Did you know that the first space tourist made a trip into outer space over 20 years ago, in 2001? In this section you are going to learn more interesting facts about space tourism. Who knows, maybe one day you will become a space tourist yourself?
Czy wiesz, że pierwszy kosmiczny turysta odbył podróż pozaziemską ponad 20 lat temu, w 2001 roku? W tej sekcji poznasz więcej ciekawych faktów na temat turystyki kosmicznej. Kto wie, może pewnego dnia ty odwiedzisz kosmos jako turysta/turystka?
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Zdjęcie przedstawia prom kosmiczny w locie. Widoczny jest stożkowaty, zaokrąglony dziób statku oraz cylindryczny korpus. Poniżej widoczny jest fragment kuli ziemskiej, ponad którą widoczne jest czarne niebo.
Fly with us
Lataj z nami
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.pexels.com [dostęp 14.03.2022], domena publiczna.
Exercise1
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Match the following words with the correct definitions.
Match the following words with the correct definitions.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise1
Find words related to space, using the definitions below as clues. Search up, down, forward, backward, and on the diagonal to find the words.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Work with the slides and then, do the exercises below.
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Before working with the presentation, check how much you know about space tourism!
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Exercise2
Choose all the statements that seem true to you. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. To travel to space as a tourist, you must always undergo training., 2. Tickets for space trips are extremely expensive and few people can afford them., 3. Those travelling to space will experience twice the normal force of gravity., 4. People can only experience weightlessness in space., 5. One of the downsides of space tourism is space sickness., 6. Space tourism has a dire effect on the environment which will only grow with time.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Space tourists
The world’s first space tourist was a California millionaire, Dennis Tito, who paid a reported $20 million to spend six days orbiting Earth in the Russian section of the ISS in April 2001, after three months’ training at Russia’s Star City complex. What you can see in the picture is a group of the first orbital space tourists flying by a private company in 2021.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia cztery uśmiechające się osoby, siedzące na fotelach w statku kosmicznych. Postaci ubrane są w białe skafandry, szczelne wysokie buty, hełmy z szybką oraz rękawice. Wszyscy są przypięci pasami bezpieczeństwa. Dwa środkowe fotele są cofnięte.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
Today, almost anyone can become a space tourist. Well, at least anyone who can afford it. The companies organising space flights have different requirements. For example, Blue Origin, owned by Jeff Bezos, announced in 2021, while auctioning off a seat on a flight, that the successful winner must be able to endure three times the force of gravity for two minutes on the ascent and five and a half times the force of gravity for a few seconds on the way down. Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, said that most people would be able to fly on the Dragon spacecraft as long as they can stand an intense roller coaster ride. Virgin Galactic’s website doesn’t specify any special physical requirements for its future customers but they promise to “prepare every astronaut thoroughly, through a program of medical checkups and tailored training.”
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Prices of space tickets
Prices of space trips vary, depending on the company offering them. Flying to the International Space Station for a week on a trip commissioned by Axiom Space costs $55 million per person, similarly to SpaceX’s Crew Dragon. Virgin Galactic, Richard Branson’s space venture, used to charge $250,000 for a suborbital flight, but the company has already announced that the cost will go up, probably double the price now. Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin hasn’t disclosed how much it prices the space tickets, but a seat on Blue Origin’s New Shephard was auctioned off at $28 million.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia biały statek kosmiczny podzielony na cztery części. Od lewej strony widoczny jest dziób statku ze stylizowanym znakiem iks i napisem STARLINK, dwie części cylindrycznego kadłuba: jedna z napisem FALCON i flagą Stanów Zjednoczonych, a druga z napisem: SPACE oraz silnik rakietowy z dyszami wylotowymi z fragmentem napisu: SPACE X.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
The space ticket prices include different things, depending on the company. Virgin Galactic’s ticket to the edge of space includes a spacesuit and training; passengers will experience several minutes of exhilarating weightlessness before the spacecraft returns to Earth. Passengers of the SpaceX mission to the ISS get sleeping bags, clothing, hygiene products, medical support, and appropriate training. Blue Origin’s ticket comes with a seat next to Jeff Bezos, training, and on‑site accommodation.
