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Topicmc084e66d26779526_1528449000663_0Topic

Uniform circular motion

Levelmc084e66d26779526_1528449084556_0Level

Third

Core curriculummc084e66d26779526_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

II. Mechanics. The student:

4) describes uniform circular motion using the concepts of period, frequencyfrequencyfrequency and linear velocity and corresponding units.

Timingmc084e66d26779526_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General learning objectivesmc084e66d26779526_1528449523725_0General learning objectives

Identifies uniform circular motionuniform circular motionuniform circular motion.

Key competencesmc084e66d26779526_1528449552113_0Key competences

1. Determines the direction of the velocity for an object in uniform circular motion.

2. Determines the relationship between the period of the motion and the frequency of circulationcirculationcirculation.

Operational (detailed) goalsmc084e66d26779526_1528450430307_0Operational (detailed) goals

The student:

- describes uniform circular motion using the concepts of period, frequency and linear velocity,

- explains the difference between speed and direction of velocity in uniform circular motion.

Methodsmc084e66d26779526_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Discussion.

2. Experiment.

Forms of workmc084e66d26779526_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmc084e66d26779526_1528450127855_0Introduction

The teacher asks the students to remind basic concepts of uniform motion.

What uniform motion is? Which quantities describe it?

Proceduremc084e66d26779526_1528446435040_0Procedure

The teacher initiates a discussion about uniform circular motionuniform circular motionuniform circular motion.

Task 1

Try to define what uniform circular motion is? What are its characteristics? Give some examples of uniform circular motion from daily life.

Answer:

Some possible answers:
The movement of any point on the globe.
A chair of a rotating chain carousel.
The tip of seconds’ hand of a watch.

The teacher introduces a concept of uniform circular motion.

Uniform circular motionuniform circular motionUniform circular motion:

Uniform circular motion is a motion along a circular path of a given radiusradiusradius. In uniform circular motion the speed remains constant, but the velocity direction changes. Speed is a magnitude of a velocity vector. Direction of velocity is always tangent to the circle. The linear speed vector is mark by the symbol v.

[Interactive graphics]

Period:

Circular motion is periodic. It means that the motion occurs at regular time interval called the period. The symbol for the period is T. The period is the time for one complete revolution. Period is measured in seconds.mc084e66d26779526_1527752256679_0Circular motion is periodic. It means that the motion occurs at regular time interval called the period. The symbol for the period is T. The period is the time for one complete revolution. Period is measured in seconds.

Definition:

PeriodperiodPeriod – time required for one complete revolution.

Frequency:

Whereas the period is the time an object takes to make a complete circle, the frequencyfrequencyfrequency is the number of revolutions the object makes per unit of time. The frequency f is the reciprocal of the periodperiodperiod:

f=1T

Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), 1Hz=1s.

Definition:

Frequency – number of revolutions the object makes per unit of time.

Linear velocity:

In uniform circular motionuniform circular motionuniform circular motion, an object covers the same length of the arc segment of a circle in each second of time. The distance covered in one complete revolution around the perimeter of a circle is equal to the circumferencecircumferencecircumference of the circle.

A bicycle wheel shown below is rolling for one complete rotation. The position of a dot on the circumferencecircumferencecircumference of the wheel changes continuously and comes back to the same position after one complete rotation.

[Illustration 1]

The linear velocity in uniform circular motion can be determined as the ratio of the length of the covered arc segment s to the time t in which it was covered:

v=st

For one complete revolution:

v=2·π·rT

where:
r - radiusradiusradius of a circle,
T - the periodperiodperiod,
s=2·π·r.

This formula can be rewritten using the frequencyfrequencyfrequency instead of the period

v=2·π·r·f

The linear velocity in uniform circular motionuniform circular motionuniform circular motion is identical to the magnitude of the velocity vector - speed.

The students work individually.

Task 2

A small plastic airplane is held on a string and the child spins it over and over again. If the radiusradiusradius of its circle path is 1,0 m and its periodperiodperiod is 1,0 s, what is its speed?

Answer:

6,3 ms.

The students work in groups.

Task  3

You want to calculate what speed a bicycle wheel can reach. Plan an experiment scenario and explain what should be done to measure all necessary quantities.

Lesson summarymc084e66d26779526_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Uniform circular motion is a motion along a circular path of a given radius. In uniform circular motion the speed remains constant, but the velocity direction changes. Circular motion is periodic.mc084e66d26779526_1527752263647_0Uniform circular motion is a motion along a circular path of a given radius. In uniform circular motion the speed remains constant, but the velocity direction changes. Circular motion is periodic.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

uniform circular motionuniform circular motionuniform circular motion

radiusradiusradius

circumferencecircumferencecircumference

periodperiodperiod

frequencyfrequencyfrequency

periodicperiodicperiodic

time intervaltime intervaltime interval

circulationcirculationcirculation

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frequency1
frequency

częstotliwość

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uniform circular motion1
uniform circular motion

jednostajny ruch po okręgu

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radius1
radius

promień

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period1
period

okres

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circumference1
circumference

obwód

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periodic1
periodic

okresowy

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time interval1
time interval

przedział czasowy

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circulation1
circulation

obrót

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