Położenie punktów na mapie oraz globusie

Learning objectives

• You will discover the notion of the geographical coordinates.

Learning effect

• You identify the geographical coordinates of the cities on the map and on the globe.

• You recognize selected cities on the map according to their geographical coordinates.

• You describe the position of the points on the map and on the globe in English.

Prepare for the lesson:

• the atlases containing the mapmapmap of Poland,

• the globes.

Revise the information about the coordinate system.

Answer the following question:

• How can we identify the position of the point in the coordinate system?

Today you are going to discover the notion of the geographical coordinatesgeographical coordinatesgeographical coordinates. You are also going to specify the position of the points on the mapmapmap and on the globeglobeglobe.

Answer the following questions:

• What is the map used for?

• What is the globe used for?

Specifying the position of points on the map and on the globeglobeglobe is similar to specifying the points in the coordinate system.

Open the atlas and analyse the cartographic grid which covers the mapmapmap of Poland, in particular pay attention to the lines of the grid and the method of its description. Use the Internet to search for the terms you don’t know (e.g. the meridians, the parallel arcs).

As the result of your considerations you should come up with the following conclusions:

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Ilustracja interaktywna przedstawia mapę świata. Pionowymi liniami zostały zaznaczone południki, co trzydzieści stopni (180, 150, 120, 90, 60, 30, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180). Poziomymi liniami zostały zaznaczone równoleżniki, co piętnaście stopni (90, 75, 60, 45, 30, 15, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90). Na ilustracji widoczne są numery, a na nich podpisy. 1. There are vertical and horizontal lines on the map that intersect at the right angle., 2. The vertical lines are called the meridians , the horizontal lines are called the parallel arcs.{audio}, 3. On the border of the map there are written the values of the meridians and the parallel arcs measured in degrees.

Ilustracja interaktywna przedstawia mapę świata. Pionowymi liniami zostały zaznaczone południki, co trzydzieści stopni (180, 150, 120, 90, 60, 30, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180). Poziomymi liniami zostały zaznaczone równoleżniki, co piętnaście stopni (90, 75, 60, 45, 30, 15, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90). Na ilustracji widoczne są numery, a na nich podpisy. 1. There are vertical and horizontal lines on the map that intersect at the right angle., 2. The vertical lines are called the meridians , the horizontal lines are called the parallel arcs.{audio}, 3. On the border of the map there are written the values of the meridians and the parallel arcs measured in degrees.

1

2

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1. There are vertical and horizontal lines on the map that intersect at the right angle.{audio}

2. The vertical lines are called the meridians , the horizontal lines are called the parallel arcs.{audio}

3. On the border of the map there are written the values of the meridians and the parallel arcs measured in degrees.{audio}

The position of the point on the map is determined by the geographical coordinatesgeographical coordinatesgeographical coordinates: the value of the parallel arcparallel arcparallel arc (the latitude) and the value of the meridianmeridianmeridian (the longitude). The geographical coordinates are measured in degrees. One degree is divided into 60 minutes.

Using the map answer the following questions:

• What parallel arcs run via Poland?

• What hemispherehemispherehemisphere Northern or Southern is Poland situated in?

• What meridians run via Poland?

• Which hemisphere Eastern or Western is Poland situated in?

Notice, that:

• The parallel arcs 50°, 51°, 52°, 53° and 54° subsequently pass via Poland. Our country is situated in the Northern HemispherehemisphereHemisphere.

• The meridians 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19°, 20°, 21°, 22°, 23°, 24° subsequently pass via Poland. It is situated in the Eastern Hemisphere.

Notice, that:

• The border between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere is determined by the equator and the border between the Eastern and Western Hemisphere is determined by the meridian of 0°.

Remember:

• The position of the point on the mapmapmap is determined by the geographical coordinatesgeographical coordinatesgeographical coordinates: the value of the parallel arcparallel arcparallel arc (the latitude) and the value of the meridianmeridianmeridian (the longitude). The geographical coordinates are measured in degrees.

• The parallel arc of 0°, called the equator, determines the border between the Northern and Southern HemispherehemisphereHemisphere.

• The meridian of 0°, called the meridian of Greenwich, determines the border between the Eastern and Western Hemisphere.

• It is said that places which are situated on the Northern Hemisphere have the north latitudenorth latitudenorth latitude (N), and the ones situated on the Southern Hemisphere have the south latitudesouth latitudesouth latitude (S).

• It is said that places which are situated on the Eastern Hemisphere have the east longitudeeast longitudeeast longitude (E), and the ones situated on the Western Hemisphere have the west longitudewest longitudewest longitude (W).

Do the summarizing exercises.

Exercises

Exercise 3

On the basis of the part of the map of Poland give the geographical coordinates of the following cities:

a) Rzeszów,

b) Międzyrzec Podlaski.

Describe the position of these cities in English.

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Rysunek przedstawia fragment mapy Polski. Zaznaczono na niej wartości południków oraz równoleżników. Rzeszów leży na przecięciu południka o wartości 22 stopni oraz równoleżnika o wartości 50 stopni. Międzyrzec Podlaski leży na przecięciu południka o wartości 23 stopni oraz równoleżnika o wartości 52 stopni.

Show solution

a) Rzeszów 22°E 50°N

b) Międzyrzec Podlaski 32°E 52°N.

Glossary

Keywords

geographical coordinatesgeographical coordinatesgeographical coordinates

north latitudenorth latitudenorth latitude

south latitudesouth latitudesouth latitude

east longitudeeast longitudeeast longitude

west longitudewest longitudewest longitude