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Similar figures

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Figury podobne

Learning objectives

  • Identifying and drawing similar figures.

  • Calculating the scale of similarity of figures.

Learning effect

  • You identify and draw similar figures.

  • You calculate the scale of similarity of figures.

Brainstorm.

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nagranie abstraktu

Think about what figures can be called similar. Relate this to information about the scale and obtaining images of figures in the scale.

Draw any two triangles and point out their common characteristics.

Then point out common characteristics of any two equilateral triangles and two regular hexagons.

Example 1

Analyse examples of pairs of similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures. Draw conclusions.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Conclusion:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • Figures that have the same shape but might have different size are similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Your task is to observe changes in size and shape of figures obtained in following transformations.

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Geogebra aplet - Skala podobieństwa. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Based on the scale analogy, say how to identify the scale of similarityscale of similarityscale of similarity.

Conclusion:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • scale of similarityscale of similarityscale of similarity is the number k (k > 0) expressing the ratio of corresponding line segments in similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures.

Analyse the example.

Example 2

Figures F and G are similar.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

If the length of any line segment of the figure F is doubled then we obtain corresponding line segment of the figure G. We say that the figure F is similar to the figure G in the scale 12, and the figure G is similar to the figure F in the scale 21.

Use obtained information in exercises.

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

There is a square whose side is equal to 5 cm. Calculate the length of the side of a square similar to the given one in a scale 6.

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw any two squares. Measure their sides with the ruler and calculate the scale of similarityscale of similarityscale of similarity of the greater square to the smaller.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw any two circles. How to identify the scale of similarity of these circles?

Task 5
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nagranie abstraktu

The circle OIndeks dolny 1 whose radius is 5 is similar to the circle OIndeks dolny 2 in the scale 1 : 3. Calculate the length of the perimeter of the circle OIndeks dolny 2.

Task 6
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nagranie abstraktu

In the picture there is the pair of similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures. Measure lengths of proper line segment and give the scale of similarityscale of similarityscale of similarity of these figures.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 7

An extra task:

Prove that each figure symmetric about and axis consists of two similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures.

Do the revision exercises.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Each two line segments of the same length are similar., 2. Each two rectangles are similar., 3. Each two parallel line segments are similar., 4. A circle whose radius is 2 cm is similar to the disc whose radius is 2 cm.
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Exercise 2
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: The radius of the circle O1 is equal to 5 and the radius of the circle O2 is equal to 8. The circle O2 is similar to the circle O1 in a scale. Determine which sentence is true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 8:5, 2. 64:25, 3. 5:8, 4. 25:64
Exercise 3

What is the scale of similarity of the circle whose radius is 3 cm and a circle whose area is 9πcm2. What are such figures called?

Describe the solution in English.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Match Polish terms with their English equivalents. wskazywanie figur Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. drawing figures, 2. similar figures, 3. scale of similarity, 4. identifying figures figury podobne Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. drawing figures, 2. similar figures, 3. scale of similarity, 4. identifying figures rysowanie figur Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. drawing figures, 2. similar figures, 3. scale of similarity, 4. identifying figures skala podobieństwa Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. drawing figures, 2. similar figures, 3. scale of similarity, 4. identifying figures
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

drawing figures
drawing figures

rysowanie figur

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wymowa w języku angielskim: drawing figures
identifying figures
identifying figures

wskazywanie figur

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wymowa w języku angielskim: identifying figures
scale of similarity
scale of similarity

skala podobieństwa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: scale of similarity
similar figures
similar figures

figury podobne

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wymowa w języku angielskim: similar figures

Keywords

drawing figuresdrawing figuresdrawing figures

identifying figuresidentifying figuresidentifying figures

scale of similarityscale of similarityscale of similarity - liczba k (k > 0) wyrażającą stosunek odpowiadających sobie odcinków w figurach podobnych

similar figuressimilar figuressimilar figures - figury, które mają taki sam kształt, ale mogą mieć inną wielkość