Zapisywanie dokumentów tekstowych w różnych formatach

A text filetext filetext file is a computer file that comprises only alphanumeric characters, i.e. letters and numerical digits.

Two formats are typical saving formats of such a file:

• the TXT file format, which does not include formatting,

• the RTF file format, which includes basic formatting.

Since text editors became advanced programmes as parts of office suites, they have included a range of additional elements apart from text, e.g. tables, images, charts. In order to store such documents, the makers of computer software apply one of the selected saving formats.

• An open formatopen formatopen format is a document saving standard developed by independent non‑profit organizations which can be used and implemented by anyone. The users of documents complying with the standard can access them by using the programmes of various providers. The example of such a format is ODF (OpenDocument).

• A proprietary formatproprietary formatproprietary format is a file format that is developed and controled by a specific company. The exchange of such files between the applications of different providers is very difficult. The example of such a format is DOC.

• An open proprietary formatproprietary formatproprietary format is an open document saving format which has not been accepted as standard by the majority of software developers. It enables exchanging data between programmes of various providers, but it does not ensure the compatibility of all elements of a document. The example of such a format is OOXML (Office Open XML).

For instance Word, the most popular text editor, can save its documents as:

• a standard Word document,

• a Word templatetemplatetemplate,

• older versions of Word,

• PDF,

• a web page,

• an XPS document,

• an OpenDocument,

• a text filetext filetext file,

• an RTF file.

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Zrzut ekranu przedstawia fragment formatki zapisywaniu pliku w programie MS Word. Na górze napis File names i obok pole tekstowe z wpisanym słowem document. Poniżej napis Save as type i obok lista rozwijana zawierająca nazwy typów plików: Word Document, Word Macro-Enabled Document, Word 97-2007 Document, Word Template, Word Macro-Enabled Template, Word 97-2003 Template, PDF, XPS Document, Single File Web Page, Web Page, Web Page Filtered, Rich Text Format, Plain Text, Word XML Document, Strick Open XML Document, OpenDocument Text.

Every text editor has its own default file typedefault file typedefault file type in which a document is saved. If you want to change this type, you must use the option Save As. Just below the File name dialogue box, a drop‑down list entitled Save as type is displayed, which includes all file saving standardssaving standardssaving standards supported by the text editor.

A document templatetemplatetemplate is a file format that enables saving a document as a template, based on which you can create new documents. It allows to save document content and settings such as styles, page layout and even customcustomcustom keyboard shortcutskeyboard shortcutskeyboard shortcuts and menus.

A web page (htm/html) is a file format that enables saving a document for display on the internet.

A PDF document is a file format that used for the presentation, moving and printing the content comprising text and graphics.

An XPS document is a file format competing with PDF, used for storing and viewing documents, which is supported by some providers of printing systems.

Text editors enable saving documents in standards used for saving files in previous versions of the software. Reading the older versions of files is usually troublefree.

You can identify the file format in which a document is saved by the icon of the document and the extension of the saved file.

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Ilustracja przedstawia przykładowe formaty zapisu plików tekstowych w postaci zrzutu fragmentu folderu zawierającego przykładowe dokumenty. Można zobaczyć jak nazywa się dokument i jakie ma rozszerzenie. Dokument programu Microsoft Word 97-2003 .doc, Dokument programu Microsoft Word z obsługą makr .docm, Dokument programu Microsoft Word .docx, Szablon programu Microsoft Word .dotx, Adobe Acrobat Document .pdf, Tekst sformatowany RTF .rtf, Dokument tekstowy .txt, Dokument XPS .xps

The European Commission recommends OpenDocument (known also as ODF or ISO/IEC 26300) as standard to be used in administration and business. It is used by many EU institutions and private companies in Poland and in Europe as a fully functional and free solution replacing commercial office software. Similar solution was adopted by the Polish government.

Exercises

Glossary

Keywords

open formatopen formatopen format

proprietary formatproprietary formatproprietary format

open proprietary formatopen proprietary formatopen proprietary format