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The properties of the quadrangles

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Własności czworokątów

Learning objectives

You will learn about the types and the properties of quadrangles.

Learning effect

  • You calculate the measure of the angles of the parallelogram, the rhombus, the isosceles trapezium the right trapezium, the trapezium.

  • You calculate the perimeter of each of the trapeziums.

  • You use English to describe the properties of the trapeziums.

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nagranie abstraktu

Revise the basic properties of quadrangles and answer the following questions:

  • What property do the diagonals of any parallelogramparallelogramparallelogram have?

  • What do you know about the diagonals of the rhombusrhombusrhombus?

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Check what you have learned.

Do you recognise this type of quadranglequadranglequadrangle?

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The quadranglequadranglequadrangle with at least one pair of parallel sides.

  • The diagonals of this quadrangle intersect at the right angleright angleright angle.

  • One of the diagonals of this quadrangle divides the other into half.

  • This quadranglequadranglequadrangle has got two pairs of equal adjacent sides.

  • This quadrangle has got two pairs of parallel sides.

  • The quadranglequadranglequadrangle has got all equal sides.

  • One of the diagonaldiagonal diagonal is the axis of symmetryaxis of symmetryaxis of symmetry of this quadranglequadranglequadrangle.

  • The parallel sides are of equal length.

  • The diagonals of the quadranglequadranglequadrangle intersect at the point which divides them into halves.

  • The opposite sides of the quadrangle are of equal length.

  • The quadranglequadranglequadrangle has at least one arm perpendicular to the base.

Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet. You are going to observe how the perimeterperimeterperimeter of the quadranglequadranglequadrangle changes depending on the lengths of its sides.

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Animacja interaktywna umożliwia zmianę długości boków w trapezie. Można zaobserwować jak zmienia się obwód trapezu, w zależności od długości jego boków. Galeria z opisami alternatywnymi poniżej.
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
After completing the task, the students complete the following sentence.
The perimeter of the trapezium is the sum of [tu uzupełnij] sides. (all its)
After completing the task, the students complete the following sentence.
The perimeter of the trapezium is the sum of [tu uzupełnij] sides. (all its)
Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the perimeterperimeterperimeter of the trapeziumtrapeziumtrapezium.

In your notebook draw the isosceles trapeziumtrapeziumtrapezium whose one base is 8 cm. The other base is 2 cm shorter and the arms are twice as short as the bottom base. Calculate its perimeterperimeterperimeter.

Answer the following questions:

  • What types of quadrangles do you know?

  • How can we calculate the perimeterperimeterperimeter of the quadranglequadranglequadrangle?

Task 4

Self‑study task:

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nagranie abstraktu

Find on the Internet the information about the dimensions of the Santiago Bernabeu stadium which is situated in Spain. Next, calculate the perimeterperimeterperimeter of the quadrangle‑shaped pitch.

Remember:

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nagranie abstraktu
  • Each quadrangle has got two diagonals.

  • The perimeterperimeterperimeter of the quadranglequadranglequadrangle is the sumsumsum of all its sides.

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nagranie abstraktu

Check what you have learned by doing the summarising tasks.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Point the quadrangles which has equal diagonals. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. rectangle, 2. square, 3. parallelogram, 4. rhombus, 5. trapezium
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Exercise 2
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Point the quadrangles which diagonals divide into halves. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. rectangle, 2. square, 3. parallelogram, 4. rhombus, 5. trapezium
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Exercise 3
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Point the quadrangles which diagonals are perpendicular to each other. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. rectangle, 2. square, 3. parallelogram, 4. rhombus, 5. trapezium
Exercise 4

The plot is in the shape of the right trapezium. The parallel sides have the length of 17 m and 23 m, respectively, the third side is 8 m, and the fourth is 2 metres longer than the third one. The wicket and the gate are 4 metres wide. Calculate how many metres of the fencing net the owner should buy. How much will he pay for the fencing net if 1 metre costs 41 PLN?

Exercise 5

In your notebook draw the isosceles trapezium with the bottom base of 6 cm. The other base is 2 cm shorter. The arms are twice as short as the bottom base. Calculate its perimeter.

In English describe the method for calculating the perimeter of the quadrangles.

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Exercise 6
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. równoległobok - parallelogram, 2. romb - rhombus, 3. trapez - trapezium, 4. kąt rozwarty - obtuse angle, 5. prostokąt - square, 6. kwadrat - rectangle
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

angle
angle

kąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: angle
axis of symmetry
axis of symmetry

oś symetrii

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wymowa w języku angielskim: axis of symmetry
diagonal
diagonal

przekątna

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wymowa w języku angielskim: diagonal
parallelogram
parallelogram

równoległobok

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wymowa w języku angielskim: parallelogram
perimeter
perimeter

obwód

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wymowa w języku angielskim: perimeter
quadrangle
quadrangle

czworokąt

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wymowa w języku angielskim: quadrangle
rhombus
rhombus

romb – równoległobok, który ma wszystkie boki równe

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wymowa w języku angielskim: rhombus
right angle
right angle

kąt prosty – ma 90 stopni

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wymowa w języku angielskim: right angle
sum
sum

suma

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wymowa w języku angielskim: sum
trapezium
trapezium

trapez

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wymowa w języku angielskim: trapezium

Keywords

diagonaldiagonal diagonal

quadranglequadranglequadrangle

parallelogramparallelogramparallelogram

rhombusrhombusrhombus

trapeziumtrapeziumtrapezium

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