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The picture below shows a happy face with dollar signs for eyes, obviously suggesting that money can make you happy. It’s so easy to say that money doesn’t buy happiness, but does that mean that life without it is easy? Is it really so that we only need friends, family and job satisfaction? Read the texts below that present some arguments in the never‑ending money or job satisfaction debate.

Poniższa ilustracja przedstawia zadowoloną twarz z dolarami w oczach, co w oczywisty sposób sugeruje, że pieniądze mogą uczynić człowieka szczęśliwym. Łatwo powiedzieć, że nie da się kupić szczęścia, ale czy to oznacza, że życie bez pieniędzy jest proste? Czy rzeczywiście jest tak, że potrzebujemy tylko przyjaciół, rodziny i satysfakcji z pracy? Przeczytaj poniższe teksty, w których przedstawiono niektóre argumenty przytaczane w niekończącej się debacie: pieniądze czy satysfakcja z pracy.

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Are you sure money doesn’t buy happiness?
Jesteś pewien/pewna, że pieniądze nie dają szczęścia?
Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 9.12.2021], domena publiczna.
Exercise 1

Look at the infographic below and choose the correct answer True (T) or False (F).

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Źródło: dostępny w internecie: www.freepik.com [dostęp 9.12.2021], domena publiczna.
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Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Let’s Look at Luke
Joanna Sobierska‑Paczesny Let’s Look at Luke

Text A

With the age difference between us, I’d never had much to talk about with my brother Luke and, until three years ago, I’d never looked up to him. In my eyes, he’d always been a nerd, with his nose in the books. Then, Luke got a well‑paidwell paidwell‑paid job with a big company. He has since moved out and, although throwing money aroundthrowing money around [throw money around]throwing money around, he’s never in the redin the redin the red. Now, that’s life! I wish our parents had a budgetbudgetbudget like that. If they had what he has: a good incomeincomeincome with great fringe benefitsfringe benefits [fringe benefit]fringe benefits, like a company car and a laptop… well, let’s just say our lives would be easier. Look at my brother. The perksperks [perk]perks saved him a pretty pennypretty pennypretty penny so he bought a huge TV and now, whenever there’s a football game, he invites me to watch it at his place. I’m not saying it’s easy moneyeasy moneyeasy money, mind you. He does work a lot, often working overtimeovertimeovertime and weekends. Last week, my mom’s birthday? He only stuck his nose out for five minutes when she was blowing out the candles and spent the rest of the night occupying his old room because he had a „crisis at work.” That takes some serious determinationdeterminationdetermination. Mom was a bit upset and said she’d rather he sat with us, but he said there was nothing he could do about it. But then, look on the bright side — he has money to burnhas money to burn [have money to burn]has money to burn now and he got her the coffee maker she’d been dreaming of. He doesn’t have to worry about bills and doesn’t have to deny himself much. I’d rather work a bit less than he does but maybe it’s worth it, you know? Our parents always had problems making ends meetmaking ends meet [make ends meet]making ends meet, and I’d rather not live my entire life wishing I had things I would never be able to afford.

Text B

Money or job‑satisfaction? Material pleasures or general contentmentcontentmentcontentment? It’s always a difficult question. Spending one third of your life (8 out of 24 hours a day) in some place and wishing you were somewhere else can be a cause of frustration. On the other hand, studies show that people who are well‑offwell‑offwell‑off and don’t need to worry about the bare necessitiesbare necessitiesbare necessities definitely feel happier. From that perspective, money does buy happiness. Having a roof over your head and being able to afford clothes, equipment, healthcare, and holidays gives the well‑to‑do a sense of securitysense of securitysense of security and, let’s be honest, a lot of pleasant moments. Passions can make your life worth living, but what if yours happens to be expensive, like horse riding or travelling to exotic destinations? Playing chess or camping in the nearby woods is fun, but not if you’d rather be doing something else. Working for peanutsworking for peanuts [work for peanuts]Working for peanuts means having to choose what you buy this month and what has to wait for next month or a pay risepay risepay rise. It’s having to live where you can affordaffordafford, not where you want. It’s putting some plans and dreams on the ‘one day when I get a bonusbonusbonus’ shelf. A good salarysalarysalary is a ticket to freedom. Freedom of choice. It doesn’t mean job satisfactionjob satisfactionjob satisfaction isn’t important. By no means should you take a job you hate or work yourself into the groundwork yourself into the groundwork yourself into the ground to earn as much as possible. But it’s up to you to decide what you need to do at each stage of your life.

