Topicm20187c204cc24b46_1528449000663_0Topic

The scale of the plan and the map

Levelm20187c204cc24b46_1528449084556_0Level

Second

Core curriculumm20187c204cc24b46_1528449076687_0Core curriculum

XII. Practical calculations:

8) calculates the real length of the segment having its length on the map  

and the length of the segment in the scale on the map having its real length.

Timingm20187c204cc24b46_1528449068082_0Timing

45 minutes

General objectivem20187c204cc24b46_1528449523725_0General objective

Interpreting and creating mathematical texts and presenting data graphically.

Specific objectivesm20187c204cc24b46_1528449552113_0Specific objectives

1. Reading different types of scales.

2. Using the scale of the mapmapmap and the planplanplan to calculate the real distancereal distancereal distance between two places.

3. Communicating in English; developing mathematical and basic scientific, technical and digital competences; developing learning skills.

Learning outcomesm20187c204cc24b46_1528450430307_0Learning outcomes

The student:

- reads ratio, verbal and linear scales,

- uses the scale of the map and the plan to calculate the real distancereal distancereal distance between two places.

Methodsm20187c204cc24b46_1528449534267_0Methods

1. Brain storming.

2. Situational analysis.

Forms of workm20187c204cc24b46_1528449514617_0Forms of work

1. Individual work.

2. Group work.

Lesson stages

Introductionm20187c204cc24b46_1528450127855_0Introduction

The students brings to the class the following items:

- the ruler,
- the compass,
- the calculator.

The teacher prepares:

- the mapmapmap of Europe,
- the atlases with administrative‑road map of Poland for each group,
- the ruler,
- the compass.

The teachers revises that the scale informs how many times the real dimensionsreal dimensionsreal dimensions of the objects were enlarged or reduced.

The students answer the following questions:

What scale was used if the dimensions of the figure were four times enlarged?

What scale was used if the dimensions of the figure were two times reduced?

What scale corresponds to the real dimensionsreal dimensionsreal dimensions of the figure?

Procedurem20187c204cc24b46_1528446435040_0Procedure

The teacher introduces the topic of the lesson: discovering the methods of finding the real distancereal distancereal distance between two places depending on the mapmapmap.

The students answer the following questions:

What is a planplanplan?

What is a mapmapmap?

What is the difference between the plan and a map?

What does the scale of a map or a plan inform about?

The students come up with the following conclusions:

- The planplanplan and a map are the graphical representation of an area or land by using the symbolic signs. The plan shows smaller part of the land so there are more details in it.
- The scale on the map and the plane informs how many times the real distances were reduced  to show them on the map or the plan.

The teacher specifies the students’ conclusions:

Scale of the map or the planplanplan is the ratio between the distance of two points on the map and the real distance on ground. The linear distance in a straight line is considered excluding the topography. It can be written in the following way:

scale  of  a  map = the  distance  on  the  mapreal  distance

The students decide how to write the scale of the mapmapmap or the plan. They give the following examples.

The students should mention three ways of writing the scale.

- By using only the numbers, e.g. 1 : 2,000,000,
- By using numbers and units e.g. 1 cm - 2 km,
- Graphically , in a form of graduation.

The teacher specifies students’ conclusions.

The scale described by the quotient (it can be used the fraction as well) e.g.  

1 : 2,000,000 is called the ratio scaleratio scaleratio scale. It informs that one segment on the map equals 2,000,000 relevant segments on the ground.

The scale described by using the numbers and the units of length is called the verbal scaleverbal scaleverbal scale e.g. 1 cm - 2 km. We read it as 1 cm on the map is equal to 2 km on ground.

The scale presented graphically is called the linear (bar) scalelinear (bar) scalelinear (bar) scale.

[Interactive graphics]

Task 1

Change the following scales:

a) the scale 1 : 300,000 into verbal scaleverbal scaleverbal scale,
b) the scale 1 cm - 25 km into ratio scaleratio scaleratio scale.

