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The coordinate system

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Układ współrzędnych

Learning objectives

  • You will become familiar with the notion of the coordinate system.

Learning effect

  • You specify the position of the coordinates in the plane.

  • You determine the coordinates in the plane.

  • You use English to describe the position of the coordinates in the plane.

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nagranie abstraktu

Revise the material about the number linenumber linenumber line, the description of the positions of the pieces on the chessboard and the points on the Battleship board.

Answer the following questions:

  • How is the number line called?

  • What does the orientation of the axis tell us about?

  • How is the unit segment called?

  • How can we describe the positionposition position of the pointpointpoint on the number line?

  • How can we describe the position of the piece on the chessboard?

  • How can we describe the coordinates of the point on the Battleship board?

You are going to become familiar with the notion of the coordinate systemcoordinate systemcoordinate system, specifying the position of the points on the number line and marking the points in the coordinate system.

Look at the drawing presenting the coordinate system.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Answer the following questions:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • What elements does the coordinate system consist of?

  • What points do the axes of the coordinate system intersect at?

  • How are the axes of the coordinate system described?

Note that:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The coordinate systemcoordinate systemcoordinate system is made of two perpendicular number lines.

  • The pointpointpoint of the intersection of the two axes is called the originoriginorigin.

  • The horizontal axis (abscissaeabscissaeabscissae) is marked with x.

  • The vertical axis (ordinatesordinatesordinates) is marked with y.

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nagranie abstraktu

Look at the drawing presenting the coordinate system with the marked points A, B, C and D.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Answer the following questions:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • How can we describe the positionposition position of the points in the coordinate system?

  • What axis describes the first number of the ordered pair of numbers?

  • What axis describes the second number of the ordered pair of numbers?

  • What is the pair of numbers describing the originoriginorigin of the coordinate system?

Note that:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The position of the pointpointpoint in the coordinate system is described by the ordered pair of the numbers called the coordinates.

  • The first coordinate is read on the x axis and it is called the abscissaeabscissaeabscissae.

  • The other coordinate is read on the y axis and is called the ordinate.

  • The originoriginorigin of the coordinate system is marked with the letter O with the coordinates of (0, 0).

Answer the following questions:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • What is the abscissaeabscissaeabscissae (the first coordinate) of the points lying on the y axis?

  • What is the ordinate (the second coordinate) of the points lying on the x axis?

Note that:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The abscissae (first coordinate) of the points lying on the y axis equals 0.

  • The ordinate (the second coordinate) of the points lying on the x axis equals 0.

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Look at the drawing below and read the coordinates of points A, B, C, D, E, F.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw the coordinate systemcoordinate systemcoordinate system and indicate the following points:

P= (-6, -2), R = (-3, 1), S = (0, 3), T = (4, 0), U = (5, 2), W = (7, -5).

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nagranie abstraktu

Become familiar with the notion of the quadrantquadrantquadrant of the coordinate system.

The axes of the coordinates divide the planeplaneplane into four parts; each of them is called the quadrant of the coordinate system. They are given numbers from I to IV in the counter‑clockwise direction, starting in the quadrant which has two positive coordinates.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Look at the drawing and answer the following questions:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • What are the signs of the coordinates lying in the first quadrantquadrantquadrant?

  • What are the signs of the coordinates lying in the second quadrant?

  • What are the signs of the coordinates lying in the third quadrant?

  • What are the signs of the coordinates lying in the fourth quadrant?

Note that:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • If the pointpointpoint is situated in the 1Indeks górny st  Indeks górny koniecquadrantquadrantquadrant of the cooperate system both of the cooperates are positive numbers.

  • If the point is situated in the 2Indeks górny nd quadrant of the cooperate system the first cooperate is a negative number and the other one is positive.

  • If the point is situated in the 3Indeks górny rd quadrant of the cooperate system both of the cooperates are negative numbers.