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Speed
To orbit 200 kilometres above Earth, a spacecraft must travel at an astounding 28,000 km/h. If it reaches this speed (or more), instead of falling back to the ground, it will continuously fall around the planet. That continuous falling is what it means to stay in orbit. In contrast, to reach the same altitude, a suborbital vehicle needs to fly at only 6,000 km/h, which is still a lot faster than a commercial aeroplane, which flies at around 925 km/h.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia na niebieskim niebie świetlisty łuk, który jest trajektorią lotu statku kosmicznego. W dolnej części, po prawej stronie widoczny jest kosmodrom, z którego wystartował statek. Na lewo od kosmodromu widoczna jest tafla wody.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
When a rocket leaves or returns to Earth, passengers inside are subjected to centrifugal G‑forces caused by massive acceleration. Most space tourists will experience the three G’s of force, or three times the normal force of gravity. That’s why a certain amount of time is needed for training in a centrifuge to prepare potential passengers for G‑forces of launch.
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Weightlessness
All tourist space flights offer the zero gravity experience. This unique space tourism activity is something that most passengers anxiously wait for and when the moment of weightlessness comes, they feel elated. It is like floating, the feeling you get when a rollercoaster suddenly goes down. Before the trip, space tourists learn how to safely leave their seats and experience weightlessness, floating about the cabin and positioning themselves at one of the many windows around the cabin’s sides and top. On a suborbital flight, after enjoying several minutes of weightlessness, passengers go back to their seats and prepare for reentry and the return way back to Earth.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia wnętrze statku kosmicznego w trakcie lotu. Widoczne są dwie osoby (kobieta po prawej stronie, a mężczyzna po lewej stronie), które unoszą się w powietrzu. Przed nimi widoczne są również unoszące się owoce: jabłka, gruszki, pomarańcza i grapefruit. W tle widoczna jest aparatura oraz różnego rodzaju pojemniki.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
You can actually experience the sensation of weightlessness here on Earth. There are companies that offer reduced‑gravity flights, during which a plane flies in a series of parabolas that give the passengers a chance to experience simulated weightlessness through free fall. Such zero‑G flights are recommended as training for future space tourists, as they give them an idea of what it might feel like and what moves to make while in this state.
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Space problems
Many space tourists may experience disorientation and space sickness, whose symptoms are similar to other forms of motion sickness and include nausea, vertigo, cold sweats, malaise, or even vomiting. The growing world of commercial space tourism will probably create the need for some space sickness countermeasures to be “market ready”. Experts in the field estimate that three‑quarters of astronauts are susceptible to space sickness.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia kobietę, w ujęciu od klatki piersiowej w górę, we wnętrzu statku kosmicznego. Postać w lewej ręce trzyma specjalny pojemnik przystosowany do spożywania płynów w kosmosie, który zbliża do ust. Przez otwory okienne widoczne jest niebieskie niebo i białe chmurki.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
Space travellers going for orbital trips must also be prepared for the fact that they may go through a range of often unpleasant feelings: they will feel dizzy, sleepy, and weak, suffer from loss of appetite and stomach upset, and lose their sense of time and space. Fortunately, after a few days, their bodies adapt to weightlessness and they start to feel both calm and euphoric.
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2021 milestones
The year 2021 was an important year for space tourism, as each of the main companies offering space flights sent tourists to space for the first time. Virgin Galactic launched its first tourist flight with Richard Branson as one of the six people aboard. A few days after that, Blue Origin also launched its first crewed space flight featuring its founder, Jeff Bezos together with three other space tourists. SpaceX was privately chartered by billionaire Jared Isaacman to fly on the first three‑day orbital mission.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia wnętrze kabiny statku kosmicznego. Na pierwszym planie widoczne są cztery fotele z pasami bezpieczeństwa. Powyżej widoczny jest monitor z czterema ekranami oraz panelem sterowania pośrodku. W tle widoczna jest metalowa, ażurowa konstrukcja przypominająca plaster miodu.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
In 2021, there were also some other interesting space flights, for example, Blue Origin made headlines by launching the oldest person to ever fly to space, and it was William Shatner himself, the famous Star Trek star. The company’s next flight featured Good Morning America host, Michael Strahan, and the daughter of NASA astronaut, Laura Shepard Churchley. Meanwhile, the Russian Federation space agency Roscosmos sent a film crew to shoot a film production on the ISS.
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Impact on environment
A lot of people point out that launching rockets into space is unfriendly to the environment. A space rocket emits more than 100 times the carbon dioxide per passenger compared to an aeroplane flight, so space launches can have a hefty carbon footprint due to the burning of solid rocket fuels, which release not only greenhouse gases contributing to ozone depletion but also particles of soot. What is worse, emissions from rockets go right into the upper atmosphere, which means they stay there for a long time, two to three years.
