Topicmb936744ece3667b5_1528449000663_0Topic

Formatting paragraphs

Levelmb936744ece3667b5_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculummb936744ece3667b5_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

Grade IV‑VI

II. Programming and solving problems by using the computer and other digital devices. The student:

3) develops and presents solutions to problems by using basic applications (a text and image editor, a spreadsheet, a programme for creating a multimedia presentation) on the computer or in a cloud to demonstrate the following skills:

b) creating text documents: selecting fonts, formatting paragraphs, inserting illustrations, headings and shapes, creating tables and bulleted and numbered lists.

Timingmb936744ece3667b5_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivemb936744ece3667b5_1528449523725_0General objective

Creating text documents.

Specific objectivesmb936744ece3667b5_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Formatting paragraphs.

Learning outcomesmb936744ece3667b5_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- formats paragraphs in a text document.

Methodsmb936744ece3667b5_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Learning through observation.

2. Using the knowledge in practical situations.

Forms of workmb936744ece3667b5_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Class work.

Lesson stages

Introductionmb936744ece3667b5_1528450127855_0Introduction

The students revise the information about formatting characters.

What font parameters can be formatted?
What is a font style?
What is a font?

The teacher asks the students about other methods of formatting text.
What is another method of changing the appearance of text in a document?

A paragraphparagraphparagraph is a part of the text usually comprising thematically separate and consistent content. It begins in a new line and its first line may be indented.

Proceduremb936744ece3667b5_1528446435040_0Procedure

Before we discuss the methods of formatting paragraphs, let’s take a closer look at formatting marks. They are non‑printing characters that define the formatting of text in a document. These marks will never appear on a printed copy but you can decide if they will be displayed on the screen. To do this, use the Show/Hide button ¶ on the Home tab.

The basic formatting marks include:

- spaces,
- tab characters,
- paragraph marks.

[Illustration 1]

Task 1

Download the attached document and save it in your home directory. Learn the look of non‑printing characters, spaces and paragraphs marks.

What does the spacespacespace character look like?

Are all space characters identical?

What are the properties of spaces differently marked?

ParagraphparagraphParagraph formatting is a change in the parameters of entire paragraphs. It includes the change in:

- line spacingline spacingline spacing – the distance between the lines of text,
- indents (left and right),
- spacingspacingspacing (before and after a paragraph),
- alignment,
- the indentation of the first line of a paragraph.

You can apply the borders and shading options to paragraphs.

If you want to format multiple paragraphs, you must select them all. In order to select a paragraph:

- triple‑click the paragraphparagraphparagraph which you want to select,
- double‑click with the left mouse button on the left margin near the paragraph you want to select,
- select the paragraph with the mouse while holding the left mouse button,
- using the keyboard shortcut CTRL+SHIFT+↓.

In order to apply changes to a single paragraph, you do not need to select it. All you have to do is to place the cursor within the paragraph and then to select the appropriate commands.

The paragraph parameters:
A paragraph is a part of the text containing several sentences, which deals with a particular idea. While writing in a text editor you should use the same writing principles which you apply when writing in a notebook. When you type in the text which is too long for one line, it will be automatically wrapped into the next line while typing. The ENTER key should be pressed only at the end of the paragraph.

Line spacingline spacingLine spacing is the distance between the lines in a paragraph. You can adjust it to your needs. When single spacingspacingspacing is selected, the line spacing is adjusted to the font size. The option 1.5 lines refers to the line spacing which is 1.5 times greater than the font size.

Alignment is a paragraphparagraphparagraph parameter which used the most commonly. The test in a paragraph can be aligned to the left or right, centred or justified.

[Interactive graphics]

The indentation of the first line of a paragraph is also a paragraph parameter which can be freely modified.

Task 2

Open the document which you used for the previous task.

- How many paragraphs does it contain?
- Centre the title.
- Set the indentindentindent of 2.5 cm for the first line of the paragraphs.
- Justify both paragraphs.
- At the end of the text write your first name, surname and the current date.

SpacingspacingSpacing (before and after a paragraph) is the last paragraph parameter discussed here. By using it you can modify the distance between paragraphs.

The tools for paragraph formatting can be found:

- on the Home tab, in the ParagraphparagraphParagraph group (line spacingline spacingline spacing, spacing, alignment),

[Illustration 2]

- on the Layout tab, in the Paragraph group (indentindentindent and spacingspacingspacing).

[Illustration 3]

The Paragraph dialogue box, which includes all the tools for paragraph formatting, appears after selecting the icon in the bottom right corner of each group.mb936744ece3667b5_1527752256679_0The Paragraph dialogue box, which includes all the tools for paragraph formatting, appears after selecting the icon in the bottom right corner of each group.

[Illustration 4]

Task 3

Open the document which you used for the previous task. Set the spacing of 10 points before and after the paragraphs. Save the file.

Lesson summarymb936744ece3667b5_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

Remember to format paragraphs with the use of tools available in a text editor. Entering additional spaces, paragraph marks or tab characters may have undesired effects, for instance when you change the font or the font size. Create paragraphs whose beginning and end fall at the beginning and the end of a page – this will create a clear layout of your document. Do not use the tab character or the space for indentation. Leaving a preposition or a conjunction at the end of a line is a typographical error in the Polish language. When you want to separate paragraphs, use either spacing or indentation, not both.mb936744ece3667b5_1527752263647_0Remember to format paragraphs with the use of tools available in a text editor. Entering additional spaces, paragraph marks or tab characters may have undesired effects, for instance when you change the font or the font size. Create paragraphs whose beginning and end fall at the beginning and the end of a page – this will create a clear layout of your document. Do not use the tab character or the space for indentation. Leaving a preposition or a conjunction at the end of a line is a typographical error in the Polish language. When you want to separate paragraphs, use either spacing or indentation, not both.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

line spacingline spacingline spacing

indentindentindent

aligningaligningaligning

spacingspacingspacing

centeringcenteringcentering

justificationjustificationjustification

spacespacespace

paragraphparagraphparagraph