Topicm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449000663_0Topic

Axial symmetryaxial symmetryAxial symmetry

Levelm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

XV. Symmetries. The student:

3) identifies axially symmetric figures and marks their axes of symmetry and completes the figurefigurefigure to be axially symmetric having the axis of symmetry and a part of a given figure.

Timingm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivem2221ff991db4cc40_1528449523725_0General objective

Using simple, well known mathematical objects, interpreting mathematical concepts.

Specific objectivesm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Determining the properties of points and figures in axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry.

2. Constructing points and figures symmetric about an axis.

3. Communicating in English, developing basic mathematical, computer and scientific competences, developing learning skills.

Learning outcomesm2221ff991db4cc40_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- determines the properties of points and figures in axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry,

- constructs points and figures symmetric with respect to an axis.

Methodsm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Brainstorming.

2. Discussion.

Forms of workm2221ff991db4cc40_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm2221ff991db4cc40_1528450127855_0Introduction

The teacher introduces the topic of the lesson: axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry. Students will construct points and figures symmetric about an axis.

Task

Students draw any line segmentline segmentline segment and a line that does not have any common points with the line segment. Then, through brainstorming, they try to find the ‘mirror image’imageimage’ of the line segmentline segmentline segment about an axis.

Procedurem2221ff991db4cc40_1528446435040_0Procedure

Task

Students work individually using computers.

[Geogeba applet]  

Their task is to observe the properties of the points symmetric about an axis. Students answer the following question.

- Are the points A and A’ located on a line perpendicular to line m?

- Are the points A and A’ located on opposite sides of line m?

- Is the distance from pointpointpoint A to line m the same as the distance from pointpointpoint A’ to line m?

Together with the teacher students write down the properties of the points symmetric about an axis.

Definition of axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry.

Point A’ is symmetrical to point A with respect to axis m (point A’ is the image of point A with respect to axis m) if:
1. Points A and A’ lie on the line perpendicular to axis m,
2. Points A and A’ lie on the opposite sides of axis m,
3. The distance from point A to axis m is equal to the distance between point A’ and axis m.
m2221ff991db4cc40_1527752263647_0Point A’ is symmetrical to point A with respect to axis m (point A’ is the image of point A with respect to axis m) if:
1. Points A and A’ lie on the line perpendicular to axis m,
2. Points A and A’ lie on the opposite sides of axis m,
3. The distance from point A to axis m is equal to the distance between point A’ and axis m.

[Illustration 1]

If point A is located on axis m then A = A’.m2221ff991db4cc40_1527752263647_0If point A is located on axis m then A = A’.

[Illustration 2]

Symmetry with respect to an axis is called axial symmetry.m2221ff991db4cc40_1527752263647_0Symmetry with respect to an axis is called axial symmetry.

Task

Students draw line p and pointpointpoint A, which is not located on this line. Then, they construct the point symmetric to point A with respect to line p.

Figures symmetric with respect to an axis.

Students observe figures symmetrical with respect to an axis and determine their properties.

Figures symmetrical with respect to an axis.

[Illustration 3]

Definition
Figures M and MIndeks dolny 1 are symmetrical with respect to axis p. This means that all points of figure MIndeks dolny 1 are images of the corresponding points of figure M in axial symmetry with respect to axis p.m2221ff991db4cc40_1527712094602_0Figures M and MIndeks dolny 1 are symmetrical with respect to axis p. This means that all points of figure MIndeks dolny 1 are images of the corresponding points of figure M in axial symmetry with respect to axis p.

Students think what figurefigurefigure is the imageimageimage of the pointpointpoint, the line segmentline segmentline segment, the polygonpolygonpolygon or the circlecirclecircle in axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry.

In axial symmetry the image:
- of a point is a point,
- of a line segment is a line segment of the same length,
- of a polygon is a polygon of the same area and perimeter,
- of a circle is a circle of the same radius.
m2221ff991db4cc40_1527752256679_0In axial symmetry the image:
- of a point is a point,
- of a line segment is a line segment of the same length,
- of a polygon is a polygon of the same area and perimeter,
- of a circle is a circle of the same radius.

Task

Students draw a circlecirclecircle whose centre is pointpointpoint A and whose radius is 5 cm, and line p which has no common points with the circlecirclecircle. Then, they construct a circle symmetrical to the previously drawn circlecirclecircle with respect to axis p.

An extra task:

Draw any equilateral triangletriangletriangle ABC. Find the imageimageimage of the triangletriangletriangle ABC symmetrical with respect to the axis which contains the side of the triangletriangletriangle. What kind of polygonpolygonpolygon do you obtain? What is the area and the perimeterperimeterperimeter of this polygonpolygonpolygon?

Lesson summarym2221ff991db4cc40_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Students do the revision exercises.

Then together they sum‑up the classes, by formulating the conclusions to memorise.

Point A’ is symmetrical to pointpointpoint A with respect to axis m (point A’ is the imageimageimage of point A with respect to axis m) if:

1. Points A and A’ lie on the line perpendicular to axis m,

2. Points A and A’ lie on the opposite sides of axis m,

3. The distance from pointpointpoint A to axis m is equal to the distance between point A’ and axis m.

Figures M and MIndeks dolny 1 are symmetrical with respect to axis p. This means that all points of figure MIndeks dolny 1 are images of the corresponding points of figure M in axial symmetry with respect to axis p.m2221ff991db4cc40_1527712094602_0Figures M and MIndeks dolny 1 are symmetrical with respect to axis p. This means that all points of figure MIndeks dolny 1 are images of the corresponding points of figure M in axial symmetry with respect to axis p.

In axial symmetry the image:
- of a point is a point,
- of a line segment is a line segment of the same length,
- of a polygon is a polygon of the same area and perimeter,
- of a circle is a circle of the same radius.
m2221ff991db4cc40_1527752256679_0In axial symmetry the image:
- of a point is a point,
- of a line segment is a line segment of the same length,
- of a polygon is a polygon of the same area and perimeter,
- of a circle is a circle of the same radius.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

axial symmetryaxial symmetryaxial symmetry

circlecirclecircle

figurefigurefigure

imageimageimage

line segmentline segmentline segment

perimeterperimeterperimeter

pointpointpoint

polygonpolygonpolygon

symmetrical figuressymmetrical figuressymmetrical figures

triangletriangletriangle

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axial symmetry1
axial symmetry

symetria osiowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: axial symmetry
figure1
figure

figura

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wymowa w języku angielskim: figure
line segment1
line segment

odcinek

RIDLl8VVS39m21
wymowa w języku angielskim: line segment
image1
image

obraz

RfZmjiLZDKR321
wymowa w języku angielskim: image
point1
point

punkt

RnCpxivnfcjZ61
wymowa w języku angielskim: point
polygon1
polygon

wielokąt

RBtQr5Brhuaxd1
wymowa w języku angielskim: polygon
circle1
circle

okrąg

R1MTRF8Poxxm11
wymowa w języku angielskim: circle
triangle1
triangle

trójkąt

R1Cl8Up7vaLnD1
wymowa w języku angielskim: triangle
perimeter1
perimeter

obwód

R1WNHdtyZ8TkE1
wymowa w języku angielskim: perimeter
symmetrical figures1
symmetrical figures

figury symetryczne (figury F1 i F2 symetryczne względem prostej p)

R2J7TNnBjmILX1
wymowa w języku angielskim: symmetrical figures