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Zdjęcie przedstawia czarną sylwetkę człowieka, stojącego bokiem na łukowato wygiętym zarysie lądu i spoglądającego w górę. Za i nad postacią widoczny jest fragment kuli w kolorze od czarnego po lewej stronie, przez brązowy aż po niebiesko‑zielony po prawej stronie, która wypełniona jest białymi gwiazdami oraz galaktyką podświetloną na różowo.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
TRANSCRIPTazurewhite
Many rockets are propelled by liquid hydrogen fuel, which produces “clean” water vapour exhaust, although the production of hydrogen itself may contribute to significant carbon emissions. Right now, the number of rocket flights is minimal, but when space tourism grows in popularity, there will definitely be serious environmental impacts.
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Do you remember the most important information from the slides? Work with the bubble map below to check!
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Grafika przedstawia mapę myśli złożoną z różnej wielkości kolorowych kół z napisami w języku angielskim. W największym kole widoczny jest napis: SPACE TOURISM. Od niego odchodzi sześć kategorii: PRICES z trzema odnogami: SUBORBITAL FLIGHTS COST HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS, SPACE FLIGHTS COST TENS OF MILLIONS, THEY MAY INCLUDE TRAINING, FOOD AND ACCOMMODATION; kategoria: SPACE PROBLEMS z dwoma odnogami: AT FIRST, TOURISTS MAY EXPERIENCE SPACE SICKNESS: NAUSEA, VERTIGO, MALAISE, AFTER A FEW DAYS, TOURISTS GET USED TO BEING IN SPACE AND THE SYMPTOMS FADE; kategoria: PREPARATIONS z jedną odnogą: PROFESSIONAL SPACE TRAVEL TRAINING; kategoria: COMPANIES z trzema odnogami: BLUE ORIGIN (OWNED BY JEFF BEZOS), SPACE X (OWNED BY ELON MUSK), VIRGIN GALACTIC (OWNED BY RICHARD BRANSON); kategoria: EXPERIENCE podzielona na dwie odnogi: SPEED, od której odchodzi DUE TO SPEED TOURISTS EXPERIENCE THREE TIMES THE EARTH'S GRAVITY oraz WEIGHTLESSNESS, od której odchodzi TOURISTS EXPERIENCE ZERO GRAVITY; kategoria: IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT z dwoma odnogami: NEGATIVE EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT, IT WILL BECOME WORSE AS MORE AND MORE PEOPLE DECIDE TO TRAVEL TO SPACE.
Grafika przedstawia mapę myśli złożoną z różnej wielkości kolorowych kół z napisami w języku angielskim. W największym kole widoczny jest napis: SPACE TOURISM. Od niego odchodzi sześć kategorii: PRICES z trzema odnogami: SUBORBITAL FLIGHTS COST HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS, SPACE FLIGHTS COST TENS OF MILLIONS, THEY MAY INCLUDE TRAINING, FOOD AND ACCOMMODATION; kategoria: SPACE PROBLEMS z dwoma odnogami: AT FIRST, TOURISTS MAY EXPERIENCE SPACE SICKNESS: NAUSEA, VERTIGO, MALAISE, AFTER A FEW DAYS, TOURISTS GET USED TO BEING IN SPACE AND THE SYMPTOMS FADE; kategoria: PREPARATIONS z jedną odnogą: PROFESSIONAL SPACE TRAVEL TRAINING; kategoria: COMPANIES z trzema odnogami: BLUE ORIGIN (OWNED BY JEFF BEZOS), SPACE X (OWNED BY ELON MUSK), VIRGIN GALACTIC (OWNED BY RICHARD BRANSON); kategoria: EXPERIENCE podzielona na dwie odnogi: SPEED, od której odchodzi DUE TO SPEED TOURISTS EXPERIENCE THREE TIMES THE EARTH'S GRAVITY oraz WEIGHTLESSNESS, od której odchodzi TOURISTS EXPERIENCE ZERO GRAVITY; kategoria: IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT z dwoma odnogami: NEGATIVE EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT, IT WILL BECOME WORSE AS MORE AND MORE PEOPLE DECIDE TO TRAVEL TO SPACE.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Can you recall the keywords from the presentation? Complete the crossword below to check.
