bg‑azure

Some people are not satisfied with a simple run or swim. Instead, they want to try their hand at an intense race that consists of three or even four different disciplines. While challenging, triathlons and quadrathlons are extremely popular with approximately 3.5 million participants worldwide. What are the disciplines involved? Are there any specific rules one must follow? Read the text in this section to learn more about triathlons and quadrathlons.

Niektórzy ludzie nie są usatysfakcjonowani zwyczajnym bieganiem lub pływaniem. Zamiast tego chcą spróbować swoich sił w intensywnym wyścigu, który składa się z trzech, a nawet czterech różnych dyscyplin. Triathlony i quadrathlony stanowią nie lada wyzwanie, a mimo to są niezwykle popularne wśród około 3,5 miliona uczestników na całym świecie. Z jakich dyscyplin się składają? Czy dotyczą ich jakieś konkretne zasady, których należy przestrzegać? Przeczytaj tekst w tej sekcji, aby dowiedzieć się więcej o triathlonach i quadrathlonach.

R16qoMQ0ygYDE
Would you take part in a triathlon or quadrathlon?
Czy wziąłbyś/wzięłabyś udział w triathlonie lub quadrathlonie?
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.pixabay.com [dostęp 26.09.2022], domena publiczna.
1
Exercise 1
R19CHXhnma60g
How much do you know about triathlons and quadrathlons?
Choose all the answers that seem true to you.
Triathlon and quadrathlon are Olympic disciplines.
Triathlons are easier than quadrathlons, especially for beginners.
Those who take part in the quadrathlon World Cup can run as many races as they want.
You must showcase a certain expertise level if you want to take part in a quadrathlon.
Triathlons and quadrathlons are popular because professional athletes take part in them.
Taking part in a triathlon can help you overcome fears and grow as a person.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Read the text below and do the exercises.

Triathlons and Quadrathlons
Zuzanna Kościuk Triathlons and Quadrathlons

Those who don’t fear challenges, usually opt foropt foropt for triathlonstriathlons [triathlon]triathlons or quadrathlonsquadrathlons [quadrathlon]quadrathlons. Why?

A triathlon is a relatively new racerelatively new racerelatively new race (originating in 1974) consisting ofconsisting of [consist of]consisting of three disciplines: swimming, cycling, and running. A participant must first swim through open wateropen wateropen water after which he or she moves to the designated transition areadesignated transition areadesignated transition area to engage inengage in sthengage in the cycling part of the race. Then, the participant gets to the second transition area and starts running. The length of each category depends on the event and may range from 100 meters to 4 kilometers for a swim, 5 to 120 kilometers for cycling, and 1 to 30 kilometers for running. At the Olympics, the distances are respectivelyrespectivelyrespectively 1.5km, 40km, and 10km.

A quadrathlon involves one more discipline: kayaking. Usually, the order of the disciplinesorder of the disciplinesorder of the disciplines is swimming, cycling, kayaking, and running though it’s not a hard and fasthard and fast rulehard and fast rulehard and fast rulerule. Quadrathlons may differ from sprint to long distances, depending on the organization. While it’s not an Olympic discipline, there exists a quadrathlon World Cup, with each participant being allowed to enter as many races as they choose.

As one can imagine, both of the events are extremely physically taxingphysically taxingphysically taxing with the quadrathlon being the more demandingdemandingdemanding one. Those willing to take part in it, go through extensive trainingextensive trainingextensive training and, usually, take part in marathonsmarathons [marathon]marathons, biathlonsbiathlons [biathlon]biathlons, and triathlons as well. Still, the strainstrainstrain a quadrathlon puts on a body is unprecedentedunprecedentedunprecedented and many participants, even those who are otherwise very athletic, are often surprised by how intense it is. Triathlons are easier and, according to experts, can be completed just after six weeks of training. It doesn’t mean they’re a walk in a park, but out of the two, they’re the better choice for beginners.

With the overall difficulty of both races, one may ask why people bother with them. The answer is simple: many people love a challenge. Finishing a triathlon or a quadrathlon is likely to leave you extremely satisfied and may open you up to more challenges in the future. Furthermore, both of the races are social events with people of different ages and expertise levelsexpertise levels [expertise level]expertise levels competing against one anothercompeting against one another [compete against one another]competing against one another. In fact, while participating in any of the events, you might be faced withbe faced with sthbe faced with professional athletes as well. While it might seem intimidatingintimidatingintimidating, in practice, it proves that no matter your background and training, you can still enjoy a famous race. Finally, triathlons and quadrathlons can help facilitate personal growthfacilitate personal growthfacilitate personal growth. Many of the challenges throughout the race aren’t physical at all. A lot of people aren’t fans of open water or have never cycled on a road. A triathlon or a quadrathlon can help them overcome their fearsovercome their fears [overcome one’s fear]overcome their fears and come out better for it.

So, are you interested in any of the races now?

