Topicm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449000663_0Topic

Specialized databases

Levelm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

Grade VII and VIII

IV. Developing social skills. The student:

2) critically assesses information and its sources, particularly the web ones, in terms of their reliability and credibility in the context of real situations, appreciates the significance of open resources and uses them.

4 ) defines the scope of IT competences necessary to perform various professions, considers and discusses the choice of further and in‑depth education, also in the field of computer science.

Timingm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivem2187b31fc53a1262_1528449523725_0General objective

Understanding the principles of the functioning of databases.

Specific objectivesm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Understanding the principles of creating databases.

2. Understanding the basic terminology used in the theory of databases.

Learning outcomesm2187b31fc53a1262_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- knows the principles of creating databases,

- knows the basic terms used in the theory of databases.

Methodsm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning by doing.

2. Discussion.

Forms of workm2187b31fc53a1262_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Indvidual student’s activity.

2. Class work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm2187b31fc53a1262_1528450127855_0Introduction

Answer the introductory questions:

1. What are databases?

2. Where are databases used?

3. Can the content of databases be protected?

4. Can a table be a database?

You will discuss the answers in the classroom.

Procedurem2187b31fc53a1262_1528446435040_0Procedure

If any of you have not noticed, I assure you that we have become an information society, in which information of all kinds constitutes a very significant value. Moreover, information has become a commercial commodity. With information is like with goods - you need to store it somewhere and do it in an organized way, so that you can easily find the information you need. The databases serve this purpose.
Any ordered collection of information can be described as a database and we can safely name a contact list in your mobile phone a database. In fact, even the timetable at the bus stop is a small database containing information on bus departure times.
The database is a set of related information stored in a strictly defined way in a strictly defined structure.
According to the subject of the lesson, let us consider, however, when such a database can be considered specialized?
m2187b31fc53a1262_1527752256679_0If any of you have not noticed, I assure you that we have become an information society, in which information of all kinds constitutes a very significant value. Moreover, information has become a commercial commodity. With information is like with goods - you need to store it somewhere and do it in an organized way, so that you can easily find the information you need. The databases serve this purpose.
Any ordered collection of information can be described as a database and we can safely name a contact list in your mobile phone a database. In fact, even the timetable at the bus stop is a small database containing information on bus departure times.
The database is a set of related information stored in a strictly defined way in a strictly defined structure.
According to the subject of the lesson, let us consider, however, when such a database can be considered specialized?

First of all, we can talk about a specialized databasedatabasedatabase if it contains information that is difficult to access and is addressed to a small group of people.

Most often these are scientific databases, because the information they contain is obtained as a result of rare and difficult scientific research, and in addition, the results of this research found in such a database will be interesting for a very small group of people.

Secondly, as a specialized database should be considered the one in which many related information is contained, which after being submitted to specialized processing can answer a precise question. At first glance, it is very complicated, but if you think about it then you will come to the conclusion that we deal mainly with such databases.

Such a database is a database of companies. In the simplest form, it contains the name, address including town, contact details and branch of industry. Thanks to such a database, we can quickly find e.g. a garden shop or locksmith shop in our area. However, if such a database will be expanded by, for example, the number of employees and the office or factory area, then analysis of such a database will be more interesting for a company offering office furniture, if it receives a list of companies in their voivodship, in an office sector that employs at least 15 employees. Thanks to this information, the chance of a commercial contact and a good contract is greater than if you try to call with a proposal to sell such furniture „at random”.

Similarly, insurance companies collect a lot of different information about all accidents and incidents, so that they can then assess the risk and determine the amount of insurance premiums. As a result of such analyses, the premium is different depending on the place where the car is registered, how old is the driver and how many years the driver has a driving license. Analysing such specialized databases, it has been noticed that in some cities accidents happen more often than in others, that young people are more likely to drive reckless and drivers, who got a driving license recently, have much less experience - these drivers will pay a higher insurance premium.

Many companies, as well as banks and mobile telephony operators, also use economic information offices offering access to databases containing financial information about loans and arrears in payment of bills. These databases are created thanks to the cooperation of banks and credit institutions, as well as companies informing about unpaid invoices or bills.

A specialised database can also be school registers if we decide to search for more complex information in them. Imagine that the sponsor will decide to fund prizes for those students who learn well, do not leave lessons and systematically improve their results. For this purpose, the assessment and attendance database would have to be searched in a proper way, and those students should be selected whose average grades for the last 3 semesters are, for example, at least 4.0, who have not left more than 5 days a year, whose behaviour is at least very good and whose grades in individual subjects were on the same level or improved, but did not deteriorate.

Therefore, specialized databases are those databases which, after analysis, are able to provide a specific, precise answer to a difficult question.

Task 1
Discuss in class what to do to turn your notes into a databasedatabasedatabase.

Task 2
Watch the Slideshow. Search for the websites with the specialist databases below.

[Slideshow]

Task 3
Create your own database in which you can gather information about animals. You can choose only one species. Use any spreadsheet. Using the method of data filtering check if you are able to get an answer to one specific question: for example, what is the name of a big dog with a long tail, short hair and patches?m2187b31fc53a1262_1527752263647_0Create your own database in which you can gather information about animals. You can choose only one species. Use any spreadsheet. Using the method of data filtering check if you are able to get an answer to one specific question: for example, what is the name of a big dog with a long tail, short hair and patches?

Lesson summarym2187b31fc53a1262_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

databasedatabasedatabase is a set of related information stored in a strictly defined way in a strictly defined structure.

Therefore, specialized databases are those databases which, after analysis, are able to provide a specific, precise answer to a difficult question.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

databasedatabasedatabase

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database1
database

baza danych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: database