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Exercise3
Odpowiedz na pytania lub uzupełnij tekst. 1. Due to massive … tourists will experience G force changes., 2. Rocket fuel releases greenhouse gases which lead to … depletion., 3. Space tourists will have to … extreme speed while on a trip to space., 4. Unfortunately, space tourism has an extensive … footprint., 5. Each tourist will go through a … training., 6. Rocket launch doesn’t only heighten greenhouse gas emissions but also releases … into the atmosphere., 7. Space tourists will have to deal with space sickness and associated symptoms such as …
Odpowiedz na pytania lub uzupełnij tekst. 1. Due to massive … tourists will experience G force changes., 2. Rocket fuel releases greenhouse gases which lead to … depletion., 3. Space tourists will have to … extreme speed while on a trip to space., 4. Unfortunately, space tourism has an extensive … footprint., 5. Each tourist will go through a … training., 6. Rocket launch doesn’t only heighten greenhouse gas emissions but also releases … into the atmosphere., 7. Space tourists will have to deal with space sickness and associated symptoms such as …
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Lektor volume
Music volume
Exercise4
Based on the information from the presentation, choose the correct paraphrase of the fragments in bold.
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1. The first space tourist was Dennis Tito, who paid a reported $20 million to spend six days orbiting Earth. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. paid $20 million which was reported, 2. probably paid $20 million (but it’s not certain), 3. paid a reporter $20 million
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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2. Most people would be able to fly on the Dragon spacecraft as long as they can stand an intense roller coaster ride. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. unless they can stand, 2. in case they can stand, 3. provided they can stand
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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3. Virgin Galactic used to charge $250,000 for a suborbital flight. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. in the past charged $250,000, 2. used a charge of $250,000, 3. very often charged $250,000
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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4. Blue Origin made headlines launching the oldest person to ever fly to space. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. prepared headlines about launching, 2. received a lot of press attention because of launching, 3. told the newspapers what headlines to prepare about launching
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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5. Space launches can have a hefty carbon footprint. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. leave big carbon traces in the sky, 2. require a lot of carbon, 3. have a very negative impact on the environment
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise5
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Based on the vocabulary used in the presentation, type in the missing words. The first words have been given to help you. 1. All the candidates for space tourists will have to go through a series of mTu uzupełnij cTu uzupełnij. 2. He was eTu uzupełnij when he learnt that he would be able to take part in the mission. 3. You can see particles of sTu uzupełnij everywhere after the eruptive launch. 4. Future passengers of space flights undergo a special training in a cTu uzupełnij in order to get accustomed to G-forces. 5. I am waiting aTu uzupełnij for the news about new launches. 6. Space rockets are usually pTu uzupełnij by the combustion exhaust gases. 7. When I suffered from vTu uzupełnij I felt like I was on a rollercoaster.
Based on the vocabulary used in the presentation, type in the missing words. The first words have been given to help you. 1. All the candidates for space tourists will have to go through a series of mTu uzupełnij cTu uzupełnij. 2. He was eTu uzupełnij when he learnt that he would be able to take part in the mission. 3. You can see particles of sTu uzupełnij everywhere after the eruptive launch. 4. Future passengers of space flights undergo a special training in a cTu uzupełnij in order to get accustomed to G-forces. 5. I am waiting aTu uzupełnij for the news about new launches. 6. Space rockets are usually pTu uzupełnij by the combustion exhaust gases. 7. When I suffered from vTu uzupełnij I felt like I was on a rollercoaster.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise6
Answer the questions in 2‑3 sentences.
Do you think that billionaires who run space travel companies should spend their money on a better cause? Which one?
What do you think about the environmental aspect of space tourism?
Do you think space tourism will change the world for better or for worse? Why?
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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
I must admit that I…, because… Perhaps their money could…, and definitely they would help a lot if they invested more in…
I think that it is… We shouldn’t accept… I believe that space tourism companies should work on…, such as…
It is difficult to say at the moment, because even though…, we still don’t know… The prospects look…, so I would say that if…, the benefits will…
I must admit that I have mixed feelings about this issue, because on the one hand, I agree that extremely rich people could make better use of their money helping other people, but on the other hand, without their passion we wouldn’t have such space travel opportunities as we do now. Perhaps their money could make life on our planet easier for other people, and definitely they would help a lot if they invested more in environmental projects, helping to solve the many issues we are facing nowadays.
I think that it is a very serious matter which needs to be analysed and discussed in detail. We shouldn’t accept development at the expense of the environment. I believe that space tourism companies should work on technologies which would minimise negative impact on the environment, such as new types of fuel or some other technical solutions making space flights more environmentally‑friendly.
It is difficult to say at the moment, because even though the first commercial flights are already happening, we still don’t know what further, longer missions will look like and whether they will be successful and safe. The prospects look promising, so I would say that if space tourism develops and the companies dealing with it invest some part of their income into solving environmental problems caused by space launches, the benefits will outweigh the negative aspects.