1 Źródło: Zuzanna Kościuk , [na podstawie:] https://www.quadrathlon4you.com/quadrathlon/beginners-guide/ [dostęp 20.09.2022], https://wqf.quadrathlon.com/quadrathlon/ [dostęp 20.09.2022], https://www.trichicks.com/blog/10-reasons-why-is-triathlon-is-so-popular [dostęp 20.09.2022], https://www.nytimes.com/guides/well/triathlon-training [dostęp 20.09.2022], licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 2
RbGObOyeHXJ5O
Study the text and choose the correct answer. 1. Read the text and choose the correct answer.
a) Triathlon and quadrathlon
b) are Olympic disciplines.
c) consist of identical disciplines.
d) always have the same length.
e) help participants grow as people.
2. Triathlon
a) has a rather long history.
b) isn’t an Olympic discipline.
c) is a brand new sporting event.
d) is only half a century old.
3. A transition area
a) covers only the switch from swimming to cycling.
b) is a location in which participants switch from one discipline to another.
c) is a location in which triathlons and quadrathlons begin.
d) can be used only when switching from cycling to running.
4. Quadrathlon
a) is not an Olympic discipline but has a global cup.
b) requires more effort than triathlon and thus is more prestigious.
c) is similar to triathlon in that it involves kayaking.
d) is the best choice for those who have never combined disciplines before.
5. Those who take part in quadrathlon
a) most often are beginners with no previous experience.
b) have to showcase expertise in all the disciplines.
c) usually have previous experience with similar races.
d) have to know how to swim but not how to kayak.
6. Competing against professional athletes
a) can make you feel horrible since they’re better than you.
b) is a part of quadrathlons but not triathlons.
c) means facing but not overcoming your fears.
d) emphasizes the fact that anyone can take part in the race.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 3
R1EjXCLmGA8Xk
Match the words and phrases from the text with their definitions. open water Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding engage in sth Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding physically taxing Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding strain Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding expertise level Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding facilitate personal growth Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding intimidating Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. making you feel frightened or nervous, 2. an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions, 3. to make it easier to grow as a person, 4. to do sth, 5. a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree, 6. an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter, 7. physically demanding
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 4
Rr8pPYlhuxBFQ
Study the text above again and type the missing parts of the words to complete the sentences below. The first letter of each word is given. 1. One thing about triathlons and quadrathlons is that participants don’t swim in a pool but in oTu uzupełnij wTu uzupełnij. 2. Many people who enter quadrathlons find it surprisingly pTu uzupełnij tTu uzupełnij. 3. You might find it iTu uzupełnij to compete against professional athletes but it can also fTu uzupełnij pTu uzupełnij gTu uzupełnij. 4. The good thing about triathlons and quadrathlons is that you can compete no matter your eTu uzupełnij lTu uzupełnij. 5. To eTu uzupełnij iTu uzupełnij another discipline, triathlon participants must go through a transition area. 6. You must be aware that your first triathlon may put a massive sTu uzupełnij on your body.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Słownik

be faced with sth
be faced with sth

/ bi feɪst wɪð ˈsʌmthetaɪŋ /

R1KT2rQKeZLQ51
Nagranie dźwiękowe

być postawionym/postawioną w obliczu czegoś (forced to handle, deal with, or confront something)

RweJ9beq4xQmh1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
biathlons [biathlon]
biathlons [biathlon]

/ baɪˈæthetaləns / / baɪˈæthetalən /

R4Gjyn6qCHz1h1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

dwuboje zimowe, zawody biatlonowe [dwubój zimowy, biatlon] (a winter sport that combines cross‑country skiing and rifle shooting)

RttrUiyvUv0J51
Nagranie dźwiękowe
competing against one another [compete against one another]
competing against one another [compete against one another]

/ kəmˈpiːtɪŋ əˈɡenst wʌn əˈnʌðə / / kəmˈpiːt əˈɡenst wʌn əˈnʌðə /

RNN0HZfLLhFVk1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

konkurowanie z innymi [konkurować z innymi] (trying to win in a sports activity against other athletes)

R19jvaYeD1d291
Nagranie dźwiękowe
consisting of [consist of]
consisting of [consist of]

/ kənˈsɪstɪŋ ɒv / / kənˈsɪst ɒv /

R16kwfubjHdyf1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

składający/składająca się z [składać się z] (to be formed or made up of specified things or people)

R1J9ZXv8UgvGZ1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
demanding
demanding

/ dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ /

R1MLFEUk5egnk1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

wymagający/wymagająca (requiring many skill or effort)

RmL7BbIbvv0Kc1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
designated transition area
designated transition area

/ ˈdezɪɡneɪtɪd trænˈzɪʃn̩ ˈeəriə /

R1b4mJbp98i7J1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

wyznaczony obszar przejściowy (an area in which participants of a triathlon or quadrathlon transition from one discipline to another)

R14QNGobgNouQ1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
engage in sth
engage in sth

/ ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ ɪn ˈsʌmthetaɪŋ /

RQr6MyGs2SYj81
Nagranie dźwiękowe

angażować się w coś (to be involved in sth actively)

