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Water: pollution and its effects

Beach fragment contaminated with diesel oil
Source: domena publiczna.

Link to the lesson

Before you start you should know
  • that water is a chemical compound;

  • that the water molecule is composed of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms;

  • that the water at a room temperature is a liquid.

You will learn
  • to describe the water cycle (hydrological cycle) in nature;

  • to indicate the causes and consequences of water pollution;

  • to provide ways to protect water.

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nagranie dźwiękowe abstraktu

Pollutions of natural waters

Pure water does not occur in nature. It can be obtained as a result of distillation. It's called distilled waterdistilled waterdistilled water. Substances found during water cycle are contained in the water occurring on the Earth. For this reason, natural waters are aqueous solutions. Meteoric water (rain, snow, hail) should be free of dissolved solids before it has contact with the surface of the Earth. However, it is free only in areas free from pollution caused by human activity or the eruption of volcanoes. Natural waters may contain both desirable and harmful components for living organisms, so‑called pollution. These limit water resources and pose a threat to plant development as well as to animal and human health.

Task 1

Compare the amount of dissolved substances in different types of water: distilled, mineral, tap, sea, rain, from the river (lake), puddle. To do this, apply the same number of drops of each of the mentioned types of water to the glass plate (Petri dish or mirror). Make sure that the samples do not mix with each other. Leave the plate until the water evaporates completely. Compare the dry residues on each of them. Evaluate which type of water contains the largest amount of dissolved substances in it.

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Type of water (Uzupełnij). What was contained? (Uzupełnij). Which type of water contained the largest ammount of dissolved substances in it? (Uzupełnij).

Effect of water pollution

Task 2
Jakie są przyczyny zanieczyszczeń wody.
Jakie są przyczyny zanieczyszczeń wody.
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Effects of water pollution (Uzupełnij).
Task 3

Before you watch the film „Effects of petroleum derivatives actions on bird feathers”, write down the research question and hypothesis. Note down your observations and conclusions after watching the movie.

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Analysis of the movie: "Effect of petroleum derivatives action on bird feathers". Research question (Uzupełnij). Hypothesis (Uzupełnij). Observations (Uzupełnij). Conclusions (Uzupełnij).
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Film przedstawia eksperyment: Wpływ działań związanych z pochodnymi ropy naftowej na ptasie pióra. Do przeprowadzenia eksperymentu potrzebne są: woda, ptasie pióro i ropa naftowa, zlewki oraz pipeta. Przebieg eksperymentu: do dwóch zlewek należy nalać wody. Do jeden zlewki do wody należy dodać kilka kropel ropy naftowej. Następnie pióro należy zanurzyć w wodzie z ropą naftową. Okazuje się, że ropa naftowa oblepia pióro. Po zanurzeniu pióra w czystej wodzie pozostałości ropy nadal na nim zostają. Dopiero po dokładnym opłukaniu i wytarciu pióro staje się czystsze.
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Exercise 1
Select true statements. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. Pure water does not occur in nature., 2. Meteoric water (rain, snow, hail) before it touches the surface of the Earth, it never contains dissolved substances., 3. Sources of water pollution include volcanic eruptions and human activity., 4. Meteoric water contains the largest amount of substances and sea water the smallest amount., 5. Water is contaminated with heavy metals, phosphates from artificial fertilizers, organic matter.
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Prepare a multiple-choice test for a friend in the subject area of this lesson.

Summary

  • Natural waters, found in nature, are solutions of various solid substances and gases.

  • A lot of the substances are contained in sea water, the least - water from atmospheric precipitation.

  • Natural waters are exposed to pollution. These are municipal and industrial sewage, leachate from garbage dumps, solutions containing fertilizers and plant protection chemicals flowing down from the fields during rainfall, as well as substances entering the aquatic environment during rare, but large‑scale, dangerous sea catastrophes and cataclysms.

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Grafika przedstawiająca tablicę szkolną, na której znajdują się zdania do dokończenia. Finish selected sentences. 1 It was easy for me (uzupełnij). 2 It was difficult for me (uzupełnij). 3 Today I learned (uzupełnij). 4 I understood that (uzupełnij). 5 It surprised me (uzupełnij). 6. Today I found out (uzupełnij). 7. I was interested in (uzupełnij). 8. I still have to repeat (uzupełnij).
Source: GroMar Sp. z o.o., licencja: CC BY-SA 3.0.

Keywords

Distilled water, pollutions, seawater

Glossary

distilled water
distilled water
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Nagranie dźwiękowe słówka.

woda otrzymana w wyniku destylacji; nie zawiera rozpuszczonych substancji