how to write the synthesis reaction of metal and non‑metal oxides;
what oxides are and how they are produced;
examples of oxides.
You will learn
to name oxides;
to correctly write molecular and structural formulas of selected metal and non‑metal oxides basing on their names;
to name the oxide basing on its molecular formula;
to indicate those oxides that can be found in nature;
what the uses of oxides are;
to describe the physical properties of selected oxides (e.g. calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxides, carbon oxides, silicon dioxide, sulfur oxides).
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Naming of oxides
Oxides are binary compounds with oxygen where the oxidation state of oxygen is OIndeks górny -II-II. Oxygen in chemical compounds is always divalent. Other elements may have different valency number and form one or more oxides (alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, fluoride have only valence of 1). In the names of oxides, the word “oxide” must be preceded by the name of the element that binds to oxygen.
The name is composed of the cation name and the word oxide. Examples: NaIndeks dolny 22O sodium oxide CaO calcium oxide SnO tin(II) oxide or stannous oxide SnOIndeks dolny 22 tin(IV) oxid
Oxides of non‑metals are named by stating the name of the element first, followed by the word oxide. Numeral prefixes are used where necessary:
Some elements form only one type of oxide. In these cases, the use of numerical prefixes is not necessary: Examples: AlIndeks dolny 22OIndeks dolny 33 aluminum oxide SiOIndeks dolny 22 silicon oxide
To derive a formula for an oxide, write the symbols of the elements together with indices according to the numerical prefix that indicates the number of specified atoms in the molecule. If a given element forms more than one oxide, then its valency number should also be specified by Roman numeral in brackets.
Example: dinitrogen oxide NIndeks dolny 22O
In the case of metal oxides, where the numerical prefixes are not usually used, we have to obey the rule of electroneutrality.
Look at the interactive illustration and remember uses of several oxides.
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Exercise 1
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Exercise 2
Pair the molecular formula with the oxide name. es o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide ce o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide es i o Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide ef e dwa o trzy Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide en o Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide em en o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide
Pair the molecular formula with the oxide name. es o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide ce o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide es i o Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide ef e dwa o trzy Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide en o Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide em en o dwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. manganese four oxide, 2. calcium oxide, 3. iron three oxide, 4. sulfur dioxide, 5. nitric oxide, 6. silicon monoxide
Oxides are compounds of oxygen with other elements. Oxides are formed as a result of synthesis reactions, oxidation reactions of decomposition reactions and reduction reactions.
Names of all oxides in English are formed and read from left to right. First you mention the name of the element that reacts with oxygen, and then you use the term “oxide”.
If a given element forms more than one oxide, then its valency number should also be specified by Roman numeral in brackets.
Metal and non‑metal oxides are widely used.
Some oxides are found in nature.
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Keywords
oxygen, oxides, use of oxides, synthesis reaction, combustion, naming of oxygens, metal oxide, non‑metal oxide
Glossary
oxide
oxide
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tlenek – związek, w którym tlen jest związany z innym pierwiastkiem chemicznym, np.: , , , ,
hydrogen peroxide
hydrogen peroxide
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nadtlenek wodoru (HIndeks dolny 22OIndeks dolny 22, woda utleniona) – najprostszy nadtlenek (związek z pojedynczym wiązaniem tlen‑tlen); jest stosowany jako utleniacz, środek wybielający i antyseptyczny