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A right prism and its properties. Relations between values in a prism I

Source: licencja: CC 0.

Graniastosłup prosty i jego własności. Związki miarowe w graniastosłupach

Learning objectives

You will learn to identify angles between line segments in prisms and pyramids (for example, between edges, edges and diagonals) and angles between sides and calculating these angles.

You will learn to identify the figure of the given cross‑section of the prism by a plane, as well as calculate the volume and the total surface area of prisms, also using trigonometry and learnt theorems.

Learning effect

  • You identify angles between line segments in prisms and pyramids (for example, between edges, edges and diagonals) and angles between sides and calculating these angles.

  • You identify the figure of the given cross‑section of the prism by a plane, as well as calculate the volume and the total surface area of prisms, also using trigonometry and learnt theorems.

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nagranie abstraktu

Revise information about prisms. You can use information from the site www.epodreczniki.pl.

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nagranie abstraktu

Make notes while organising knowledge according to areas.

  1. Right prismright prismRight prism – built, properties, kinds.

  2. Line segments and angles in prisms.

  3. Cross‑sections of prisms.

  4. The total surface area and volume of the prism.

Check if information you prepared are similar to information below:

  1. Right prism – built, properties, kinds.

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nagranie abstraktu
  • the right prismright prismright prism is such polyhedron whose two congruent sides (bases) are located in parallel planes and the other sides are rectangles,

  • if the base of the prism is a regular polygon, then we say that the prism is a right regular prismright triangular prismright regular prism.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
  1. Line segments in prisms.

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
  • base edges: AB, BC, CD, AD, A’B’, B’C’, C’D’, A’D’

  • face edges: AA’, BB’, CC’, DD’

  • diagonals of bases: AC, BD, A’C’, B’D’

  • diagonals of faces AB’, BA’, BC’, B’C, CD’, C’D, AD’, A’D

  • diagonal of the solid figure: AC’, BD’, CA’, DB’

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

The angle of inclination of the diagonal of the prism to the plane of the base CAC.

  1. Cross‑setions of prisms

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Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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nagranie abstraktu

The cross‑section is a polygon obtain as a result of cutting the prism with any plane.

  1. The total surface area and thevolume of a prismvolume of a prismvolume of a prism

Pc=2·Pp+Pb,      V=Pp·H

where:

PIndeks dolny c  Indeks dolny koniec– total surface area of the prism
PIndeks dolny p – base surface area of the prism
PIndeks dolny b – lateral face surface area of the prism
V – volume of the prism
H – altitude of the prism

Task 1
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nagranie abstraktu

Open the applet and analyse the solution of the exemplary task presented in the applet.

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Aplet geogebry - Długość przekątnej sześcianu. Poniżej znajduje się galeria będąca wersją alternatywną dla aplikacji.
The length of the diagonal of a cube
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
Task 2
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw a right regular prismright regular prismright regular prism. Mark the angle between the diagonal of the lateral face and the plane of the base.

Task 3
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nagranie abstraktu

Calculate the volume of the cuboid whose diagonal is equal to 9 cm and is inclined to the plane of the base at 30° angle, knowing that one edge of the base is twice longer than the other. Make a proper drawing.

Task 4
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nagranie abstraktu

Draw a cuboid and mark a cross‑section done by the plane that goes through diagonals of bases. Calculate the area of this cross‑section, knowing that dimensions of the cuboid are equal to: 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm.

Task 5

An extra task:

Calculate the volume of the cube in which after increasing the length of its edges by 1 cm, the total surface area increased by
66 cmIndeks górny 2.

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nagranie abstraktu
  • The right prismright prismright prism is such polyhedron whose two congruent sides (bases) are located in parallel planes and the other sides are rectangles,

  • If the base of the prism is a regular polygon, then we say that the prism is a right regular prismright regular prismright regular prism,

  • The cross‑section is a polygon obtain as a result of cutting the prism with any plane,

  • Pc=2·Pp+Pb,    V=Pp·H.

Exercises

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Exercise 1
Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: The diagonal of a cube is equal to 32. The volume of this cube is: Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. 3, 2. 6, 3. 6, 4. 66
Exercise 2

Calculate the total surface area and the volume of a right rectangular prism in which the diagonal of the base is equal to the altitude of the prism and is 6 cm.

Exercise 3

Draw a right triangular prismright triangular prismright triangular prism. Name all line segments in this prism and describe them in English.

Exercise 4
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Wersja alternatywna ćwiczenia: Indicate which pairs of expressions or words are translated correctly. Możliwe odpowiedzi: 1. graniastosłup prosty - right prism, 2. graniastosłup prawidłowy - right regular prism, 3. odcinki w graniastosłupie - line segments in the prism, 4. kąty w graniastosłupie - angles in the prism, 5. pole powierzchni całkowitej graniastosłupa - volume of a prism, 6. graniastosłup prawidłowy trójkątny - length of the diagonal of a cube
zadanie
Source: GroMar, licencja: CC BY 3.0.
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Interaktywna gra, polegająca na łączeniu wyrazów w pary w ciągu jednej minuty. Czas zaczyna upływać wraz z rozpoczęciem gry. Jeden ruch to odkrywanie najpierw jednej potem drugiej karty z wyrazem. Każdy wyraz jest odczytywany. Kolejny ruch to odkrywanie trzeciej i czwartej karty. W ten sposób odsłuchasz wszystkie wyrazy. Nawigacja z poziomu klawiatury za pomocą strzałek, odsłuchiwanie wyrazów enterem lub spacją. Znajdź wszystkie pary wyrazów.
Source: Zespół autorski Politechniki Łódzkiej, licencja: CC BY 3.0.

Glossary

angles in the prism
angles in the prism

kąty w graniastosłupie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: angles in the prism
cross‑section of a prism
cross‑section of a prism

przekrój prostopadłościanu

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wymowa w języku angielskim: cross‑section of a prism
length of the diagonal of a cube
length of the diagonal of a cube

długość przekątnej sześcianu

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wymowa w języku angielskim: length of the diagonal of a cube
line segments in the prism
line segments in the prism

odcinki w graniastosłupie

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wymowa w języku angielskim: line segments in the prism
right prism
right prism

graniastosłup prosty

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wymowa w języku angielskim: right prism
right regular prism
right regular prism

graniastosłup prawidłowy

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wymowa w języku angielskim: right regular prism
right triangular prism
right triangular prism

graniastosłup prawidłowy trójkątny

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wymowa w języku angielskim: right triangular prism
side edges
side edges

krawędzie boczne

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wymowa w języku angielskim: side edges
total surface area of a prism
total surface area of a prism

pole powierzchni całkowitej graniastosłupa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: total surface area of a prism
volume of a prism
volume of a prism

objętość graniastosłupa

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wymowa w języku angielskim: volume of a prism

Keywords

angles in the prismangles in the prismangles in the prism

cross‑section of a prismcross‑section of a prismcross‑section of a prism

line segments in the prismline segments in the prismline segments in the prism

right prismright prismright prism

right regular prismright regular prismright regular prism