RPXPjyQUPWHvC1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
expertise levels [expertise level]
expertise levels [expertise level]

/ ˌekspɜːˈtiːz ˈlevl̩z / / ˌekspɜːˈtiːz ˈlevl̩ /

Rmru9bbu70aOO1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

poziomy fachowości [poziom fachowości] (an indicator of the necessary familiarity you should have with the subject matter)

RGVH3u2cJCXCg1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
extensive training
extensive training

/ ɪkˈstensɪv ˈtreɪnɪŋ /

RsaVQMYXw01yI1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

wszechstronny, intensywny trening (a training consisting of many different sessions)

RXauTWPgv1IHd1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
facilitate personal growth
facilitate personal growth

/ fəˈsɪlɪteɪt ˈpɜːsənl̩ ɡrəʊtheta /

Ri1PWV7X69VwU1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

umożliwiać rozwój osobisty (to make it easier to grow as a person)

RWN8hzfqDcOSK1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
hard and fast rule
hard and fast rule

/ hɑ:d ənd fɑːst ruːl /

RCt5J3Cia1phC1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

żelazna zasada (a rule that needs to be obeyed at all times)

Rk3MQcGReySZI1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
intimidating
intimidating

/ ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪtɪŋ /

RthbOVKL6UhYS1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

onieśmielający/onieśmielająca (making you feel frightened or nervous)

R1bWrO2rEeDtj1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
marathons [marathon]
marathons [marathon]

/ ˈmærəthetaənz / / ˈmærəthetaən /

R6y6pUbfoj4HZ1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

maratony [maraton] (a running race of 42.195 kilometres)

RAC3Vu9vRNYp61
Nagranie dźwiękowe
open water
open water

/ ˈəʊpən ˈwɔːtə /

RXxIxP26skJrE1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

otwarte wody (an expanse of an ocean, sea, or large lake which is distant from shore and devoid of nearby islands or other obstructions)

R1F2ldaI7jmoG1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
opt for
opt for

/ ɒpt fɔː /

R1txRry1yXLv01
Nagranie dźwiękowe

decydować się na coś (make a choice from a range of possibilities)

R1RohwCOfD4Mr1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
order of the disciplines
order of the disciplines

/ ɔ:dər əv ðə ˈdɪsɪplɪnz /

R12i6ZpxHelsT1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

kolejność dyscypli (the arrangement of disciplines in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method)

Rx7IzTY0BNvnI1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
overcome their fears [overcome one’s fear]
overcome their fears [overcome one’s fear]

/ ˌəʊvəˈkʌm ðeə fɪəz / / ˌəʊvəˈkʌm wʌnz fɪə /

R2FxRft0M4L6G1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

pokonać ich obawy [pokonać własny strach] (to stop being afraid of something)

R1JBeXSOYtWBW1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
physically taxing
physically taxing

/ ˈfɪzɪkl̩i ˈtæksɪŋ /

RKHPPjmSeMBGp1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

fizycznie wyczerpujące (physically demanding)

R51kiklAyvTtq1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
quadrathlons [quadrathlon]
quadrathlons [quadrathlon]

/ ˌkwɒdrəthetaləns / / ˌkwɒdrəthetalən /

RwSI2nKQ8NDud1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

quadrathlony, quadratlony, czwórboje [quadrathlon, quadratlon, czwórbój] (a race consisting of four disciplines)

Ry75eHwCQECuI1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
relatively new race
relatively new race

/ ˈrelətɪvli ˈnju: reɪs /

R1bf92JiyBzbs1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

stosunkowo nowy wyścig (a race that is quite new)

R1ObGTOnVxbB01
Nagranie dźwiękowe
respectively
respectively

/ rɪˈspektɪvli /

R1c5KkOlaJ8LJ1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

odpowiednio, w wymienionej kolejności (separately or individually and in the order already mentioned)

R1WDyZaHSsOXS1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
strain
strain

/ streɪn /

R1aaKiFdAVX8k1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

obciążenie, wysiłek (a force tending to pull or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree)

RGH1rTQlE9qQ41
Nagranie dźwiękowe
triathlons [triathlon]
triathlons [triathlon]

/ traɪˈæthetaləns / / traɪˈæthetalən /

RA2lh6En3b6mE1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

triathlony, triatlony, trójboje [triathlon, triatlon, trójbój] (a race consisting of three disciplines)

R1X8ojkJpRo9s1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
unprecedented
unprecedented

/ ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd /

R19tWg9NmoeFl1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

niespotykany/niespotykana (never done or known before)

RlMdDPyIO9aWt1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
walk in the park
walk in the park

/ wɔːk ɪn ðə pɑːk /

RupqWFgPqtH1h1
Nagranie dźwiękowe

bułka z masłem (idiom) (very easy)

RxgIXtjbeLcjP1
Nagranie dźwiękowe
RaUCodNBl9Ono
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.