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Topicmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449000663_0Topic

Column multiplication by multi‑digit numbers

Levelmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummdf6370c3388695fe_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

II. Operations on natural numbers. Student:

3) multiplies and divides the natural number by a one-, two- or three‑digit natural number with the use of column method, by a mental calculation method (in the easiest examples) and using a calculator (in more complex examples).

Timingmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivemdf6370c3388695fe_1528449523725_0General objective

Performing uncomplicated calculations in mind or by column method in more difficult cases and the use of these skills in practical situations.

Specific objectivesmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Column multiplication of natural numbers by multi‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbers.

2. Column multiplication of natural numbers by multi‑digit numbers ending with zeros.

3. Communicating in English, developing mathematics skills, scientific, technical and IT competences; developing learning skills.

Learning outcomesmdf6370c3388695fe_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The Student:

- multiplies natural numbers by multi‑digit numbers in columns,

- multiplies in columns natural numbers by multi‑digit numbers ending with zeros.

Methodsmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Case study.

2. Task table method.

Forms of workmdf6370c3388695fe_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmdf6370c3388695fe_1528450127855_0Introduction

Students revise the known methods of column multiplicationcolumn multiplicationcolumn multiplication of natural numbers by single‑digit numbers, by numbers ending with zeros and methods of column addition.

Proceduremdf6370c3388695fe_1528446435040_0Procedure

Discussion

- How to multiply two two‑digit numbers by themselves?
- How to multiply such numbers using mental maths?
- Is it possible to use the column multiplicationcolumn multiplicationcolumn multiplication methods to do the following operations 23 · 31, 125 · 15, etc.?

Students work individually using computers. They open slideshow and observe how we multiply natural numbers by two‑digit numbers in columns. After finishing the task, they present the results of their observations.

[Slideshow]

Conclusions:
- write the numbers one under the other so that the ones are under ones and tens under the tens.
- we multiply the first factor by successive digits of the second factor. We write the products received and add them to one another.

The teacher divides the students into three groups. Each of the groups receives a different problem to analyze. The team's task is to solve a given task and present their conclusions to other students.

Tasks for group I
1. Analyze the example shown below.
2. Write down the pattern for multiplication of natural numbers by three‑digit numbers.
3. Write down what patterns you learned before.
4. Perform the column multiplicationcolumn multiplicationcolumn multiplication of natural numbers using the learned pattern.
a) 2547 · 123
b) 258 · 342

Example 1

1 465 · 237 = 347 205

[Illustration 1]

Tasks for group II
1. Analyze the example shown below.
2. Write the pattern for multiplication of natural numbers by three‑digit numbers in which the digit of hundreds is zero.
3. Write what patterns you learned before.
4. Perform the column multiplication of natural numbers using the learned pattern.
a) 2547 · 103
b) 258 · 302

Example 2

1 238 · 204 = 252 552

[Illustration 2]

Tasks for group III
1. Analyze the example shown below.
2. Write down the pattern for multiplication of natural numbers by multi‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbers ending with zeros.
3. Write what patterns you learned before.
4. Perform the column multiplication of natural numbers using the learned pattern.
a) 2547 · 103
b) 258 · 302

Example 3

1 370 · 2400 = 3 288 000

[Illustration 3]

Students present the results of their work and formulated conclusions.
Conclusions:
Group I
- we write the numbers one under the other so that the ones are under ones and tens under tens,
- we multiply the first factor by successive digits of the second factor. We write down the products received and add them to one another,
- multiplication of natural numbers by three‑digit numbers follows the same pattern as multiplying natural numbers by two‑digit numbers.

Group II
- we write the numbers one under the other so that the ones are under ones and tens under tens,
- we multiply the first factor by successive digits of the second factor. We write down the products received and add them to one another,
- multiplying by tens digit equal to zero does not affect the final result. We can thus omit the product obtained in this way,
- multiplication of natural numbers by three‑digit numbers follows the same pattern as multiplying natural numbers by two‑digit numbers.

Group III
- in column multiplication of two factors ending with zeros, we extend all the final zeros of both numbers to the right,
- then we multiply the numbers without zeros in accordance with the learned patterns. We add as many zeros to the result as there are in both of the numbers together. The teacher assesses the students' work and clarifies any doubts.

An extra task:

Multiply in columns:

two million seven hundred and four times one hundred and three

Lesson summarymdf6370c3388695fe_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Students do the revision tasks.

They summarise the lesson together and formulate conclusions to remember.

- to perform column of the natural number by a multi‑digit number, write the numbers one under the other so that the ones are under ones and tens under the tens,
- then we multiply the first factor by successive digits of the second factor,
We write down the products received and add them to themselves,
- multiplying by a digit equal to zero, not placed at the end of the number, does not affect the final result. We can thus omit the product obtained in this way.
mdf6370c3388695fe_1527752263647_0- to perform column of the natural number by a multi‑digit number, write the numbers one under the other so that the ones are under ones and tens under the tens,
- then we multiply the first factor by successive digits of the second factor,
We write down the products received and add them to themselves,
- multiplying by a digit equal to zero, not placed at the end of the number, does not affect the final result. We can thus omit the product obtained in this way.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

column multiplicationcolumn multiplicationcolumn multiplication

multi‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbersmulti‑digit numbers

factorsfactorsfactors

digit of unitydigit of unitydigit of unity

digit of tensdigit of tensdigit of tens

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multi‑digit numbers1
multi‑digit numbers

liczby wielocyfrowe

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wymowa w języku angielskim: multi‑digit numbers
column multiplication1
column multiplication

mnożenie pisemne

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wymowa w języku angielskim: column multiplication
factors1
factors

czynniki

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wymowa w języku angielskim: factors
digit of unity1
digit of unity

cyfra jedności

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wymowa w języku angielskim: digit of unity
digit of tens1
digit of tens

cyfra dziesiątek

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wymowa w języku angielskim: digit of tens