indicate their examples in the surrounding reality.

I. Cross‑sectional requirements. Student:

3) distinguishes the concepts: observation, measurement, experience; conducts selected observations, measurements and experiments using their descriptions.

Timingmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Familiarizing with the measurement methods of selected physical quantities.

Key competencesmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Recognizing instruments for measuring specific quantities.

2. Describing how to perform a direct measurementdirect measurementdirect measurement.

3. Presenting measurement results.

Operational (detailed) goalsmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- describes a direct measurementdirect measurementdirect measurement of physical quantity,

- presents measurement results.

Methodsmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning by observation.

Forms of workmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Work with the whole class.

Lesson stages

Introductionmbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528450127855_0Introduction

Task 1

a) Explain the concept of physical quantity.
b. Give examples of physical quantities you know.
c) What does it mean to make a measurement?
d) How is the generally accepted measurement system called?

Answer:

a) Physical quantity is a characteristic of a physical body, substance or physical phenomenon that can be measured.
b) The physical quantities describing the physical body are weight, lengthlengthlength, width, height, volume. Physical quantity describing a substance is, for example, density. Physical quantities describing a physical phenomenon are, for example, the duration of the phenomenon, temperaturetemperaturetemperature, change in the position of interacting bodies, forces of interactions between bodies, heat dissipated or absorbed.
c) Making a measurement is a process of comparing the size measured with a pattern in order to know the properties of an object or phenomenon.
d) To make it easier to compare the results of measurements obtained by different people in different places in the world, it was necessary to introduce a common system of measures. In 1960, at the 11th General Conference of Weights and Measures in Paris, the International System of Units was adopted, in short SI. The abbreviation comes from the French translation of the term: Le Système International d'Unités. Poland adopted this system of units in 1966. It is adopted in the vast majority of countries around the world.

Procedurembda7c826b67fd8ed_1528446435040_0Procedure

Task 2

[Slideshow]

What quantities can we measure with the above instruments and what are their names?

Answer:

Fig. 1. Vernier calliper - for example width, depth or length measurement of small objects with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
Fig. 2. Thermometer - ambient temperaturetemperaturetemperature measurement with an accuracy of 1 °C.
Fig. 3. Rules (wind‑up measuring tapes and ruler) - lengthlengthlength measurement with an accuracy of 1 mm.
Fig. 4. Analytical balance - mass measurement with an accuracy of 0,01 mg.
Fig. 5. Liquid thermometers - air temperature measurement with an accuracy of 1 °C.
Fig. 6. Stopwatch - timetimetime elapsed with an accuracy of 0,01 s.

Task 3

Determine whether the sentences below are true or false.

a) The wind‑up measuring tape is used to measure time.
b) The liquid thermometer is used to measure temperature.
c) The clock is used to measure time.
d) The stopwatch is used to measure length.
e) The analytical balance is used to measure mass.
f) The vernier calliper is used to measure for example width, depth or length small objects with an accuracy of 0,01 mm.

Answer:

a) False. b) True. c) True. d) False. e) True. f) True.

Task 4

a) Give other units of timetimetime known to you.

Answer:

a) second, minuteminuteminute, hourhourhour, quarter, day, week, month, year.

Learn how to convert units of time:

1 h = 60 min = 3600 s
1 min = 60 s = $\frac{{\displaystyle 1}}{60}$ h
1 s = $\frac{{\displaystyle 1}}{60}$ min = $\frac{{\displaystyle 1}}{3600}$ hours
1 d = 24 h = 86400 s

Task 5

Choose the correct answers:

a) half an hourhourhour is 30 minutes,
b) 1 quarter is 15 minutes,
c) 10 min = $\frac{{\displaystyle 1}}{3}$ h,
d) 24 h = 1 440 min = 144 000 s,
e) 2 h = 120 min.

Answer:

a) True. b) True. c) False. d) False. e) True.

Familiarize yourself with the units of lengthlengthlength and dependencies between them:

1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm = 0,001 km,
1 km = 1000 m = 100000 cm = 1000000 mm,
1 cm = 10 mm = 0,01 m,
1 mm = 0,1 cm = 0,001 m.

Task 6

The length of the tunnel under the English Channel is 49940 meters. How many kilometers is it?

Choose the correct answer:

a) 49,94
b) 4994,4
c) 49940,0
d) 0,49940
e) 4,9940

Answer:

a) True. b) False. c) False. d) False. e) False.

Familiarize yourself with the mass units and dependencies between them:

1 kg = 100 dag = 1000 g = 0,001 tonnetonnetonne
1 tonne = 1000 kg
1 dag = 10 g = 0,01 kg
1 g = 0,1 dag = 0,001 kg

Task 7

The ping‑pong ball has a mass of 2,5 g. How many kilograms is it?

Choose the correct answer:

a) 0,25 kg
b) 0,025 kg
c) 0,0025 kg
d) 0,00025 kg

Answer:

a) False. b) False. c) True. d) False.

Task 8

Familiarize yourself with the types of the temperaturetemperaturetemperature scale and the conversion of their units.

TIndeks dolny Kelvin_Kelvin = tIndeks dolny Celsius_Celsius + 273

tIndeks dolny Celsius_Celsius = TIndeks dolny Kelvin_Kelvin - 273

Complete the table with the conversion of unitsconversion of unitsconversion of units:

[Table 1]

Answer

[Table 2]

Lesson summarymbda7c826b67fd8ed_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The measurement is the process of comparing the measured quantity with the pattern in order to know the properties of the object or phenomenon.
The result of the measurement is presented by giving a numerical value defining the characteristic of the object with the unit.
The unit of time in the SI system is the second. The time measuring instrument is a clock.
The unit of length is the meter.
Mass - physical quantity telling us how much substance contains a specific physical body. The mass measuring device is a balance.
The degree of Celsius (symbol ℃) is a unit of temperature adopted in Poland, but in the SI system which is applicable to us, the temperature unit is Kelvin (symbol K). The temperature measuring device is a thermometer.mbda7c826b67fd8ed_1527752263647_0The measurement is the process of comparing the measured quantity with the pattern in order to know the properties of the object or phenomenon.
The result of the measurement is presented by giving a numerical value defining the characteristic of the object with the unit.
The unit of time in the SI system is the second. The time measuring instrument is a clock.
The unit of length is the meter.
Mass - physical quantity telling us how much substance contains a specific physical body. The mass measuring device is a balance.
The degree of Celsius (symbol ℃) is a unit of temperature adopted in Poland, but in the SI system which is applicable to us, the temperature unit is Kelvin (symbol K). The temperature measuring device is a thermometer.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

conversion of unitsconversion of unitsconversion of units

direct measurementdirect measurementdirect measurement

hourhourhour

lengthlengthlength

micrometermicrometermicrometer

minuteminuteminute

temperaturetemperaturetemperature

timetimetime

tonnetonnetonne