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The area of polygons

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Pola wielokątów

Learning objectives

You will develop the ability to calculate the area of polygons using the method of dividing them into smaller polygons.

You will get to know the way of using a geoboard to calculate the area of polygons.

Learning effect

  • You will learn to calculate the area of polygons dividing them into smaller polygons, whose area is easy to calculate.

  • You will learn to use a geoboard to calculate the area of polygons.

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nagranie abstraktu

Recollect the formulae for calculating the areas of polygons and  the methods of calculating the areas when the polygons are neither quadrangles, nor triangles. The aim of the class: developing the ability to calculate the area of polygons. Analyse the slideshow, paying special attention to the way of dividing polygons.

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Pokaz slajdów – Jak obliczyć pole wielokąta? Instrukcja obsługi z poziomu klawiatury: 1. Uruchomienie aplikacji - ENTER, 2. Na każdym ze slajdów czytany jest automatycznie tekst alternatywny po polsku, 3. Przy pierwszym uruchomieniu na pierwszym slajdzie, czytanie tekstu po angielsku - TAB, 4. Przejście między slajdami: do następnego slajdu - TAB, do poprzedniego slajdu - TAB + SHIFT, 5. Przejście do czytania napisu po angielsku - strzałka w górę + strzałka w dół (czyta tekst po angielsku widoczny na slajdzie).
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

Guess if any polygonpolygon polygon can be easily divided into squares. In which points of the squares should the vertices of the polygon be located?

In the available sources, look for information about the goeboard, where the area of the unit squaresquaresquare is known and the methods of using it to calculate the area of polygons.

Use this information to solve the task in the applet. Pay attention to the position of the points of the geoboardgeoboardgeoboard where the vertices of the polygon are located.

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Aplet geogebry: Pole figury. Poniżej znajduje się galeria ilustracji stanowiących alternatywę dla apletu.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

When using a geoboardgeoboardgeoboard to calculate the area of a polygonarea of a polygonarea of a polygon, we try to put the vertices of the polygonpolygon polygon in the nails of the geoboard as long as it is possible.

In the available sources, look for information about pentominopentomino pentomino - a popular logical puzzle.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

A squared piece of paper is the model of a geoborad. In the piece of paper, draw various polygons made of 5 adjacent squares, alternately.

Examples of such polygons:

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

What is the maximum number of the polygons that can be made in this way? What are the areas and perimeters of these polygons?

Task 2

An extra task:

Cut out all the polygons that you have drawn. Remember – there should be 12 of them. In this way you get the elements of pentomino. Use all the elements to make a rectanglerectanglerectangle.

Use the information to solve the tasks.

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the area of the isosceles triangletriangletriangle, whose length is 4 and the altitude drawn to the base equals 6.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

The diagonals of a deltoid have the lengths of 10 and 4. Calculate the area of this deltoid.

Task 5
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nagranie abstraktu

In parallelogramparallelogramparallelogram ABCD side AB Has the length of 9. Line segment DE is the altitude of this parallelogram. Angle DAE measures 45° and line segment AE has the length of 4. Calculate the area of this parallelogramparallelogramparallelogram.

Task 6

An extra task:

In right trapezoid ABCD, bases AB and CD have the lengths of 6 and 2 respectively. Side AD adjacent to the right angle has the length of 5.

In right isosceles triangletriangletriangle EFG, the leg has the length of 4. Calculate the sum of the areas of the trapezoid and the triangle.  

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nagranie abstraktu

Having finished all the tasks, do the consolidation tasks. Formulate information that you need to remember.

  • When using a geoboardgeoboardgeoboard to calculate the area of a polygonarea of a polygonarea of a polygon, we try to put the vertices of the polygonpolygon polygon in the nails of the geoboard as long as it is possible.

  • Pentominopentomino Pentomino is a logical puzzle consisting of 12 various elements, each made of 5 adjacent squares.

Exercises

Exercise 1
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Determine which sentences are true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. If the perimeter of a rectangle equals 20, and one of its sides Has the length of 8, the area of this rectangle is 32., 2. The area of a square equals 49, so its perimeter equals 28., 3. If the area of a right triangle equals 40, and one of its legs has the length of 10, the other leg has the length of 8.
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 2

Draw squaresquaresquare K with a side of any length. Join the centres of its sides. Prove that quadrangle C that you have got is a square. Calculate the ratio of the areas of squares K and C.

Exercise 3

Find out how a triangular network is structured. Tell in English, the areas of which figures can be calculated using a triangular network.

Exercise 4
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. pentomino - pentomino, 2. sieć kwadratowa - geoboard, 3. kwadrat - square, 4. prostokąt - rectangle, 5. wielokąt - parallelogram, 6. obwód wielokąta - perimeter of a polygon
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

area of a polygon
area of a polygon

pole wielokąta

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wymowa w języku angielskim: area of the polygon
geoboard
geoboard

sieć kwadratowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: geoboard
parallelogram
parallelogram

równoległobok

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wymowa w języku angielskim: parallelogram
pentomino
pentomino

pentomino

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wymowa w języku angielskim: pentomino
perimeter of a polygon
perimeter of a polygon

obwód wielokąta

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wymowa w języku angielskim: perimeter of a polygon
polygon
polygon

wielokąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: polygon
rectangle
rectangle

prostokąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: rectangle
square
square

kwadrat

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wymowa w języku angielskim: square
triangle
triangle

trójkąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: triangle

Keywords

geoboardgeoboardgeoboard

pentominopentomino pentomino

rectanglerectanglerectangle

squaresquaresquare