  • If the point is situated in the 4Indeks górny th quadrant of the cooperate system the first cooperate is a positive number and the other one is negative.

It is illustrated in the drawing below.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet and change the positionposition position of point D to get the following cooperates.

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Geogebra aplet - w ćwiczeniu narysowany jest układ współrzędnych. Osie układu są podpisane liczbami od -10 do 10. Należy przesunąć punkt D tak, aby miał współrzędne podane w kolejnych etapach ćwiczenia. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
The location of the point in the coordinate system
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw the following table.

I quadrant

II quadrant

III quadrant

IV quadrant

X axis

Y axis

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nagranie abstraktu

Specify in which of the quadrants the given pointpointpoint is situated and put it into the right field of the table:

(-3, 2), (34, -2), (0, 4), (23, 2.4), (-3, -8), (0, 27), (-15, 0), (3.4, -8), (-4, 213), (0, 2.6), (25, 0), (37, 200), (-70, -91), (-1, 0), (-3, 6), (12, -9).

Task 5

An extra task:

Draw the cooperate system and indicate the following:

-) with green all the points having the integers as the coordinates, whose abscissaeabscissaeabscissae equals 2 and the ordinate is greater than -4 and smaller than 3,

  • with red all the points having the integers as the coordinates, whose ordinate equals 5 and abscissae is greater than -6 and smaller than 5.

Remember:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The coordinate systemcoordinate systemcoordinate system is made of two perpendicular number lines.

  • The pointpointpoint of the intersection of the two axes is called the originoriginorigin.

  • The horizontal axis (abscissae) is marked with x.

  • The vertical axis (ordinatesordinatesordinates) is marked with y.

  • The positionposition position of the point in the coordinate system is described by the ordered pair of the numbers called the coordinates.

  • The first coordinate is read on the x axis and it is called the abscissaeabscissaeabscissae.

  • The second coordinate is read on the y axis and it is called the ordinate.

  • The origin of the coordinate system is marked with the letter O with the coordinates of (0, 0).

  • The axes of the coordinates divide the planeplaneplane into four parts, each of them is called the quadrantquadrantquadrant of the coordinate system.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate to which quadrant the point should be (-32,44, 30,21). Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. I, 2. II, 3. III, 4. IV
Exercise 2

On the basis of the drawing write down the points which are situated:

a) in the 1Indeks górny st quadrant of the cooperate system,

b) in the 2Indeks górny nd quadrant of the cooperate system,

c) in the 3Indeks górny rd quadrant of the cooperate system,

d) in the 4Indeks górny th quadrant of the cooperate system,

e) on the x axis,

f) on the y axis.

Give the cooperates of these points.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Exercise 3

Draw the cooperate system and mark the following points: A = (2, 6), B = (-1, 7), C = (0, 3), D = (-5, -10), E = (2, 0), F = (0, 0), G = (4, -8).

Describe the position of these points in English.

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Exercise 4
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. układ współrzędnych - coordinate system, 2. oś liczbowa - number line, 3. oś odciętych - abscissae, 4. punkt - point, 5. ćwiartka układu współrzędnych - origin, 6. początek układu współrzędnych - quadrant
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

abscissae
abscissae

oś odciętych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: abscissae
coordinate system
coordinate system

układ współrzędnych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: coordinate system
number line
number line

oś liczbowa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: number line
ordinates
ordinates

oś rzędnych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: ordinates
origin
origin

początek układu współrzędnych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: origin
perpendicularity
perpendicularity

prostopadłość

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wymowa w języku angielskim: perpendicularity
plane
plane

płaszczyzna

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wymowa w języku angielskim: plane
point
point

punkt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: point
position
position

położenie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: position
quadrant
quadrant

ćwiartka układu współrzędnych

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wymowa w języku angielskim: quadrant

Keywords

coordinate systemcoordinate systemcoordinate system

number linenumber linenumber line

originoriginorigin

pointpointpoint

quadrantquadrantquadrant