The RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance, otherwise known as the Rebirth, is an era that began at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries in Italy and lasted until the 16th century. It had a great impact on almost all areas of contemporary life – culture, science and art. The medieval ideals were thrown aside and the focus was put on the man and his life. It was man, not God, who was at the center of attention. Thus, the concept inseparably connected with the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance is humanismHumanismhumanism.
The leading concept of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance era was “carpe diem” – seize the day, live in the moment. In the Renaissance, there was a return to ancient thought. It was based on the authority of ancient philosophers. The intellectuals of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance era focused on Roman ideals, civic virtues, and secular, not religious, education models. The ideal of the era was a comprehensively educated man.
Rich Italian families erected palaces showing their wealth, and decorated them with paintings and sculptures commissioned from artists. This how the patronagePatronagepatronage was born, which is the care of wealthy connoisseurs of art over its creators.
As a result of the development of crafts and trade, but also thanks to the political break‑up of Italy, wealthy centers were established, where the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance culture began to flourish. These centers include mainly Milan, Rome, Genoa, Venice as well as Florence.
In the Renaissance period, many famous artists created their works, including Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo. All pieces of art created during this period were created in a realistic manner.
The cult of antiquity found its fullest expression in Italian literature. Italian artists imitated the ancient ones, Latin was the dominant language. This does not mean, however, that native languages were not used.
Poets and other writers of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance era addressed various issues, but the topic that interested them the most was the man.
The greatest writer of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance was William Shakespeare, the author of such works as “Hamlet”, “Romeo and Juliet” or “Macbeth”.
Although the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance era did not last long, it had a huge impact on the future: it initiated another era, the early modern period.
Task 1
Someone calls you “a man of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance”. Will you consider it a compliment or not? Specify what traits and what education should “a man of the RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance” have. Do you know such a historical figure?
Task 2
Explain the origin of the words: RenaissanceRenaissanceRenaissance, humanismHumanismhumanism. How do you understand these concepts? What were the sources of new ideas?
Task 3
Learn more about the great buildings that were created as a result of competition between Italian city‑states. Which of them, in your opinion, is a showcase of the Italian Renaissance?
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Ilustracja przedstawiająca informacje, dzięki którym dowiedz się więcej o wspaniałych budynkach, które powstały w wyniku rywalizacji między włoskimi miastami-państwami.
Ilustracja przedstawiająca informacje, dzięki którym dowiedz się więcej o wspaniałych budynkach, które powstały w wyniku rywalizacji między włoskimi miastami-państwami.
Source: fot: Fczarnowski, fot: Jean-Christophe Benoist, fot: MM, fot: Radomil, fot: Sailko, fot: Softeis, fot: Stefan Bauer, map: Enok, map: Shadowfox, GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.
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Exercise 1
Zdjęcie przedstawia wnętrze Uniwersytetu w Bolonii.
Zdjęcie przedstawia wnętrze Uniwersytetu w Bolonii.
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Exercise 2
Link the terms and their definitions. Renaissance Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Humanism Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Patronage Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Anthropocentrism Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value.
Link the terms and their definitions. Renaissance Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Humanism Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Patronage Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value. Anthropocentrism Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. (from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., 2. care (including financial) over artists., 3. man in the center of interest of science, culture and art., 4. the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value.
Link the terms and their definitions.
(from Italian: rinascita – rebirth, awakening, bloom) - an era in Europe lasting from the 15th to the 16th century., care (including financial) over artists., the main intellectual movement of the Renaissance, which states that the man is in the center of attention and of the highest value., man in the center of interest of science, culture and art.