1 Źródło: Joanna Sobierska‑Paczesny, dostępny w internecie: https://www.marketingweek.com/inside-the-financially-savvy-minds-of-gen-z/ [dostęp 23.06.2023], https://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/generation-z-money-survey/ [dostęp 23.06.2023], licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 2
Read the text above and choose the correct answer. There is only one correct answer in each point.
  1. In text A, what’s the relationship between the author and his brother?
    a) The author doesn’t look up to his brother.
    b) The author’s brother recently earned his admiration.
    b) The author doesn’t understand his brother’s life choices.
    c) They never really talk or spend time with each other.
  2. The author of text A recalls their mom’s birthday in order to
    a) show what his brother’s life is like now that he has a job.
    b) give an example of the things that his brother can afford now.
    b) make the reader understand why he won’t choose a similar path.
    c) criticise his brother’s behaviour towards their parents.
  3. What does the author of text A mean by saying "maybe it’s worth it"?
    a) Sacrificing some things in your life so that you don’t have to worry about money.
    b) Having a family even if it means problems with making ends meet.
    b) Upsetting someone but being able to buy them things they dream of.
    c) Working and earning less but having more time for the family.
  4. Which is true about texts A and B?
    a) They present opposing points of view.
    b) The author of A would only partially agree with the author of B.
    b) The author of text B probably got his ideas from text A.
    c) Both texts have the same main idea about money.
  5. The best title for text B would be:
    a) How to earn a good salary.
    b) Money matters.
    b) Job satisfaction is the key.
    c) Money doesn’t buy happiness.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 3
Read the text above. Then, drag and drop the elements below to match the expressions with their definitions.

  1. If you     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money,     you work way too much.
  2. To     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     is to spend a lot on things that aren’t necessary.
  3. People who     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     have so much they don’t know what to do with it.
  4. If you     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     you’re getting paid very little.
  5. To say it was     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     means someone earned it illegally or without too much effort.
  6. If you     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     you have enough money to get from one month to the next.
  7. If you get     1. make ends meet, 2. work for peanuts, 3. throw money around, 4. have money to burn, 5. work yourself into the ground, 6. fringe benefits, 7. easy money     that means that apart from money you’re getting things like a company car or computer.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 4
Complete the sentences about texts A and B. Use 2-5 words. In your answer, include the keywords given in brackets.
  1. In text A, Luke spends a lot of money     Tu uzupełnij     financial problems. (HAVE)
  2. In text A, the author’s parents     Tu uzupełnij     a lot of money. (EARN)
  3. Text B suggests that you might     Tu uzupełnij     (GET) if you spend 33% of your life in a place     Tu uzupełnij.    (LIKE)
  4. In text B, playing chess is given as an example of a     Tu uzupełnij.    (CHEAP)
  5. In text B the phrase ‘ticket to freedom’ means that a good salary     Tu uzupełnij     you want. (ALLOWS)
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

GRAMATYKA

Wyrażenie ,,osoba + wish'' stosujemy, aby wyrazić życzenie lub żal. Przetłumaczymy go jako “chciałbym/chciałabym''” lub “żałuję, że .../szkoda, że...”. Używamy go, aby mówić o hipotetycznej teraźniejszości, przyszłości, przeszłości lub aby wyrazić zniecierpliwienie/poirytowanie obecną sytuacją, na którą nie mamy wpływu.

W zależności od kontekstu, stosujemy następujące czasy gramatyczne:

I wish + Past Simple / Past Continuous (zdania dotyczą teraźniejszości).

Przykłady:

I wish I had money. - Żałuję, że nie mam pieniędzy.

I wish you were here. - Szkoda, że cię tu nie ma.

She wishes she wasn't working late today. - Ona żałuje, że dziś pracuje późno.

I wish + Past Perfect / Past Perfect Continuous (zdania dotyczą przeszłości).

Przykłady:

I wish I hadn't fought with my boss. - Szkoda, że posprzeczałem się z moim szefem.

He wishes he had remembered about your birthday. - On żałuje, że nie pamiętał o twoich urodzinach.

We wish we had gone with you that day. - Żałujemy, że nie poszliśmy z wami tamtego dnia.

I wish + would/could + czasownik (zdania dotyczą przyszłości).

Przykłady:

I wish it would stop raining. - Chciałbym, żeby przestało padać.

She wishes they wouldn't make so much noise in front of her house. - Ona chciałaby, żeby nie robili tyle hałasu przed jej domem.