The students analyse the part of the city planplanplan of Augustów. They specify the scale the plan was made. Studying the plan they do the following tasks:

[Illustration 1]

Task 2

Depending on the information in the drawing calculate the real distance from the crossing of Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego Avenue and Partyzantów  Street to the crossing of Turystyczna Street. Present the result using centimetres, metres and kilometres.m20187c204cc24b46_1527752256679_0Depending on the information in the drawing calculate the real distance from the crossing of Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego Avenue and Partyzantów  Street to the crossing of Turystyczna Street. Present the result using centimetres, metres and kilometres.

Task 3

On the plan with the scale of 1 cm – 150 m the distance from the school to the house is 7 cm. How much is the real distancereal distancereal distance? Give the result in metres and kilometres.

The teacher presents the mapmapmap of Europe.

The students use the linear scale to specify how many kilometres on the ground equal 1 cm on the map.

The students choose three European capitals which they would like to visit. Then the teacher chooses three students who specify the distances in a straight line between Warsaw and the capitals.

The first students use the ruler in such a way he connects Warsaw and the chosen capital with the line. The other student uses the compass to measure how many unit segments of the linear scale are within the line between Warsaw and selected capital. The third student multiplies the result by the number the scale informs about. the student give the result in kilometres.

The students work in groups. They are going to use the atlases to calculate the real distance between the cities in Poland.

Task 4

Open the atlas. Look for the administrative- road map of Poland.  Calculate the real distance in a straight line between the following cities:

a) Gdańsk, Bydgoszcz,
b) Bydgoszcz, Łódź,
c) Łódź, Kraków,
d) Kraków, Zakopane.

You can use the calculator. Round the results to the nearest kilometre.

After completing the task the groups presents their results.

The students answer the following question:

How many kilometres does the driver have to drive if he goes from Gdansk to Zakopane via Bydgoszcz, Lodz and Cracow?

An extra task:

Open the atlas and look at the administrative‑road mapmapmap of Poland. Plan the journey from Lublin to Poznan via three cities. Calculate the real distancereal distancereal distance between these cities first, then calculate the length of the whole route.

Lesson summarym20187c204cc24b46_1528450119332_0Lesson summary

The students do the summarising tasks. 

Then they sum up the class drawing the conclusions to memorise:

- There are three basic scales on the maps and on the planes: the ratio, the verbal and the linear (bar) scales.
- The ratio scale is written as a quotient ( can be in a form of a fraction) e.g. 1 : 2,000,000 (read as one to two million).
- The verbal scale is written by using the numbers and the units of length e.g. 1 cm - 2 km (read as one centimetres on a map is equal two kilometres on the ground).
- The linear bar is presented graphically.
- To calculate the real distance between two places on the map one should measure the straight line distance between them and multiply the result by the number which is read using the scale of the map.
m20187c204cc24b46_1527752263647_0- There are three basic scales on the maps and on the planes: the ratio, the verbal and the linear (bar) scales.
- The ratio scale is written as a quotient ( can be in a form of a fraction) e.g. 1 : 2,000,000 (read as one to two million).
- The verbal scale is written by using the numbers and the units of length e.g. 1 cm - 2 km (read as one centimetres on a map is equal two kilometres on the ground).
- The linear bar is presented graphically.
- To calculate the real distance between two places on the map one should measure the straight line distance between them and multiply the result by the number which is read using the scale of the map.

Selected words and expressions used in the lesson plan

ratio scaleratio scaleratio scale

verbal scaleverbal scaleverbal scale

linear (bar) scalelinear (bar) scalelinear (bar) scale

real distancereal distancereal distance

mapmapmap

planplanplan

enlargementenlargementenlargement

reductionreductionreduction

real dimensionsreal dimensionsreal dimensions

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map1
map

mapa

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plan1
plan

plan

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real distance1
real distance

rzeczywista odległość

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wymowa w języku angielskim: real distance
real dimensions1
real dimensions

rzeczywiste wymiary

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ratio scale1
ratio scale

skala liczbowa

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verbal scale1
verbal scale

skala mianowana

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wymowa w języku angielskim: verbal scale
linear (bar) scale1
linear (bar) scale

skala liniowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: linear (bar) scale
enlargement1
enlargement

powiększenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: enlargement
reduction1
reduction

pomniejszenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: reduction