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The circle sector and the segment of a circle

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Wycinek i odcinek koła

Learning objectives

You will learn how to calculate the area of the circle sector and the area of the circle segment.

Learning effect

  • You can calculate the area of the circle sector and the area of the circle segment and solve problems.

  • You can describe in English the ways of calculating the area of the circle sector and the area of the circle segment.

Recollect the definition of the central anglecentral anglecentral angle. Do you remember the formulae for the area of the triangle when we know two of its sides and the angle between them?

Familiarize with the concept of the circle sectorcircle sectorcircle sector and circle segmentcircle segmentcircle segment.

The circle sector
Definition: The circle sector
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nagranie abstraktu

The circle sectorcircle sectorcircle sector is the part of the disk enclosed by the arms of the central anglecentral anglecentral angle α and the subtended arc.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
The circle segment
Definition: The circle segment
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nagranie abstraktu

The circle segmentcircle segmentcircle segment is the part of the disk enclosed by the chordchordchord, indicating the central anglecentral anglecentral angle α and the subtended arc.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the Geogebra: „The circle sector” applet. Change the position of point A and answer the questions:

  1. How does the ratio of the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle sector to the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle change?

  2. How does the ratio of the central anglecentral anglecentral angle to the full angle change?

  3. Is the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle sector proportional to the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle? Does the constant of proportionality depend on the measure of the angle of the circle sectorcircle sectorcircle sector?

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Geogebra aplet - Wycinek koła. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Suggest a formula for the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle sector based on your observations. The formula for the area of the circle sector.

The area of the circle sector
Rule: The area of the circle sector

The area of the circle sector with radius r cut out by the central angle measuring α is expressed with formula:

P=α360° ·π·r2

Discussion

How can you calculate the circle segment?

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nagranie abstraktu

Derive the formula for the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle segment.

Look at the diagram and notice that the area of the segment is the difference between the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle sector with central anglecentral anglecentral angle α and the area of triangle ABS. Triangle ABS is isosceles with sides being the radii of the circle and angle α between them. The area of triangle ABS equals PABS=12·r2·sinα. So, the area of the segment may be derived from the formula:

Pofthecirclesegment=r2(α360°π12sinα)

Check the correctness of the formula for α=180° and  α>180°.

Solve the following task.

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu
  1. In the circle with radius of 5 cm there is a chordchordchord of 5 cm. Calculate the area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle segment.

  2. Inscribed angle measures 60° and intercepts the arc AB of circle whose radius is 3 cm. Calculate the area of the sector of the circle enclosed by arc AB.

  3. The area of the circlearea of the circlearea of the circle is 144π cmIndeks górny 2. Find the measure of the central anglecentral anglecentral angle, for which the area of the sector of this circle equals 36π cmIndeks górny 2.

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

An extra task:
A circle with radius of 1 cm was inscribed in the circle sectorcircle sectorcircle sector, as show in the diagram. Calculate the area of this sector.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: The area of the circle equals 36π cm2. The area of the circle sector with the central angle of 120° equals. Determine which sentence is true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 12 cm2, 2. 18π cm2, 3. 12π cm2, 4. 6 cm2
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Exercise 2
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: A regular hexagon is inscribed in a circle whose radius is 4 cm. The sides of the hexagon cut off 6 identical circle segments. Find their area. Determine which sentence is true. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 16π+243, 2. 4π·(4-3), 3. 4π·(4+3), 4. 16π-243
Exercise 3

Explain in English how to calculate the area of the circle sector.

Exercise 4
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. promień koła - circle radius, 2. wycinek koła - circle sector, 3. odcinek koła - circle segment, 4. oparty na łuku - subtended by the arc, 5. kąt środkowy - formula for the area, 6. pole koła - subtended by the arc
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

area of the circle
area of the circle

pole koła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: area of the circle
central angle
central angle

kąt środkowy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: east longitude
chord
chord

cięciwa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: chord
circle radius
circle radius

promień koła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: circle radius
circle sector
circle sector

wycinek koła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: circle sector
circle segment
circle segment

odcinek koła

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wymowa w języku angielskim: circle segment
formula for the area
formula for the area

wzór na pole

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wymowa w języku angielskim: formula for the area
subtended by the arc
subtended by the arc

oparty na łuku

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wymowa w języku angielskim: subtended by the arc

Keywords

central anglecentral anglecentral angle

circle sectorcircle sectorcircle sector – nazywamy część koła ograniczoną ramionami kąta środkowego α i łukiem okręgu, na którym ten kąt jest oparty

circle segmentcircle segmentcircle segment – nazywamy część koła ograniczoną cięciwą, wyznaczającą kąt środkowy α i łukiem okręgu, na którym ten kąt jest oparty.

formula for the areaformula for the areaformula for the area

subtended by the arcsubtended by the arcsubtended by the arc