They wish they wouldn’t work such long hours every day. - Oni chcieliby nie pracować tak długo każdego dnia.

Exercise 5
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Group the sentences according to what you’ve learned about the usage of wish. ZDANIA DOTYCZĄCE TERAŹNIEJSZOŚCI Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. He wishes the weather would change., 2. They wish they had such a positive outlook on life as you., 3. I wish you would come visit us sometime., 4. I wish I had been more involved in your life., 5. She wishes she wasn’t so busy with cleaning., 6. You wish you hadn’t talked to your mother like that., 7. He wishes he had come with you on that trip., 8. I wish I was much younger than I am., 9. We wish we could come to your birthday party tomorrow. ZDANIA DOTYCZĄCE PRZESZŁOŚCI Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. He wishes the weather would change., 2. They wish they had such a positive outlook on life as you., 3. I wish you would come visit us sometime., 4. I wish I had been more involved in your life., 5. She wishes she wasn’t so busy with cleaning., 6. You wish you hadn’t talked to your mother like that., 7. He wishes he had come with you on that trip., 8. I wish I was much younger than I am., 9. We wish we could come to your birthday party tomorrow. ZDANIA DOTYCZĄCE PRZYSZŁOŚCI Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. He wishes the weather would change., 2. They wish they had such a positive outlook on life as you., 3. I wish you would come visit us sometime., 4. I wish I had been more involved in your life., 5. She wishes she wasn’t so busy with cleaning., 6. You wish you hadn’t talked to your mother like that., 7. He wishes he had come with you on that trip., 8. I wish I was much younger than I am., 9. We wish we could come to your birthday party tomorrow.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

WOULD RATHER

Konstrukcji z would rather używamy, aby wyrazić niezadowolenie lub preferencje dotyczące istniejącej sytuacji lub brak jej spełnienia w przeszłości. W zależności od sytuacji zdania konstruujemy w jeden z następujących sposobów:

Gdy mówimy o sobie:

Sytuacja obecna: He doesn’t work from home.

Nasze preferencje: He’d rather work from home.

Sytuacja trwająca obecnie: She’s working late today.

Nasze niezadowolenie: She'd rather not be working late today.

Sytuacja w przeszłości: I heard from a coworker about my transfer.

Nasze niezadowolenie: I’d rather not have heard from a coworker about my transfer.

Gdy mówimy o kimś/czymś innym:

Sytuacja obecna: My office doesn’t have any windows.

Nasze preferencje: I’d rather my office had some windows.

Sytuacja trwająca obecnie: My mom is working late today.

Nasze niezadowolenie: I’d rather my mom wasn’t working late today.

Sytuacja w przeszłości: He divided the work without consulting with me.

Nasze niezadowolenie: I’d rather he hadn’t divided the work without consulting with me.

Exercise 6
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Match the Polish translations with correct sentences according to what you’ve learned about the usage of would rather. Wolałbym pracować do późna niż w ogóle. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night. Wolał raczej, żebyś powiedział mu o tym problemie wtedy. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night. Wolałabym, żebyś podjął decyzję teraz. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night. Wolelibyśmy nie nocować. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night. Woleli raczej zjeść wegetariański posiłek. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night. Wolałbyś studiować za granicą. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I'd rather be working late than not at all., 2. They'd rather have eaten a vegetarian meal., 3. I'd rather you made your choice now., 4. He'd rather you had told him about the issue then., 5. You'd rather study abroad., 6. We'd rather not be staying the night.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

HAD BETTER

Konstrukcji had better (lepiej by było, żeby...) używamy, by zasugerować jakieś działanie. Myśl o niej jako o konstrukcji bliskoznacznej do should.

Przykład:

You should start working on it as soon as possible. = You’d better start working on it as soon as possible.

I should go now. = I’d better go now.

