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Operating with Exponents

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Działania na potęgach

Learning objectives

  • You will develop the following competences: communicating in English, mathematical and basic competences in science and technology, IT, and learning skills.

  • You will consolidate and systematize your knowledge on the powers of natural, real numbers and positive and negative integers.

Learning effect

  • You will improve your efficiency in calculation of operations on powers with various exponents and their application to real situations.

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nagranie abstraktu

During the lesson you will review the definitions of powers with a natural and integer exponent and the properties of operations on the powers.

The aim of the lesson is to consolidate and systematize knowledge about powers and the properties of operations on powersoperations on powersoperations on powers.

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nagranie abstraktu

Analyse the material shown below and use the information to solve the tasks.

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nagranie abstraktu

Properties of operations on powersoperations on powersoperations on powers:

1. Multiplication of powers with the same base:

anam=an+m, where aR0, nC, mC

2. Division of powers with the same base:

an:am=an-m, where aR0, nC, mC

3. Multiplication of powers with the same exponent:

an·bn=a·bn, where aR0, bR0, nC

4. Division of powers with the same exponent:

an:bn=abn, where aR0, bR0, nC

5. The powerpower / exponentationpower of the powerpower / exponentationpower:

anm=an·m, where aR0, nC, mC
Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Match in pairs.

5-5

155

15-5

55

3-3·19-3

27

23-2·34-2

4

163-3·0,75-3

164

2,6-4·2,63

513

3-2-3:39

127

4-52:49

0,538

324-2·23-24

1

0,255-2:4-25

240

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the value of the expression:

a) 104122301152=

b) 4151002256104503=

c) (1x)(1x2)1(1x3)1(1x6),forx=21

Task 3

Which number is greater?

a) (2)100or2100

b) 53+73or(5+7)3

c) 7252or5272

d) (12)10or(12)10

e) -1-1-1or-2-2

f) ((1)(2))3or((3)(2))(1)

Task 4

Express the following in the form of a powerpower / exponentationpower.

a) x4x5x6:x5(x4)3

b) (x4)5x6(x2)6x3

c) x24x14(x4)5

Can these operations be always performed?

Task 5
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nagranie abstraktu

Analyse the material presented in the applet. When can you use exponential notationexponential notationexponential notation? Formulate the appropriate conclusions.

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Geogebra aplet - Zapis liczb w notacji wykładniczej. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Conclusion:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • We use exponential notationexponential notationexponential notation to write very small and very large numbers.

Task 6
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the value of the expression, write the result in exponential notationexponential notationexponential notation.

a) 3,510244,21015

b) 3,91021+12,31021

c) 2,31025:9,21028

d) 5,710230,351023

Task 7
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate.

a) 22+80(0,25)1+5(4)1+(49)1+6,75

b) [[14]1[0,5]1]2(38)1(35)1

Task 8

An extra task:

Calculate (a2·b3)2a3·b4, calculate the value of the expression for a=3233,b=(7)094.

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nagranie abstraktu

Do revision exercises.

Summarize the lesson and formulate conclusions to remember:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The base of powerbase of powerbase of power and the exponent cannot be zeros at the same time.

  • We write large and small numbers in exponential notationexponential notationexponential notation, i.e. in the form of the product of a number between 1 and 10 by the powerpower / exponentationpower of the number 10 with the integer exponent.

  • Exponentiation is a two‑argument operation that is a generalization of multiple element multiplication by itself. The multiplied element is called the base, and the number of multiplications (written in the upper index on the right side of the base) is called the exponent or the powerpower / exponentationpower.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. -37·-3-2=-243, 2. 317-3:317-3=1, 3. 2100+2100+2100+2100=8100
Exercise 2

A. 1 cmIndeks górny 3 of lead weighs 11 g. How many balls with a diameter of 1 mm can be produced with 1 kg of lead?

B. The mass of a single hydrogen atom is 1,67 · 10Indeks górny -27 kg. How many hydrogen atoms are there in a 1g sample?

C. There are 7,525 · 10Indeks górny 23 iron atoms in the vessel. How many moles is it?

Exercise 3

Find in available sources who first introduced the contemporary power symbol and describe it in English.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. potęga - power / exponentation, 2. wykładnik potęgi - exponent of power, 3. podstawa potęgi - base of power, 4. notacja wykładnicza - base of power, 5. działania na potęgach - exponent of power
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

base of power
base of power

podstawa potęgi

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wymowa w języku angielskim: base of power
exponent of power
exponent of power

wykładnik potęgi

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wymowa w języku angielskim: exponent of power
exponential notation
exponential notation

notacja wykładnicza

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wymowa w języku angielskim: exponential notation
operations on powers
operations on powers

działania na potęgach

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wymowa w języku angielskim: operations on powers
power / exponentation
power / exponentation

potęga

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wymowa w języku angielskim: power / exponentation

Keywords

base of powerbase of powerbase of power

exponent of powerexponent of powerexponent of power

exponential notationexponential notationexponential notation – sposób zapisywania bardzo małych i bardzo dużych liczb w postaci iloczynu a10n,a1,10),nC

operations on powersoperations on powersoperations on powers

power / exponentationpower / exponentationpower / exponentation