Exercise 7
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Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given.
GET    ARRIVE    LEAVE    FIND You’d better Tu uzupełnij this to someone more experienced. She’d better Tu uzupełnij soon or the meeting will start without her. I’d better Tu uzupełnij a solution to this problem fast. We’d better Tu uzupełnij some rest.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Exercise 8
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Read the sentences below and choose the correct answer. 1. I wish I didn’t have to not have to go there.
2. I wish my parents have had a job like that.
3. She wishes she had chosen will choose a different career.
4. She’d rather he sits sat with us.
5. I’d rather work working a bit less.
6. I’d ratherdon’t live not live my entire life in debt.
7. Would you rather be doing had done something else?
8. You’d better saving save some money for a rainy day.
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

SŁOWNIK

afford
afford

/ əˈfɔːd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pozwolić (sobie na coś)

(to be able to buy or do something because you have enough money or time)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
bare necessities
bare necessities

/ beə nɪˈsesɪtɪz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

podstawowe minimum, najpotrzebniejsze rzeczy

(only the most basic or important)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
bonus
bonus

/ ˈbəʊnəs /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

premia

 (an extra amount of money that is given to you as a present or reward for good work as well as the money you were expecting)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
budget
budget

/ ˈbʌdʒət /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

budżet

(the amount of money you have available to spend)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
contentment
contentment

/ kənˈtentmənt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

zadowolenie

(happiness and satisfaction, often because you have everything you need)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
determination
determination

/ dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

determinacja

(the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
easy money
easy money

/ ˈiːzi ˈmʌni /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

łatwo zarobione pieniądze

(money that is easily and sometimes dishonestly earned)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
fringe benefits [fringe benefit]
fringe benefits [fringe benefit]

/ frɪndʒ ˈbenɪfɪts / / frɪndʒ ˈbenɪfɪt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

świadczenia dodatkowe [świadczenie dodatkowe]

(something that you get for working, in addition to your pay, that is not in the form of money)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
has money to burn [have money to burn]
has money to burn [have money to burn]

/ ˈhæz ˈmʌni tə bɜːn / / həv ˈmʌni tə bɜːn /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

(idiom) mieć za dużo pieniędzy (have too much money)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
in the red
in the red

/ ɪn ðə red /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pod kreską, z długami

(spending more money than you earn)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
income
income

/ ˈɪnkʌm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dochód

(money that is earned from doing work or received from investments)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
job satisfaction
job satisfaction

/ dʒɒb ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn̩ /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

satysfakcja z pracy

(the feeling of pleasure and achievement that you experience in your job when you know that your work is worth doing, or the degree to which your work gives you this feeling)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
making ends meet [make ends meet]
making ends meet [make ends meet]

/ ˈmeɪk dɪˈmɑːndz ɒn / / ˈmeɪkɪŋ endz miːt /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

wiązał/wiązała koniec z końcem [związać koniec z końcem]

(to have just enough money to pay for the things that you need)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
overtime
overtime

/ ˈəʊvətaɪm /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

nadgodziny

(time spent working after the usual time needed or expected in a job)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
pay rise
pay rise

/ ˈpeɪ raɪz /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

podwyżka

(an increase in the amount of money you earn for doing your job)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
perks [perk]
perks [perk]

/ pɜːks / / pɜːk /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dodatkowe korzyści [dodatkowa korzyść]

(an advantage or something extra, such as money or goods, that you are given because of your job)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
pretty penny
pretty penny

/ ˈprɪti ˈpeni /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

niezła kasa, duża suma pieniędzy

(a large amount of money)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
salary
salary

/ ˈsæləri /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

pensja (zwykle wypłacana co miesiąc)

(a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an employee, usually paid directly into his or her bank account every month)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
throwing money around [throw money around]
throwing money around [throw money around]

/ ˈthetarəʊɪŋ ˈmʌni əˈraʊnd / / ˈthetarəʊ ˈmʌni əˈraʊnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

szasta pieniędzmi [szastać pieniędzmi]

(to spend money, especially in an obvious and careless way, on things that are not necessary)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
well‑off
well‑off

/ wel ɒf /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dobrze sytuowany/sytuowana, zamożny/zamożna

(rich)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
well paid
well paid

/ wel peɪd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

dobrze płatny/płatna

(earning a lot of money)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
work yourself into the ground
work yourself into the ground

/ ˈwɜ:k jɔːˈself ˈɪntə ðə ɡraʊnd /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

przepracowywać się

(to make yourself very tired by working too much)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe
working for peanuts [work for peanuts]
working for peanuts [work for peanuts]

/ ˌwɜ:kɪŋ fə ˈpiːnʌts / / ˈwɜ:k fə ˈpiːnʌts /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

praca za marne grosze [pracować za marne grosze]

(to work for a very small payment)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY‑SA 3.0

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(Uzupełnij).
Źródło: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
sense of security
sense of security

/ sens əv sɪˈkjʊərɪti /

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Nagranie dźwiękowe

poczucie bezpieczeństwa

(feeling secure in something)

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Nagranie dźwiękowe